ADO.NET Data Service之CRUD操作

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本文介绍了使用NorthwindService.svc服务对北风数据库进行增删改查操作的方法，包括GET查询伦敦客户、POST插入新客户、MERGE更新客户名称及DELETE删除客户。

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1.选择数据

（这是采用GET方法）

            localhost.NorthwindEntities context = new localhost.NorthwindEntities(
                new Uri("http://localhost:1000/NorthwindService.svc/"));


            //查询
            var query = from c in context.Customers
                        where c.City.Equals("London")
                        select c;

            
            Console.WriteLine(query.ToString());
            foreach (var item in query)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(item.CompanyName);
            }

这个查询，发给服务的查询字串是：

查询数据库的语法是

返回的数据是

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: ASP.NET Development Server/9.0.0.0
Date: Tue, 09 Feb 2010 12:33:14 GMT
X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727
DataServiceVersion: 1.0;
Cache-Control: no-cache
Content-Type: application/atom+xml;charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 7604
Connection: Close


  xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>
<feed xml:base="http://localhost:1000/NorthwindService.svc/" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <title type="text">Customers
   title>
  <id>http://localhost:1000/NorthwindService.svc/Customers
    id>
  <updated>2010-02-09T12:33:14Z
     updated>
  <link rel="self" title="Customers" href="Customers" />
  <entry>
    <id>http://localhost:1000/NorthwindService.svc/Customers('AROUT')
      id>
    <title type="text">
       title> <updated>2010-02-09T12:33:14Z
        updated> <author> <name /> 
         author> <link rel="edit" title="Customers" href="Customers('AROUT')" /> <link rel="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/related/Orders" type="application/atom+xml;type=feed" title="Orders" href="Customers('AROUT')/Orders" /> <category term="NorthwindModel.Customers" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme" /> <content type="application/xml"> <m:properties> <d:CustomerID>AROUT
          d:CustomerID> <d:CompanyName>Around the Horn
           d:CompanyName> <d:ContactName>Thomas Hardy
            d:ContactName> <d:ContactTitle>Sales Representative
             d:ContactTitle> <d:Address>120 Hanover Sq.
              d:Address> <d:City>London
               d:City> <d:Region m:null="true" /> <d:PostalCode>WA1 1DP
                d:PostalCode> <d:Country>UK
                 d:Country> <d:Phone>(171) 555-7788
                  d:Phone> <d:Fax>(171) 555-6750
                   d:Fax> 
                    m:properties> 
                     content> 
                      entry> <entry> <id>http://localhost:1000/NorthwindService.svc/Customers('BSBEV')
                       id> <title type="text">
                        title> <updated>2010-02-09T12:33:14Z
                         updated> <author> <name /> 
                          author> <link rel="edit" title="Customers" href="Customers('BSBEV')" /> <link rel="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/related/Orders" type="application/atom+xml;type=feed" title="Orders" href="Customers('BSBEV')/Orders" /> <category term="NorthwindModel.Customers" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme" /> <content type="application/xml"> <m:properties> <d:CustomerID>BSBEV
                           d:CustomerID> <d:CompanyName>B's Beverages
                            d:CompanyName> <d:ContactName>Victoria Ashworth
                             d:ContactName> <d:ContactTitle>Sales Representative
                              d:ContactTitle> <d:Address>Fauntleroy Circus
                               d:Address> <d:City>London
                                d:City> <d:Region m:null="true" /> <d:PostalCode>EC2 5NT
                                 d:PostalCode> <d:Country>UK
                                  d:Country> <d:Phone>(171) 555-1212
                                   d:Phone> <d:Fax m:null="true" /> 
                                    m:properties> 
                                     content> 
                                      entry> <entry> <id>http://localhost:1000/NorthwindService.svc/Customers('CONSH')
                                       id> <title type="text">
                                        title> <updated>2010-02-09T12:33:14Z
                                         updated> <author> <name /> 
                                          author> <link rel="edit" title="Customers" href="Customers('CONSH')" /> <link rel="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/related/Orders" type="application/atom+xml;type=feed" title="Orders" href="Customers('CONSH')/Orders" /> <category term="NorthwindModel.Customers" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme" /> <content type="application/xml"> <m:properties> <d:CustomerID>CONSH
                                           d:CustomerID> <d:CompanyName>Consolidated Holdings
                                            d:CompanyName> <d:ContactName>Elizabeth Brown
                                             d:ContactName> <d:ContactTitle>Sales Representative
                                              d:ContactTitle> <d:Address>Berkeley Gardens 12 Brewery
                                               d:Address> <d:City>London
                                                d:City> <d:Region m:null="true" /> <d:PostalCode>WX1 6LT
                                                 d:PostalCode> <d:Country>UK
                                                  d:Country> <d:Phone>(171) 555-2282
                                                   d:Phone> <d:Fax>(171) 555-9199
                                                    d:Fax> 
                                                     m:properties> 
                                                      content> 
                                                       entry> <entry> <id>http://localhost:1000/NorthwindService.svc/Customers('EASTC')
                                                        id> <title type="text">
                                                         title> <updated>2010-02-09T12:33:14Z
                                                          updated> <author> <name /> 
                                                           author> <link rel="edit" title="Customers" href="Customers('EASTC')" /> <link rel="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/related/Orders" type="application/atom+xml;type=feed" title="Orders" href="Customers('EASTC')/Orders" /> <category term="NorthwindModel.Customers" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme" /> <content type="application/xml"> <m:properties> <d:CustomerID>EASTC
