log4j的真实项目使用经验

项目需要将以下需求进行处理，通过log4j组建输出到log文件进行保存，方便今后运营维护中的分析和问题解决。

项目基本的基本流程包括：
1. 生成若干个独立线程
2. 启动线程进行工作
2.1 根据消息工程生产消息
2.2 将消息转成二进制方式放入输出队列
2.3 启动发送功能，将消息进行加密后发生到服务器端
2.4 等待并读取来自服务器端的消息

需要进行输出的内容主要包括：
1. 发送登陆时间
2. 接收完成登陆时间
3. 发送查询考题时间
4. 接收查询结果的时间
5. 单次登陆操作的花费时间
6. 单次查询考题操作的花费时间

输出到文件output.log
log4j.properties：

log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,stdout

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}  %p %c{1}.%M(%L) | %m%n
log4j.appender.stdout.MaxFileSize=30MB
log4j.appender.stdout.MaxBackupIndex=1  
log4j.appender.stdout.file=E:\\output.log 

/**
 * 
 */
package net.tuolian.test;

/**
 * @author sean
 * 
 * 1. 启动类
 * 2. 循环产生100个独立线程
 * 3. 启动线程执行任务
 *
 */
public class MainTest {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

		for(int i=0; i<500; i++){
			UserThread user = new UserThread(i);
			new Thread(user).start();			
		}
	}

}

/**
 * 
 */
package net.tuolian.test;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.Date;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

/**
 * @author sean 
 *  1. 建立连接
 *  2. 填充数据：login, query 
 *  3. 发生数据 
 *  4. 接收数据
 * 
 */
public class UserThread implements Runnable {

	Logger logger = null;

	Socket socket = null;
	private String ip = "192.168.1.2";
//	private String ip = "tuolian.gicp.net";
//	private String ip = "127.0.0.1";
	private int port = 9999;

	DataInputStream dis;
	DataOutputStream dos;

	boolean isRunning = false;

	private byte[] outData;

	private int id;
	private int counter = 0;

	Log4jUtil log;

	private long startTime;

	private long endTime;

	public UserThread(int id) {
		outData = new byte[512];
		this.id = id;
		System.out.println(id + " thread is created");

		logger = Logger.getLogger(UserThread.class);

		log = new Log4jUtil();
	}

	public void run() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		if (!connect()) {
//			System.out.println("没有连接");
			logger.error("网络没有连接成功");
		}

		while (isRunning) {
			// System.out.println(id + " thread is running");
			if (!fillData()) {
//				System.out.println("没有添加数据");
				logger.error("没有添加数据 ");
			}

			sendData();

			recvData();

			if (counter == 1) {
				recvData();
			}

			try {
				Thread.sleep(3000);
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 建立网络连接
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	private boolean connect() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		boolean flag = false;

		try {
			socket = new Socket(ip, port);

			dis = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
			dos = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());

			isRunning = true;
			flag = true;
		} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return flag;
	}

	/**
	 * 添加测试数据
	 * 1. 登陆消息 
	 * 2. 查少询数据库消息 
	 * 
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	private boolean fillData() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		boolean flag = false;
		outData = null;

		counter++;
//		System.out.println("counter: " + counter);

		//记录操作的开始时间
		startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
		if (counter == 1) {
			outData = MessageFactory.createMessage(MessageFactory.LOGIN);
		} else {
			outData = MessageFactory.createMessage(MessageFactory.GETCONTENT);
		}

//		System.out.println("outdata length: before decrypt " + outData.length);

		// 如果内容长度不为空，则设置返回值true
		if (outData.length > 0) {
			flag = true;
		}
		return flag;
	}

	/**
	 * 发送数据到服务器端 数据从发生队列中读取
	 */
	private void sendData() {
		if (outData.length == 0) {
//			System.out.println("发生数据位空，发送出错" + new Date());
			log.debug("发生数据位空，发送出错" + new Date());
			return;
		}

		startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
		try {
			// 1. tea加密数组 2. 长度数组 3. 发送长度 4. 发生加密后数据 5. flush
			// 第二個步骤（长度数组）可以不要
			byte[] tempData = Tea.encryptByTea(outData);
//			System.out.println(" tempdata after decrypt: " + tempData.length);
			dos.write((byte) ((tempData.length & 0xFF)));

//			logger.info("temp data length: "
//					+ ((byte) (tempData.length & 0xFF)));
//			System.out.println("temp data length: "
//					+ ((byte) (tempData.length & 0xFF)));
			dos.write((byte) ((tempData.length >> 8 & 0xFF)));
//			logger.info("temp data length: "
//					+ ((byte) (tempData.length >> 8 & 0xFF)));
//			System.out.println("temp data length: "
//					+ ((byte) (tempData.length >> 8 & 0xFF)));
			dos.write(tempData);
			dos.flush();
//			logger.info("outdata length: " + tempData.length);

