RabbitMQ单机安装及性能测试
本文使用CentOS7.9安装RabbitMQ单机环境，并进行性能测试。
1. 安装RabbitMQ
RabbitMQ依赖Erlang，版本配套关系参考官网：https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/which-erlang。
本文安装RabbitMQ3.8.21,Erlang版本要求为23.2~24.2。
# 卸载通过yum源安装的erlang，版本不满足
$ sudo yum remove erlang-*
# 安装erlang
$ sudo yum install -y make gcc gcc-c++ m4 openssl openssl-devel ncurses-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel java java-devel
$ sudo mkdir /usr/local/erlang
$ wget https://github.com/erlang/otp/releases/download/OTP-23.3.4.20/otp_src_23.3.4.20.tar.gz
$ tar xf otp_src_23.3.4.20.tar.gz
$ cd otp_src_23.3.4.20/
$ sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/erlang
$ sudo make && sudo make install
# 配置环境变量
$ sudo vim /etc/profile
######### 添加如下内容 ###############
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/erlang/bin
$ sudo source /etc/profile
# 查看erlang版本
$ sudo erl -version
Erlang (SMP,ASYNC_THREADS,HIPE) (BEAM) emulator version 11.2.2.18
# 安装rabbitmq-server
$ wget https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/releases/download/v3.8.21/rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.8.21.tar.xz
$ tar xf rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.8.21.tar.xz
$ sudo mv rabbitmq_server-3.8.21/ /usr/local/
# 添加环境变量
$ sudo vim /etc/profile
export RABBITMQ_HOME=/usr/local/rabbitmq_server-3.8.21/sbin
export PATH=$RABBITMQ_HOME:$PATH
# 重载一下环境变量
$ sudo source /etc/profile
# 添加web管理插件
$ sudo rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
# 找到rabbitmq.conf.example和advanced.config.example文件，将.example去掉，拷贝到/usr/local/rabbitmq_server-3.8.21/etc/rabbitmq目录下。
# 配置文件实例：https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/configure#config-file
$ mv rabbitmq.conf.example rabbitmq.conf
$ mv advanced.config.example advanced.config
# 修改rabbitmq.conf文件，取消注释如下两行（91、97行），并将geust从loopback_users中移除。
$ sudo vim rabbitmq.conf
{loopback_users, []},
loopback_users.guest = false
# 后台启动
$ sudo rabbitmq-server -detached
# 停止
$ sudo rabbitmqctl stop
2. PerfTest测试Rabbitmq性能
2.1 PerfTest安装
PerfTest也是从Bintray和GitHub发布的二进制版本库中分发的。如果需要将它作为库，也可以在Maven Central上使用。
参考：
官网：https://perftest.rabbitmq.com/
GitHub:https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-perf-test/releases
Maven Central: https://central.sonatype.com/artifact/com.rabbitmq/perf-test
# 下载解压
$ wget https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-perf-test/releases/download/v2.20.0/rabbitmq-perf-test-2.20.0-bin.zip
$ unzip rabbitmq-perf-test-2.20.0-bin.zip
$ cd rabbitmq-perf-test-2.20.0/bin/
# 帮助文档
$ ./runjava com.rabbitmq.perf.PerfTest --help
usage: <program>
-?,--help show usage
-A,--multi-ack-every <arg> multi ack every
-a,--autoack auto ack
-ad,--auto-delete <arg> should the queue be auto-deleted,
default is true
-B,--body <arg> comma-separated list of files to use
in message bodies
-b,--heartbeat <arg> heartbeat interval
-C,--pmessages <arg> producer message count
-c,--confirm <arg> max unconfirmed publishes
-ct,--confirm-timeout <arg> waiting timeout for unconfirmed
publishes before failing (in seconds)
-D,--cmessages <arg> consumer message count
-d,--id <arg> test ID
-e,--exchange <arg> exchange name
-f,--flag <arg> message flag
-H,--uris <arg> connection URIs (separated by commas)
-h,--uri <arg> connection URI
-i,--interval <arg> sampling interval in seconds
-K,--random-routing-key use random routing key per message
-k,--routing-key <arg> routing key
-L,--consumer-latency <arg> consumer latency in microseconds
-l,--legacy-metrics display legacy metrics (min/avg/max
latency)
-M,--framemax <arg> frame max
-m,--ptxsize <arg> producer tx size
-ms,--use-millis should latency be collected in
milliseconds, default is false. Set to true if producers are consumers run
on different machines.