                                                            d:CustomerID> <d:CompanyName>Eastern Connection
                                                             d:CompanyName> <d:ContactName>Ann Devon
                                                              d:ContactName> <d:ContactTitle>Sales Agent
                                                               d:ContactTitle> <d:Address>35 King George
                                                                d:Address> <d:City>London
                                                                 d:City> <d:Region m:null="true" /> <d:PostalCode>WX3 6FW
                                                                  d:PostalCode> <d:Country>UK
                                                                   d:Country> <d:Phone>(171) 555-0297
                                                                    d:Phone> <d:Fax>(171) 555-3373
                                                                     d:Fax> 
                                                                      m:properties> 
                                                                       content> 
                                                                        entry> <entry> <id>http://localhost:1000/NorthwindService.svc/Customers('NORTS')
                                                                         id> <title type="text">
                                                                          title> <updated>2010-02-09T12:33:14Z
                                                                           updated> <author> <name /> 
                                                                            author> <link rel="edit" title="Customers" href="Customers('NORTS')" /> <link rel="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/related/Orders" type="application/atom+xml;type=feed" title="Orders" href="Customers('NORTS')/Orders" /> <category term="NorthwindModel.Customers" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme" /> <content type="application/xml"> <m:properties> <d:CustomerID>NORTS
                                                                             d:CustomerID> <d:CompanyName>North/South
                                                                              d:CompanyName> <d:ContactName>Simon Crowther
                                                                               d:ContactName> <d:ContactTitle>Sales Associate
                                                                                d:ContactTitle> <d:Address>South House 300 Queensbridge
                                                                                 d:Address> <d:City>London
                                                                                  d:City> <d:Region m:null="true" /> <d:PostalCode>SW7 1RZ
                                                                                   d:PostalCode> <d:Country>UK
                                                                                    d:Country> <d:Phone>(171) 555-7733
                                                                                     d:Phone> <d:Fax>(171) 555-2530
                                                                                      d:Fax> 
                                                                                       m:properties> 
                                                                                        content> 
                                                                                         entry> <entry> <id>http://localhost:1000/NorthwindService.svc/Customers('SEVES')
                                                                                          id> <title type="text">
                                                                                           title> <updated>2010-02-09T12:33:14Z
                                                                                            updated> <author> <name /> 
                                                                                             author> <link rel="edit" title="Customers" href="Customers('SEVES')" /> <link rel="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/related/Orders" type="application/atom+xml;type=feed" title="Orders" href="Customers('SEVES')/Orders" /> <category term="NorthwindModel.Customers" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme" /> <content type="application/xml"> <m:properties> <d:CustomerID>SEVES
                                                                                              d:CustomerID> <d:CompanyName>Seven Seas Imports
                                                                                               d:CompanyName> <d:ContactName>Hari Kumar
                                                                                                d:ContactName> <d:ContactTitle>Sales Manager
                                                                                                 d:ContactTitle> <d:Address>90 Wadhurst Rd.
                                                                                                  d:Address> <d:City>London
                                                                                                   d:City> <d:Region m:null="true" /> <d:PostalCode>OX15 4NB
                                                                                                    d:PostalCode> <d:Country>UK
                                                                                                     d:Country> <d:Phone>(171) 555-1717
                                                                                                      d:Phone> <d:Fax>(171) 555-5646
                                                                                                       d:Fax> 
                                                                                                        m:properties> 
                                                                                                         content> 
                                                                                                          entry> 
                                                                                                           feed>   2.插入数据
 （这个操作是POST）
            //增加新客户
            localhost.Customers newCustomer = new localhost.Customers()
            {
                CustomerID = "FFFFF",
                CompanyName = "Thinker Inc"
            };
            context.AddToCustomers(newCustomer);

