chapter09_保护Web应用_4_认证用户

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本文详细介绍了如何在Spring Security中配置自定义登录页、启用HttpBasic认证、Remember-me功能及退出登录设置，包括配置代码示例和HTML模板。

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添加自定义的登录页

(1) 示例

  <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
        xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
  
  ...

  <div id="content">

      <a th:href="@{/spitter/register}">
          Register
      </a>
      <br/>
      <br/>

      <form name='f' th:action='@{/login}' method='POST'>
          <table align="center">
              <tr>
                  <td>User:</td>
                  <td>
                      <input type='text' name='username' value=''/>
                  </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                  <td>Password:</td>
                  <td>
                      <input type='password' name='password'/>
                  </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                  <td colspan='2'>
                      <input id="remember_me" name="remember-me" type="checkbox"/>
                      <label for="remember_me" class="inline">Remember me</label>
                  </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                  <td colspan='2'>
                      <input name="submit" type="submit" value="Login"/>
                  </td>
              </tr>
          </table>
      </form>
  </div>

  ...
  </html>

SecurityConfig.java

  @Configuration
  @EnableWebMvcSecurity
  public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

      @Override
      protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
  
          http
              .formLogin()
              .loginPage("/login")
              .and()
              .authorizeRequests()
              .antMatchers("/").authenticated()
              .antMatchers("/spitter/me").authenticated()
              .antMatchers(HttpMethod.POST, "/spittles").authenticated()
              .anyRequest().permitAll()
              .and()
              .requiresChannel()
              .anyRequest().requiresInsecure();
      }

      ...
  }

(2) 在configure(HttpSecurity)中调用formLogin()即可对登录页面进行各种配置；

loginPage()指定了登录页的视图名称，再由视图解析器解析到对应的视图中

(3) login.html中，表单form要提交到相对于上下文的 /login 页面上

启用Http Basic认证

示例

SecurityConfig.java

  @Configuration
  @EnableWebMvcSecurity
  public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

      @Override
      protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
  
          http
              .formLogin()
              .loginPage("/login")
              .and()
              .httpBasic()
              .realmName("Spittr")
              .and()
              .authorizeRequests()
              .antMatchers("/").authenticated()
              .antMatchers("/spitter/me").authenticated()
              .antMatchers(HttpMethod.POST, "/spittles").authenticated()
              .anyRequest().permitAll()
              .and()
              .requiresChannel()
              .anyRequest().requiresInsecure();
      }

      ...
  }

在configure(HttpSecurity)中添加 .httpBasic().realmName(“Spittr”) 即可开启Http Basic认证，同样使用and进行连接

启用Remember-me功能

(1) SpringSecurity使得添加Remember-me功能非常简单，直接在configure(HttpSecurity)中添加.rememberMe()即可

(2) 默认情况下，这个功能是通过在cookie中存储一个token完成的。这个token包含用户名、密码、过期时间和一个私钥，过期时间和私钥可以进行设置。写入cookie之前，这四个属性会经过MD5哈希

SecurityConfig.java

  @Configuration
  @EnableWebMvcSecurity
  public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

      @Override
      protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
  
          http
              .formLogin()
              .loginPage("/login")
              .and()
              .httpBasic()
              .realmName("Spittr")
              .and()
              .rememberMe()
              .tokenRepository(new InMemoryTokenRepositoryImpl())
              .tokenValiditySeconds(2419200)  //设置过期时间
              .key("spittrKey")               //设置私钥名称
              .and()
              .authorizeRequests()
              .antMatchers("/").authenticated()
              .antMatchers("/spitter/me").authenticated()
              .antMatchers(HttpMethod.POST, "/spittles").authenticated()
              .anyRequest().permitAll()
              .and()
              .requiresChannel()
              .anyRequest().requiresInsecure();
      }

      ...
  }

(4) 对应的，html中__必须包括一个名为remember-me的参数__与之对应

  <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
        xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
  
  ...

  <div id="content">

      <a th:href="@{/spitter/register}">
          Register
      </a>
      <br/>
      <br/>

      <form name='f' th:action='@{/login}' method='POST'>
          <table align="center">
              <tr>
                  <td>User:</td>
                  <td>
                      <input type='text' name='username' value=''/>
                  </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                  <td>Password:</td>
                  <td>
                      <input type='password' name='password'/>
                  </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                  <td colspan='2'>
                      <input id="remember_me" name="remember-me" type="checkbox"/>
                      <label for="remember_me" class="inline">Remember me</label>
                  </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                  <td colspan='2'>
                      <input name="submit" type="submit" value="Login"/>
                  </td>
              </tr>
          </table>
      </form>
  </div>

  ...
  </html>

退出

(1) 默认情况下，退出功能是SpringSecurity Filter实现的，这个Filter会拦截/logout的请求

(2) 退出的设置也是在 configure(HttpSecurity)方法中，调用logout()方法，同样使用and()连接不同的配置

SecurityConfig.java

  @Configuration
  @EnableWebMvcSecurity
  public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

      @Override
      protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
  
          http
              .formLogin()
              .loginPage("/login")
              .and()
              .httpBasic()
              .realmName("Spittr")
              .and()
              .rememberMe()
              .tokenRepository(new InMemoryTokenRepositoryImpl())
              .tokenValiditySeconds(2419200)  //设置过期时间
              .key("spittrKey")               //设置私钥名称
              .and()
              .logout()
              .logoutSuccessUrl("/")
              .logoutUrl("/logout")
              .and()
              .authorizeRequests()
              .antMatchers("/").authenticated()
              .antMatchers("/spitter/me").authenticated()
              .antMatchers(HttpMethod.POST, "/spittles").authenticated()
              .anyRequest().permitAll()
              .and()
              .requiresChannel()
              .anyRequest().requiresInsecure();
      }

      ...
  }

(3) logoutSuccessUrl用于设置退出登录后重定向的url；

logoutUrl用于设置Filter的拦截路径(默认拦截"/logout"的请求)