-n,--ctxsize <arg> consumer tx size
-o,--output-file <arg> output file for timing results
-p,--predeclared allow use of predeclared objects
-Q,--global-qos <arg> channel prefetch count
-q,--qos <arg> consumer prefetch count
-qa,--queue-args <arg> queue arguments as key/pair values,
separated by commas
-R,--consumer-rate <arg> consumer rate limit
-r,--rate <arg> producer rate limit
-S,--slow-start start consumers slowly (1 sec delay
between each)
-s,--size <arg> message size in bytes
-sb,--skip-binding-queues don't bind queues to the exchange
-T,--body-content-type <arg> body content-type
-t,--type <arg> exchange type
-u,--queue <arg> queue name
-udsc,--use-default-ssl-context use JVM default SSL context
-X,--producer-channel-count <arg> channels per producer
-x,--producers <arg> producer count
-Y,--consumer-channel-count <arg> channels per consumer
-y,--consumers <arg> consumer count
-z,--time <arg> run duration in seconds (unlimited by
default)
2.2 测试rabbitmq性能
# 使用2个发布者和4个消费者,消费者自动确认。测试10s
$ ./runjava com.rabbitmq.perf.PerfTest -x 2 -y 4 -u "throughput-test-2" -a --id "test 2" -z 10
id: test 2, starting consumer #0
id: test 2, starting consumer #0, channel #0
id: test 2, starting consumer #1
id: test 2, starting consumer #1, channel #0
id: test 2, starting consumer #2
id: test 2, starting consumer #2, channel #0
id: test 2, starting consumer #3
id: test 2, starting consumer #3, channel #0
id: test 2, starting producer #0
id: test 2, starting producer #0, channel #0
id: test 2, starting producer #1
id: test 2, starting producer #1, channel #0
id: test 2, time 1.003 s, sent: 127999 msg/s, received: 15782 msg/s, min/median/75th/95th/99th consumer latency: 5713/307891/402582/528289/582712 µs
id: test 2, time 2.001 s, sent: 131113 msg/s, received: 26712 msg/s, min/median/75th/95th/99th consumer latency: 492458/927258/1076558/1200196/1224838 µs
id: test 2, time 3.002 s, sent: 70270 msg/s, received: 27921 msg/s, min/median/75th/95th/99th consumer latency: 1231947/1636103/1762087/1911254/1961337 µs
id: test 2, time 4.004 s, sent: 65868 msg/s, received: 32514 msg/s, min/median/75th/95th/99th consumer latency: 1871274/2289855/2447511/2573695/2638878 µs
id: test 2, time 5.010 s, sent: 71051 msg/s, received: 47652 msg/s, min/median/75th/95th/99th consumer latency: 2558754/2876891/2982484/3254060/3317619 µs
id: test 2, time 6.002 s, sent: 59422 msg/s, received: 61646 msg/s, min/median/75th/95th/99th consumer latency: 2759697/3160876/3333301/3550598/3577079 µs
id: test 2, time 7.002 s, sent: 51860 msg/s, received: 62923 msg/s, min/median/75th/95th/99th consumer latency: 2821628/3221174/3346806/3479463/3500692 µs
id: test 2, time 8.001 s, sent: 69568 msg/s, received: 64028 msg/s, min/median/75th/95th/99th consumer latency: 2815461/3220554/3359531/3509414/3540637 µs
id: test 2, time 9.001 s, sent: 60874 msg/s, received: 56448 msg/s, min/median/75th/95th/99th consumer latency: 2810135/3187379/3422998/3547960/3569557 µs
id: test 2, time 10.006 s, sent: 52246 msg/s, received: 58175 msg/s, min/median/75th/95th/99th consumer latency: 2871297/3260717/3463882/3582327/3608431 µs
id: test 2, time 11.001 s, sent: 2.0 msg/s, received: 60551 msg/s, min/median/75th/95th/99th consumer latency: 2933013/3275629/3448953/3585931/3630662 µs
id: test 2, time 12.001 s, sent: 0 msg/s, received: 70372 msg/s, min/median/75th/95th/99th consumer latency: 2767204/3282635/3474078/3678657/3719987 µs
id: test 2, time 13.001 s, sent: 0 msg/s, received: 65454 msg/s, min/median/75th/95th/99th consumer latency: 2552693/3090484/3276141/3544581/3585066 µs
test stopped (Reached time limit)
id: test 2, sending rate avg: 58506 msg/s
id: test 2, receiving rate avg: 49985 msg/s
id: test 2, consumer latency min/median/75th/95th/99th 14918/3156722/3342902/3541320/3615540 µs
$ bin/runjava com.rabbitmq.perf.PerfTest -x 2 -y 4 -u "throughput-test-2" -a --id "test 2"
# 将消费者切换到手动确认：
$ ./runjava com.rabbitmq.perf.PerfTest -x 1 -y 2 -u "throughput-test-3" --id "test 3"
# 修改将消息大小从默认（12字节）更改为4 kB：
$ ./runjava com.rabbitmq.perf.PerfTest -x 1 -y 2 -u "throughput-test-4" --id "test 4" -s 4000
# 使用持久队列和持久消息：
$ ./runjava com.rabbitmq.perf.PerfTest -x 1 -y 2 -u "throughput-test-5" --id "test-5" -f persistent
# 队列数400，生产者200，消费者200，消息大小12bytes（默认），消息自动确认，持久化,持续生产消费5分钟。建议测试客户端和被测试机器分开部署。
$ ./runjava com.rabbitmq.perf.PerfTest -x 200 -y 200 -u "max-throughput-test" -s 12 -a --id "test 2" -z 300 -f persistent
id: test 2, sending rate avg: 116797 msg/s
id: test 2, receiving rate avg: 29674 msg/s
id: test 2, consumer latency min/median/75th/95th/99th 7504371/104831283/114120030/121894266/124635729 µs
2万+
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