发送给服务器的数据是

POST /NorthwindService.svc/Customers HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: Microsoft ADO.NET Data Services
Accept: application/atom+xml,application/xml
Accept-Charset: UTF-8
DataServiceVersion: 1.0;NetFx
MaxDataServiceVersion: 1.0;NetFx
Content-Type: application/atom+xml
Host: localhost:1000
Content-Length: 978
Expect: 100-continue


                                                                                                             xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>
<entry xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <category scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme" term="NorthwindModel.Customers" />
  <title />
  <updated>2010-02-09T12:34:10.5029331Z
                                                                                                              updated>
  <author>
    <name />
  
                                                                                                               author>
  <id />
  <content type="application/xml">
    <m:properties>
      <d:Address m:null="true" />
      <d:City m:null="true" />
      <d:CompanyName>Thinker Inc
                                                                                                                d:CompanyName>
      <d:ContactName m:null="true" />
      <d:ContactTitle m:null="true" />
      <d:Country m:null="true" />
      <d:CustomerID>FFFFF
                                                                                                                 d:CustomerID>
      <d:Fax m:null="true" />
      <d:Phone m:null="true" />
      <d:PostalCode m:null="true" />
      <d:Region m:null="true" />
    
                                                                                                                  m:properties> 
                                                                                                                   content> 
                                                                                                                    entry>

返回的数据是

HTTP/1.1 100 Continue
Server: ASP.NET Development Server/9.0.0.0
Date: Tue, 09 Feb 2010 12:34:10 GMT
Content-Length: 0

HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Server: ASP.NET Development Server/9.0.0.0
Date: Tue, 09 Feb 2010 12:34:10 GMT
X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727
DataServiceVersion: 1.0;
Location: http://localhost:1000/NorthwindService.svc/Customers('FFFFF')
Cache-Control: no-cache
Content-Type: application/atom+xml;charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 1347
Connection: Close


                                                                                                             xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>
<entry xml:base="http://localhost:1000/NorthwindService.svc/" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <id>http://localhost:1000/NorthwindService.svc/Customers('FFFFF')
                                                                                                              id>
  <title type="text">
                                                                                                               title>
  <updated>2010-02-09T12:34:10Z
                                                                                                                updated>
  <author>
    <name />
  
                                                                                                                 author>
  <link rel="edit" title="Customers" href="Customers('FFFFF')" />
  <link rel="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/related/Orders" type="application/atom+xml;type=feed" title="Orders" href="Customers('FFFFF')/Orders" />
  <category term="NorthwindModel.Customers" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme" />
  <content type="application/xml">
    <m:properties>
      <d:CustomerID>FFFFF
                                                                                                                  d:CustomerID> <d:CompanyName>Thinker Inc
                                                                                                                   d:CompanyName> <d:ContactName m:null="true" /> <d:ContactTitle m:null="true" /> <d:Address m:null="true" /> <d:City m:null="true" /> <d:Region m:null="true" /> <d:PostalCode m:null="true" /> <d:Country m:null="true" /> <d:Phone m:null="true" /> <d:Fax m:null="true" /> 
                                                                                                                    m:properties> 
                                                                                                                     content> 
                                                                                                                      entry>