		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		outData = null;
	}

	/**
	 * 发生数据
	 */
	private void recvData() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		if (dis == null) {
			return;
		}

		try {
			if (dis.available() < -1) {
				return;
			}

			// 1. 长度数组2位，读取， 2. 读取加密数据 3. 解密成正常数组 4. 读取包头12个字节
			// 5.
			// byte[] len = new byte[2];
			// dis.read(len);
			// //长度2位短整型表示
			// int size = Util.BytetoInt2(len,0);
			//			
			// byte[] data = new byte[size];
			// dis.read(data);
			//			
			// byte[] finalData = Tea.decryptByTea(data);
			//			
			// //复制包头部分
			// byte[] head = new byte[12];
			// System.arraycopy(finalData, 0, head, 0, head.length);
			//			
			// char[] tags = new char[2];
			// tags[0] = (char) head[0];
			// tags[0] = (char) head[1];
			//			
			// //包体长度
			// int bodyLen = Util.BytetoInt2(head,2);
			//			
			// //命令头
			// int cmdType = Util.BytetoInt2(head,4);
			//			
			// //playerId
			// int playerId = Util.BytetoInt4(head, 8);
			//			
			// byte[] body = new byte[bodyLen];
			// System.arraycopy(finalData, 12, body, 0, bodyLen);
			//			
			// //进行数据解析和逻辑处理
			// parseInputData(cmdType, body , head);
			// //通过包头属性，获得包体数据的长度
			// //复制包体部分

			byte[] datas = new byte[2];
			dis.read(datas);
//			logger.info("收到消息长度为" + Util.toHexString1(datas));

			// short lens=(short) (((datas[0] & 0xFF) << 8) + ((datas[1] & 0xFF)
			// << 0));
			int len = Util.BytetoInt2(datas, 0);// (short) (((datas[0] & 0xff)
												// << 8) + ((datas[1] & 0xff) <<
												// 0));
//			logger.info("收到消息长度为" + len);

			// 读取通信流中的数据
			datas = new byte[len];
			dis.read(datas);
			datas = Tea.decryptByTea(datas);
			byte[] headdata = new byte[12];
			System.arraycopy(datas, 0, headdata, 0, 12);

			// dis.read(headdata);

			// headdata=Tea.encryptByTea(headdata);
			char[] tags = new char[2];
			tags[0] = (char) headdata[0];
			tags[1] = (char) headdata[1];
//			logger.info("收到body len " + headdata[0]);

			int bodyLen = Util.BytetoInt2(headdata, 2);// (short) (((headdata[2]
														// & 0xff) << 8) +
														// ((headdata[3] & 0xff)
														// << 0));
//			logger.info("收到body len " + bodyLen);
			// headdata[4]
			int cmdtype = Util.BytetoInt2(headdata, 4);// (short) (((headdata[4]
														// & 0xff) << 8) +
														// ((headdata[5] & 0xff)
														// << 0));
			// headdata[7]
			int playerid = Util.BytetoInt4(headdata, 8);

//			logger.info("收到player id is " + playerid + " cmd=" + cmdtype);

			byte[] bodydata = new byte[bodyLen];
			System.arraycopy(datas, 12, bodydata, 0, bodyLen);

			// 进行数据解析和逻辑处理
			parseInputData(cmdtype, bodydata, headdata);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 解析读取的数据，进行现场处理，打印结果
	 * 
	 * @param cmdType
	 * @param body
	 */
	private void parseInputData(int cmdType, byte[] body, byte[] head) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

		switch (cmdType) {
		case MessageFactory.RE_LOGIN:
			int playerId = Util.BytetoInt4(head, 8);
//			logger.info("playerId: " + playerId);

			endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

			Log4jUtil.logTime("login", startTime, endTime);
//			System.out.println("playerId: " + playerId);
			break;

		case MessageFactory.R_GETTYPE:
//			handleGetContent(body);
			break;

		case MessageFactory.R_GETCONTENT:
			handleGetContent(body);
			break;

		default:
			break;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 
	 * @param body
	 */
	private void handleGetContent(byte[] body) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(body);
		DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(bis);

		try {
			int id = dis.read();

			int style = dis.read();
			int sub_style = dis.read();

			byte[] data = new byte[2];
			dis.read(data);
			int len = Util.BytetoInt2(data, 0);

			data = new byte[len];
			dis.read(data);
			String title = new String(data, "utf-8");
//			logger.info("question title: " + title);
//			System.out.println("question title: " + title);

			int slen = dis.read();
//			System.out.println(" success in dealing with handleGetContent");
			dis.close();
//			String[] selects = new String[slen];

//			for (int i = 0; i < slen; i++) {
//				data = new byte[2];
//				dis.read(data);
//				int strlen = Util.BytetoInt2(data, 0);
//				data = new byte[strlen];
//				dis.read(data);
//				selects[i] = new String(data, "utf-8");
//				dis.close();
//			}

