【架构师面试-大厂内部面试题-2】-MySQL笔试题33道|附答案和表结构

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/chongfa2008/article/details/122015728

做完这33道题，再也不用担心sql笔试，废话不多说，咱们直接上干货！！！

1：题目

1、查询Student表中的所有记录的Sname、Ssex和Class列。

2、查询教师所有的单位即不重复的Depart列。

3、查询Score表中成绩在60到80之间的所有记录。

4、查询Score表中成绩为85，86或88的记录。

5、查询Student表中“95031”班或性别为“女”的同学记录。

6、以Class降序查询Student表的所有记录。

7、以Cno升序、Degree降序查询Score表的所有记录。

8、查询“95031”班的学生人数。

9、查询Score表中的最高分的学生学号和课程号。（子查询或者排序）

10、查询每门课的平均成绩。

11、查询Score表中至少有5名学生选修的并以3开头的课程的平均分数。

12、查询所有学生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。

13、查询所有学生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。

14、查询“95033”班学生的平均分。

15、查询所有同学的Sno、Cno和rank列。

16、查询选修“3-105”课程的成绩高于“109”号同学成绩的所有同学的记录。

17、查询score中选学多门课程的同学中分数为非最高分成绩的记录。

18、查询成绩高于学号为“109”、课程号为“3-105”的成绩的所有记录。

19、查询和学号为101的同学同年出生的所有学生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。

20、查询“张旭“教师任课的学生成绩。

21、查询选修某课程的同学人数多于5人的教师姓名。

22、查询出“计算机系“教师所教课程的成绩表。

23、查询选修编号为“3-105“课程且成绩至少高于选修编号为“3-245”的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree,并按Degree从高到低次序排序。

24、查询选修编号为“3-105”且成绩高于选修编号为“3-245”课程的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree.

25、查询所有教师和同学的name、sex和birthday.

26、查询所有“女”教师和“女”同学的name、sex和birthday.

27、查询成绩比该课程平均成绩低的同学的成绩表。

28、查询至少有2名男生的班号。

29、查询Student表中不姓“王”的同学记录。

30、查询Student表中每个学生的姓名和年龄。

31、以班号和年龄从大到小的顺序查询Student表中的全部记录。

32、查询和“李军”同性别并同班的同学Sname.

33、查询所有选修“计算机导论”课程的“男”同学的成绩表。

2：答案

-- 1、查询Student表中的所有记录的Sname、Ssex和Class列。

select st.sname,st.ssex,st.class from student st;

-- 2、查询教师所有的单位即不重复的Depart列。

select distinct depart from teacher;

-- 3、查询Score表中成绩在60到80之间的所有记录。

select * from score sc where sc.degree between 60 and 80;

-- 4、查询Score表中成绩为85，86或88的记录。

select * from score where degree in (85,86,88);

-- 5、查询Student表中“”班或性别为“女”的同学记录。

select * from student st where st.class=95031 or st.ssex = '女'; -- 常规

select * from student st where st.class=95031 union select * from student s where s.ssex = '女' ; -- 优化后

-- 6、以Class降序查询Student表的所有记录。

select * from student order by class desc;

-- 7、以Cno升序、Degree降序查询Score表的所有记录。

select * from score order by cno asc,degree desc;

-- 8、查询“95031”班的学生人数。

select count(1) from student where class = 95031;

-- 9、查询Score表中的最高分的学生学号和课程号。

select sno,cno from score order by degree desc limit 1;

-- 10、查询每门课的平均成绩。

select cno,AVG(degree) as '平均分' from score group by cno;

-- 11、查询Score表中至少有5名学生选修，并以3开头的课程的平均分数。

select cno,AVG(degree) from score group by cno having count(sno)>=5 and cno like '3%';

-- 12、查询所有学生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。

select sname,cno,degree from student st join score sc on st.sno = sc.sno;

-- 13、查询所有学生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。

select sname,cname,degree from student st join score sc on st.sno = sc.sno join course co on co.cno = sc.cno;

-- 14、查询“95033”班学生的平均分。

select AVG(degree) from score sc join student st on sc.sno = st.sno and st.class = 95033;

-- 15、查询所有同学的Sno、Cno和rank列：

select sc.sno,sc.cno,gr.rank from score sc join grade gr on sc.degree between gr.low and gr.upp;

-- 16、查询选修“3-105”课程的成绩高于“109”号同学成绩的所有同学的记录。

SELECT * FROM student WHERE
sno IN ( SELECT sno FROM score WHERE cno = '3-105' AND degree > ( SELECT degree FROM score WHERE sno = 109 AND cno = '3-105' ) );

-- 17、查询score中选学多门课程的同学中分数为非最高分成绩的记录。

select * from score where sno in(select sno from score group by sno having count(cno)>1 ) and degree != (select MAX(degree) from score);

-- 18、查询成绩高于学号为“109”、课程号为“3-105”的成绩的所有记录。

select * from score where degree > (select degree from score where sno = 109 and cno = '3-105');

-- 19、查询和学号为101的同学同年出生的,所有学生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。

select sno,sname,sbirthday from student where YEAR(sbirthday) like (select YEAR(sbirthday) from student where sno = 101) and sno != 101;

-- 20、查询“张旭“教师任课的学生成绩。

select sc.degree from score sc where sc.cno in (select co.cno from teacher te join course co on te.tno = co.tno and te.tname = '张旭');

-- 21、查询选修某课程的同学人数多于5人的教师姓名。

select tname from teacher where tno in
( select co.tno from score sc join course co on sc.cno = co.cno group by sc.cno having count(sc.sno)>5 );

