本文详细介绍了如何整合Spring、SpringMVC和Mybatis（SSM）框架，从创建Maven项目开始，逐步配置Spring、Mybatis和SpringMVC的配置文件，包括数据库连接、Mapper接口与XML映射文件、Service与Controller的实现。同时，展示了CRUD操作的实现，包括BooksMapper接口、BooksMapper.xml、实体类Books和服务接口BooksService及其实现。最后，提供了对应的Controller层代码和四个页面的展示，包括index.jsp、allBook.jsp、addBook.jsp和updateBook.jsp，完成了一个完整的SSM框架下的图书管理系统的基础搭建。
mybatis + spring +mvc 整合步骤
第一步：环境搭建
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创建一个maven项目
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将项目添加Web框架支持
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项目结构如下
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在pom.xml中导入所需要的依赖
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<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.18.12</version> </dependency> <!--Junit--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <!--数据库驱动--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.47</version> </dependency> <!--Servlet - JSP --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!--Mybatis--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>2.0.2</version> </dependency> <!--Spring--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies> -
配置spring+mybatis+mvc配置
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注意事项
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数据库连接对象的id名称 必须为 datasource
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!--spring-mybatis配置--> <!--开启spring注解,在此包下注入容器的注解就会生效--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.chen"/> <!--得到数据库连接对象，注意！！！ ID名称必须为datasource！！！！--> <bean id="datasource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <!--得到数据库名称--> <property name="username" value="root"/> <!--得到数据库密码--> <property name="password" value="root"/> <!--得到数据库驱动--> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <!--得到数据库，以及设置时区，还有字符编码--> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8"/> </bean> <!--得到sqlSessionFactory对象--> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <!--得到数据库连接对象--> <property name="dataSource" ref="datasource"/> <!--给实体类取别名--> <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.chen.pojo"/> <!--映射mapper.xml文件--> <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/chen/mapper/*.xml"/> </bean> <!--自动扫描mapper接口，自动映射xml文件中的方法--> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/> <property name="basePackage" value="com.chen.mapper"/> </bean> <!-- mvc 配置 --> <!-- 1.注解驱动--> <mvc:annotation-driven/> <!-- 2.静态资源过滤--> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> <!-- 3.视图解析器--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!--视图解析器会自动在WEB-INF/jsp目录下找您的jsp页面--> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> <!--给您的字符拼接jsp后缀--> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> </beans> -
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mvc配置web.xml
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注意事项：
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/ ：除了静态页面的请求都进入
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/* ：所有请求都进入
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springMvc配置文件，必须导入spring容器中，否则后期发起请求会调用不到业务层，报空指针错误。
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <!--对外访问路径 /是除了.jsp之外的请求，而/*是所有的请求都会进来。--> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <!--注意，此配置文件必须为总的配置文件。如果单独只有mvc配置文件，则无法使用。--> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!--启动顺序，设置和tomcat一起启动--> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <!--乱码过滤器--> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <!--由于此属性可以为空（在类中被设置了），所以不会提示，需要手敲--> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <!--字符编码--> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <!--设置为所有请求--> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>这样，ssm框架就搭建完成了！
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第二步：CRUD
BooksMapper.java
public interface BooksMapper {
//查询所有数据
List<Books> queryAllBooks();
//按书名查询书籍
List<Books> queryBook(@Param("bookName") String bookName);
//天加书籍
int addBook(Books books);
//删除书籍通过ID
void deleteBookById(@Param("id") int id);
//修改书籍
void updateBook(Books books);
//查询书籍通过id
Books queryBooksById(int id);
}BooksMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.chen.mapper.BooksMapper">
<!--查询全部Book-->
<select id="queryAllBooks" resultType="com.chen.pojo.Books">
SELECT * from books
</select>
<select id="queryBook" resultType="Books">
select * from books where bookName like concat('%',#{bookName},'%')
</select>
<select id="queryBooksById" resultType="Books">
select * from books where bookID=#{id}
</select>
<delete id="deleteBookById">
delete from books where bookID=#{id}
</delete>
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
insert into books(bookName,bookCounts,detail) values(#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})
</insert>
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
update books set bookName=#{bookName},bookCounts=#{bookCounts},detail=#{detail} where bookID=#{bookID}
</update>
</mapper>实体类
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
private int bookID;
private String bookName;
private int bookCounts;
private String detail;
}
在service中重写mapper接口中的方法
BooksService.java
public interface BooksService {
List<Books> queryAllBooks();
List<Books> queryBook(@Param("bookName") String bookName);
int addBook(Books books);
void deleteBookById(@Param("id") int id);
void updateBook(Books books);
Books queryBooksById(@Param("id") int id);
}写BooksService的实现类
BooksServiceImpl.java
