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In the last five weeks. I was reading the “Effective Java”, which is a truly excellent book and I make some notes about it. I have been learning Java for nearly two years. However, I seldom think abou

Three:Class and Interfaces Item 13: Minimize the accessibility of classes and members The rule is simple: make each class or member as inaccessible as possible. This concept, knows as information

Four: Generics Item 23： Don’t use raw types in new code 1).If you use raw types, you lose all the safety and expressiveness benefits of generics; 2).You will lose type safety if you use a raw type l

Six:Methods Item 38: Check parameters for validity Most methods and constructors have some restrictions on what values may be passed into their parameters. And constructors represent a special cas

Eight: Exceptions Item 57: Use exceptions only for exceptional conditions Exceptions are, as their name implies, to be used only for exceptional conditions; they should never be used for ordinary