-- 22、查询出“计算机系“教师所教课程的成绩表。

select * from score where cno in (select co.cno from course co join teacher te on te.depart = '计算机系' and te.tno = co.tno);

-- 23、查询选修编号为“-105“课程且成绩至少高于选修编号为“-245”的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree,并按Degree从高到低次序排序。

select * from score where cno='3-105' and degree >

(select max(degree) from score where cno='3-245' )

order by degree desc;

-- 24、查询选修编号为“3-105”且成绩高于选修编号为“3-245”课程的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree.

select cno,sno,degree from score where cno='3-105' and degree >(select max(degree) from score where cno='3-245' );

-- 25、查询所有教师和同学的name、sex和birthday.

select tname,tsex,tbirthday from teacher union select sname ,ssex ,sbirthday from student;

-- 26、查询所有“女”教师和“女”同学的name、sex和birthday.

select tname,tsex,tbirthday from teacher where tsex='女' union select sname ,ssex ,sbirthday from student where ssex ='女';

-- 27、查询成绩比该课程平均成绩低的同学的成绩表。

select * from score where degree < any(select AVG(degree) from score group by cno);

-- 28、查询至少有2名男生的班号。

select class from student group by class having count(class)>=2;

-- 29、查询Student表中不姓“王”的同学记录。

select * from student where sname not like '王%';

-- 30、查询Student表中每个学生的姓名和年龄。

select sname, YEAR(now())-YEAR(sbirthday) as '年龄' from student ;

-- 31、以班号和年龄从大到小的顺序查询Student表中的全部记录。

select * from student order by class desc, YEAR(now())-YEAR(sbirthday) desc ;

-- 32、查询和“李军”同性别并同班的同学Sname.

select sname from student where ssex=(select ssex from student where sname='李军')and

class=(select class from student where sname='李军');

-- 33、查询所有选修“计算机导论”课程的“男”同学的成绩表。

select sc.sno,sc.cno,sc.degree from score sc join course co on sc.cno = co.cno and co.cname = '计算机导论' and sno in (select sno from student where ssex = '男');

3：脚本

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for course
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `course`;
CREATE TABLE `course`  (
  `cno` char(5) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `cname` varchar(10) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `tno` int(3) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`cno`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `tno`(`tno`) USING BTREE,
  CONSTRAINT `course_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`tno`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`tno`) ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '课程表' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of course
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('3-105', '计算机导论', 825);
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('3-245', '操作系统', 804);
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('6-166', '数字电路', 856);
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('9-888', '高等数学', 831);

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for grade
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `grade`;
CREATE TABLE `grade`  (
  `low` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `upp` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `rank` char(1) CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_swedish_ci DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = latin1 COLLATE = latin1_swedish_ci COMMENT = '等级表' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of grade
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `grade` VALUES (90, 100, 'A');
INSERT INTO `grade` VALUES (80, 89, 'B');
INSERT INTO `grade` VALUES (70, 79, 'C');
INSERT INTO `grade` VALUES (60, 69, 'D');
INSERT INTO `grade` VALUES (0, 59, 'E');

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for score
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `score`;
CREATE TABLE `score`  (
  `sno` int(3) DEFAULT NULL,
  `cno` char(5) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `degree` decimal(4, 1) DEFAULT NULL,
  INDEX `sno`(`sno`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `cno`(`cno`) USING BTREE,
  CONSTRAINT `score_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`sno`) REFERENCES `student` (`sno`) ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT,
  CONSTRAINT `score_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`cno`) REFERENCES `course` (`cno`) ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '成绩表' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of score
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES (103, '3-245', 86.0);
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES (105, '3-245', 75.0);
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES (109, '3-245', 68.0);
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES (103, '3-105', 92.0);
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES (105, '3-105', 88.0);
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES (109, '3-105', 76.0);
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES (101, '3-105', 64.0);
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES (107, '3-105', 91.0);
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES (108, '3-105', 78.0);
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES (101, '6-166', 85.0);
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES (107, '6-166', 79.0);
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES (108, '6-166', 81.0);

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for student
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;
CREATE TABLE `student`  (
  `sno` int(3) NOT NULL,
  `sname` char(8) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `ssex` char(2) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `sbirthday` datetime(0) DEFAULT NULL,
  `class` int(5) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`sno`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '学生表' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of student
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES (101, '李军', '男', '1976-02-20 00:00:00', 95033);
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES (103, '陆君', '男', '1974-06-03 00:00:00', 95031);
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES (105, '匡明', '男', '1975-10-02 00:00:00', 95031);
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES (107, '王丽', '女', '1976-01-23 00:00:00', 95033);
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES (108, '曾华', '男', '1977-09-01 00:00:00', 95033);
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES (109, '王芳', '女', '1975-02-10 00:00:00', 95031);

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for teacher
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `teacher`;
CREATE TABLE `teacher`  (
  `tno` int(3) NOT NULL,
  `tname` char(4) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `tsex` char(2) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `tbirthday` datetime(0) DEFAULT NULL,
  `prof` char(6) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `depart` varchar(10) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`tno`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '教师表' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of teacher
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES (804, '李成', '男', '1958-12-02 00:00:00', '副教授', '计算机系');
INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES (825, '王萍', '女', '1972-05-05 00:00:00', '助教', '计算机系');
INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES (831, '刘冰', '女', '1977-08-14 00:00:00', '助教', '电子工程系');
INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES (856, '张旭', '男', '1969-03-12 00:00:00', '讲师', '电子工程系');

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

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