3.更新数据

（这个操作是用MERGE)

            var c = context.Customers.Where(w => w.CustomerID == "FFFFF");
            var customer = c.FirstOrDefault();
            customer.CompanyName = "Microsoft";
            context.UpdateObject(customer);

发送给服务的数据是

MERGE /NorthwindService.svc/Customers('FFFFF') HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: Microsoft ADO.NET Data Services
Accept: application/atom+xml,application/xml
Accept-Charset: UTF-8
DataServiceVersion: 1.0;NetFx
MaxDataServiceVersion: 1.0;NetFx
Content-Type: application/atom+xml
Host: localhost:1000
Content-Length: 1040
Expect: 100-continue


                                                                                                             xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>
<entry xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <category scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme" term="NorthwindModel.Customers" />
  <title />
  <updated>2010-02-09T12:48:12.3845677Z
                                                                                                              updated>
  <author>
    <name />
  
                                                                                                               author>
  <id>http://localhost:1000/NorthwindService.svc/Customers('FFFFF')
                                                                                                                id>
  <content type="application/xml">
    <m:properties>
      <d:Address m:null="true" />
      <d:City m:null="true" />
      <d:CompanyName>Microsoft
                                                                                                                 d:CompanyName>
      <d:ContactName m:null="true" />
      <d:ContactTitle m:null="true" />
      <d:Country m:null="true" />
      <d:CustomerID>FFFFF
                                                                                                                  d:CustomerID> <d:Fax m:null="true" /> <d:Phone m:null="true" /> <d:PostalCode m:null="true" /> <d:Region m:null="true" /> 
                                                                                                                   m:properties> 
                                                                                                                    content> 
                                                                                                                     entry>

发送给数据库的指令是

exec sp_executesql N'update [dbo].[Customers]
set [CompanyName] = @0, [ContactName] = null, [ContactTitle] = null, [Address] = null, [City] = null, [Region] = null, [PostalCode] = null, [Country] = null, [Phone] = null, [Fax] = null
where ([CustomerID] = @1)
',N'@0 nvarchar(9),@1 nchar(5)',@0=N'Microsoft',@1=N'FFFFF'

回复给客户端的数据是

HTTP/1.1 204 No Content
Server: ASP.NET Development Server/9.0.0.0
Date: Tue, 09 Feb 2010 12:48:12 GMT
X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727
DataServiceVersion: 1.0;
Cache-Control: no-cache
Content-Length: 0
Connection: Close

4.删除数据

（这个操作是DELETE)

            var c = context.Customers.Where(w => w.CustomerID == "FFFFF");
            var customer = c.FirstOrDefault();
            customer.CompanyName = "Microsoft";
            context.DeleteObject(customer);

发送给服务的数据是

DELETE /NorthwindService.svc/Customers('FFFFF') HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: Microsoft ADO.NET Data Services
Accept: application/atom+xml,application/xml
Accept-Charset: UTF-8
DataServiceVersion: 1.0;NetFx
MaxDataServiceVersion: 1.0;NetFx
Content-Type: application/atom+xml
Host: localhost:1000
Content-Length: 0

发送给数据库服务器的指令是

exec sp_executesql N'delete [dbo].[Customers]
where ([CustomerID] = @0)',N'@0 nchar(5)',@0=N'FFFFF'

得到的回复是

HTTP/1.1 204 No Content
Server: ASP.NET Development Server/9.0.0.0
Date: Tue, 09 Feb 2010 13:01:04 GMT
X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727
DataServiceVersion: 1.0;
Cache-Control: no-cache
Content-Length: 0
Connection: Close