在BooksServiceImpl中设置一个BooksMapper属性，使用自动注入的方式(这里也叫DI方式)，将BooksMapper的实现类注入进去（此教程没写BooksMapper的实现类，因为MapperScannerConfigurer会自动配置注入容器），再利用booksMapper属性调用里面的方法返回结果集。
不明白BookMapper为什么可以注入实现类的的同学 去了解一下同源关系
@Service
public class BooksServiceImpl implements BooksService {
@Autowired
private BooksMapper booksMapper;
//di注入 此教程用的是注解实现。
public void setBooksMapper(BooksMapper booksMapper) {
this.booksMapper = booksMapper;
}
@Override
public List<Books> queryAllBooks() {
//调用booksmapper的查询所有方法并返回
return booksMapper.queryAllBooks();
}
@Override
public List<Books> queryBook(String bookName) {
return booksMapper.queryBook(bookName);
}
@Override
public int addBook(Books books) {
return booksMapper.addBook(books);
}
@Override
public void deleteBookById(int id) {
booksMapper.deleteBookById(id);
}
@Override
public void updateBook(Books books) {
booksMapper.updateBook(books);
}
@Override
public Books queryBooksById(int id) {
return booksMapper.queryBooksById(id);
}
}controller层实现，在controller层里面，在注入service，调用service的方法。（service是容器中拿到mapper的）
@Controller
//@RestController//加上这个注解会返回字符串，不会走视图解析器。
public class BooksController {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("booksServiceImpl")//conrtoller注入了service，service注入了mapper。这样做的原因是为了方便扩展功能，以及动态代理
/*
访问all
就会使bookService调用查询方法，然后返回结果集。
存入model
然后返回allBook，这个字符串会被视图解析器解析，最后会变成WEB—INF/jsp/allBook.jsp
*/
private BooksService booksService;
@RequestMapping("/all")
public String queryAllBook(Model model){
List<Books> list = booksService.queryAllBooks();
model.addAttribute("list",list);
return "allBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/queryBook")
public String queryBook(Model model,String bookName){
List<Books> list = booksService.queryBook(bookName);
model.addAttribute("list",list);
return "allBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddBook(){
return "addBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addBook(Books books){
int i = booksService.addBook(books);
return "redirect:/all";
}
@RequestMapping("/delBookById/{id}")
public String deleteBookById(@PathVariable("id") int id){
booksService.deleteBookById(id);
return "redirect:/all";
}
@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
public String toUpdateBook(int id,Model model){
Books books = booksService.queryBooksById(id);
model.addAttribute("QBooks",books);
return "updateBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updateBook(Books books){
booksService.updateBook(books);
return "redirect:/all";
}
}以下是四个页面
index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>$Title$</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/all">查看所有书籍</a>
</div>
</body>
</html>
allBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>书籍列表</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/all">显示全部书籍</a>
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/toAddBook">新增</a>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 column"></div>
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<%-- 查询功能--%>
<form class="form-inline" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/queryBook" method="post" style="float: right">
<input type="text" name="bookName" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入要查询的书籍名称"/>
<input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary">
<span style="color: red;font-weight: bold">${error}</span>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>书籍编号</th>
<th>书籍名字</th>
<th>书籍数量</th>
<th>书籍详情</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
<tr>
<td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
<td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
<td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
<td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/delBookById/${book.bookID}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>addBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>新增书籍</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>新增书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/addBook" method="post">
书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName" required><br><br><br>
书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts"required><br><br><br>
书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail"required`><br><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="添加">
</form>
</div>updateBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>修改信息</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>修改信息</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/updateBook" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${QBooks.bookID}"/>
书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${QBooks.bookName}"/>
书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${QBooks.bookCounts}"/>
书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail" value="${QBooks.detail}"/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</div>注意事项
导包问题：web项目，需要在项目结构中创建lib目录然后导入所需的资源包，点击+，第一个可以添加包
数据库文件：
CREATE DATABASE ssmbuild;
USE ssmbuild;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS books;
CREATE TABLE books ( bookID INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id', bookName VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名', bookCounts INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量', detail VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述', KEY bookID (bookID) ) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
SELECT * FROM books
使用规则：
直接复制下来所有代码，按照截图的结构将代码粘贴上去即可。
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