增加字段
alter table user add email varchar(100);
alter table user add hobby varchar(100) default '' not null;
修改字段类型、长度、默认值
alter table user modify email int;
alter table user modify email int(4);
alter table user modify email varchar(50);
alter table user modify email int(4) default 0;
默认值
alter table user modify email varchar(100) default null;
alter table user modify email varchar(100) default '';
添加注释
alter table user modify email varchar(50) default '' not null comment '电子邮件';
指定在某个字段的后面
alter table user add email varchar(100) after id;
调整字段位置
alter table user modify email varchar(100) after sex;
删除字段
alter table user drop column email;
重命名列
alter table user change email email2 varchar(100);
alter table user change email2 email varchar(100) not null default '' comment 'email';
重命名表
alter table user2 rename user;
加唯一限制
alter table user add unique uq_email(email);
删除唯一限制
alter table user drop index uq_email;
查看表的创建语句
show create table user;
增加外键,级联更新
alter table role_user
add constraint fk_user foreign Key (user_id)
references user (id) on update cascade on delete cascade;