linux 解决.../bin/ld: cannot find -lxxx 问题+Segmentation fault (core dumped)

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最新推荐文章于 2024-01-15 13:13:22 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/cacyth/article/details/102845155

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本文介绍了在Linux环境下遇到/bin/ld: cannot find -lxxx错误和Segmentation fault (core dumped)问题的解决方法。重点在于理解如何正确设置C_INCLUDE_PATH和LD_LIBRARY_PATH，以及何时使用ln -s创建软链接来解决问题。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

(注意！在jupyer内直接!export PATH是无效的，应该是%env PATH)

我的报错情况是这样的：

wjn@xxx137:~/2018-daguan-competition/biGruModel/glove$ make
mkdir -p build
gcc src/glove.c -o build/glove -lm -pthread -Ofast -march=native -funroll-loops -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic
In file included from src/glove.c:25:0:
/home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/Cellar/gcc/5.5.0_4/lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/5.5.0/include/stdint.h:9:26: fatal error: stdint.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
make: *** [glove] Error 1

已经对上面的问题有经验了：碰到No such file or directory就意识到是某个系统变量需要重新export，参考我的另一篇（未公开）：《fatal error: libxml/parser.h: No such file or directory解决方法》，知道应该修改C_INCLUDE_PATH。首先执行locate stdint.h，发现不少包含stdint.h的路径，选择其中一条或几条加入——执行：

export C_INCLUDE_PATH=/home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/Cellar/gcc/5.5.0_4/lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/5.5.0/include:/home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/Cellar/gcc/5.5.0_4/include/c++/5.5.0:/home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/Cellar/glibc/2.23/include:/usr/include:/usr/local/include:$HOME/.local/include:$C_INCLUDE_PATH

为了保险起见上面的命令已经放到ssh.sh里了，每次打开会自动执行。

（这里还有一个可能要执行的，但是似乎不执行也可以，先不要执行：

export PATH=/home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/bin/gcc:$PATH

然后报错变成了：

wjn@xxx137:~/2018-daguan-competition/biGruModel/glove$ make
mkdir -p build
gcc src/glove.c -o build/glove -lm -pthread -Ofast -march=native -funroll-loops -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic
src/glove.c: In function 'save_params':
src/glove.c:249:57: warning: 'fgs' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Wmaybe-uninitialized]
                 for (b = 0; b < (vector_size + 1); b++) fprintf(fgs," %lf", gradsq[a * (vector_size
                                                         ^
/home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/bin/ld: cannot find -lm
/home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/bin/ld: cannot find -lpthread
/home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/bin/ld: cannot find -lc
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [glove] Error 1

终于进入正题了！这种错误也是有套路的！

如果报错是cannot find -lxxx，那么缺的文件就是libxxx.so。locate找一下：

wjn@xxx137:~/.linuxbrew/lib$ locate libpthread.so
/home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/Cellar/glibc/2.23/lib/libpthread.so
/home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/Cellar/glibc/2.23/lib/libpthread.so.0
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0
/lib32/libpthread.so.0
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so

如果选择把上面的路径放到export LD_LIBRARY_PATH里面，那么之后输入任何东西都会出现segmentation fault，所以不能这样做（为什么我还没搞明白）

换方法。缺什么补什么。报错的路径是/home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/bin，那么libxxx.so放的路径应该是/home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/lib！

执行：

ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so /home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/bin/libm.so
ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so /home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/bin/libpthread.so
ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so /home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/bin/libc.so

再次make，解决。其它的问题也是，如果能加入LD_LIBRARY_PATH就加，如果加了后报错Segmentation fault (core dumped)，就用ln -s 链接到 /home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/lib下（如ln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglib-2.0.so.0 /home/wangjiana/.linuxbrew/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0，注意这里是lib不是bin，和上面不同！注意再次使用locate查看是否链接成功）