//			int result = dis.read();

			endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

			Log4jUtil.logTime("query", startTime, endTime);

		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			logger.error("read question error ");
//			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

package net.tuolian.test;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;


/**
 * 消息工厂 
 * 1. 产生登陆消息 
 * 2. 产生数据查询消息
 * 
 * 上述消息都直接写成二进制方式
 * 包体+包头
 * 放入outData数据队列
 *
 * @author sean
 * 
 */
public class MessageFactory {

	public static final int LOGIN = 3005;	
	public static final int GETCONTENT = 2003;

	/** ******收到的命令******** */
	public static final int RE_LOGIN = 3006;
	public static final int R_GETTYPE = 2002;
	public static final int R_GETCONTENT = 2004;



	private static final String TAG = "tl";




	public static byte[] createMessage(int cmdType) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		ByteArrayOutputStream writeBos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		DataOutputStream writeDos = new DataOutputStream(writeBos);

		switch (cmdType) {
		case LOGIN:
			loginWrite(writeDos);
			break;

		case GETCONTENT:
			getContent(writeDos);
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
		// 返回加入包头的消息二进制数组
		return addMessageHead(writeBos.toByteArray(),cmdType);

//		return writeBos.toByteArray();
	}


	/**
	 * 添加消息包头，根据具体情况定义包头

	 * @param body
	 * @param cmdType
	 * @return
	 */
	private static byte[] addMessageHead(byte[] body, int cmdType) {


		return data;
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

	}

	/**
	 * 编写登陆口命令体 
	 * username 
	 * password 
	 * note: 
	 * log4j记录时间
	 * 
	 * @param dos
	 */
	private static void loginWrite(DataOutputStream dos) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		int userid = 1000;
		String name = "username";
		String password = "password";
		try {
			dos.writeInt(1000);
			byte data[] = name.getBytes("UTF-8");
			dos.write(data.length & 0xff);
			dos.write(data.length >> 8 & 0xff);
			dos.write(data);
			data = password.getBytes("UTF-8");
			dos.write(data.length & 0xff);
			dos.write(data.length >> 8 & 0xff);
			dos.write(data);

		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 打印获得考试内容的时间
	 * @param dos
	 */
	private static void getContent(DataOutputStream dos) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		int examTypeId = 2;
		try {
			dos.write(examTypeId);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

[code]
package net.tuolian.test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.log4j.PropertyConfigurator;
import org.apache.log4j.spi.Configurator;

/**
* log4j初始化配置
*
* @author Administrator 1. Property 对象 2.读取配置文件 inputstream 3.
* property.load(is) 4. configure(file); 5.
*
* 错误及解决： 1. log4j.properties文件，需要和代码放在同一级，也就是放在同一个包内
* 2. logger =
* Logger.getLogger(Log4jUtil.class); 否则使用logger对象，报空指针错误
*/
public class Log4jUtil {

private static String fileName = "log4j.properties";

static Logger logger = null;

public Log4jUtil() {
Properties properties = new Properties();
InputStream is = getClass().getResourceAsStream(fileName);
try {
properties.load(is);
PropertyConfigurator.configure(properties);

logger = Logger.getLogger(Log4jUtil.class);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
long endTime;

new Log4jUtil();

for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
System.out.println(" println :" + i);
}

endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

long takeTime = (endTime - startTime);
logger.info("hello: " + takeTime);

logTime("query time", startTime, endTime);

}

public static void logTime(String logicName, long startTime, long endTime){
logger.info(logicName + "操作使用的时间为" + (endTime - startTime));
}

public void debug(String string) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
logger.debug(string);
}
}
[/code]

还有几个小问题：
1. log4j.properties默认是在代码的同一级目录(package)下，比如当前package是net.tuolian.test, 则配置文件放在这个package下就可以被成功加载
2. 根据自己的需要封装方法
比如：封装一个方法来打印业务名称、花费时间
logTime(name, starttime, endTime)
3. 另外log4j的配置文件读取的方法如代码所示：
Properties properties = new Properties();
InputStream is = getClass().getResourceAsStream(fileName);
try {
properties.load(is);
PropertyConfigurator.configure(properties);

logger = Logger.getLogger(Log4jUtil.class);
读取配置文件、设置配置文件，getLogger(类名)
4.将日志输出到数据库，需要对配置文件进行如下设置
输出到数据库
log4j.appender.DATABASE=org.apache.log4j.jdbc.JDBCAppender
log4j.appender.DATABASE.URL=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
log4j.appender.DATABASE.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
log4j.appender.DATABASE.user=root
log4j.appender.DATABASE.password= root
log4j.appender.DATABASE.sql=INSERT INTO LOG4J (Message) VALUES ('[framework] %d - %c -%-4r [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n')
log4j.appender.DATABASE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.DATABASE.layout.ConversionPattern=[framework] %d - %c -%-4r [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n
成功与否，笔者还没进行测试

其他方法，还包括输出地格式设定、输出的目标地址设定等等