使用vscode调试32单片机

个人小型纪录片：

        关键字：cmsis-dap,vscode软件调试32单片机

        应用设备：win11，stm32f103。

        使用软件：Vscode。

        目的：抛弃keil使用vscode。

        安装扩展：Crotex-Debug

        make工具链：MinGW

        编译程序工具链：gcc-arm-none-eabi。

        程序包：OpenOCD。

大量步骤与下面链接内容相同：不赘述，跳转到指导员，https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/pyt1234567890/article/details/122522700

 一、上述链接中的makefile内容添加：

        1、添加需要编译的C文件：

######################################
# source
######################################
# C sources
C_SOURCES =  \
Core/Src/main.c \
Core/Src/main_combine.c \
Core/Src/stm32f1xx_it.c \
//添加hal需要编译的C文件
Core/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_msp.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_adc.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_adc_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_dma.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_cortex.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_pwr.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_flash.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_flash_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_exti.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_i2c.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_rtc.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_rtc_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_tim.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_tim_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_uart.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_wwdg.c 
//添加用户新增的C文件 注意反斜杠

        2、添加需要编译的H文件： 

# C includes
C_INCLUDES =  \
//最小系统头文件
-ICore/Inc \
-IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc \
-IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy \
-IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include \
-IDrivers/CMSIS/Include
//用户头文件 注意反斜杠

 二、c_cpp_properties.json 文件内容

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Win32",
            //头文件路径
            "includePath": [
                // "${workspaceFolder}/**",
                "Core/Inc",
                "Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc",
                "Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy",
                "Drivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include",
                "Drivers/CMSIS/Include",
                "UserDrivers",
                "UserLib"
            ],
            //keil c++配置的宏定义
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "_UNICODE",
                "USE_HAL_DRIVER",
                "STM32F103xE"
            ],
            //编译的工具链地址
            "compilerPath": "C:\\Software_UserTool\\gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10\\bin\\arm-none-eabi-gcc",
            "cStandard": "c11",
            "cppStandard": "gnu++14",
            "intelliSenseMode": "windows-gcc-arm"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

 三、launch.json 文件内容

{
    // 使用 IntelliSense 了解相关属性。 
    // 悬停以查看现有属性的描述。
    // 欲了解更多信息，请访问: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "cwd": "",
            //编译后生成的elf文件位置
            "executable": "./build/TKCMainPlusVer001.elf",
            //debug窗口的名字
            "name": "Debug with OpenOCD",
            "request": "launch",
            "type": "cortex-debug",
            "servertype": "openocd",
            //"cmsis-dap.cfg","stm32f1x.cfg"需要放在项目的根目录
            "configFiles": [
                "cmsis-dap.cfg",
                "stm32f1x.cfg"
            ],
            //openOCD.exe位置
            "searchDir": [
                "C:\\Software_UserTool\\OpenOCD-20231002-0.12.0\\bin",
            ],
            "runToEntryPoint": "main",
            "showDevDebugOutput": "none"

            //Debug全速运行时变量数据动态显示
            "liveWatch": {
                "enabled": true,
                "samplesPerSecond": 4
            }
        }
    ]
}

 四、tasks.json 文件内容

{
    // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
    // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "build",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "make",
            "args": [
                "${relativeFile}"
            ],
            "group": "build"
        },
        {
            "label": "download",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "openocd",
            "args": [
                "-f",
                "cmsis-dap.cfg",
                "-f",
                "stm32f1x.cfg",
                "-c",
                "program build/TKCMainPlusVer001.elf verify reset exit"
            ],
            "group": "build"
        }
    ]
}

五、查看Debug全速运行时，变量的动态数据：

         1、Debug窗口，CORTEX LIVE WATCH选项栏激活：

                setting.json添加内容：

"cortex-debug.liveWatchRefreshRate": 250,
//填写自己存放的路径
"cortex-debug.armToolchainPath": "C:/Software_UserTool/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10/bin",

                launch.json添加内容：

"liveWatch": {
     "enabled": true,
     "samplesPerSecond": 4
}

         2、监视窗口变量查看操作

注意事项：

        1、debug时出现找不到文件，文件路径乱码，删掉build文件夹从新make，再进debug就好了，debug找的文件路径信息估计是从.o文件找的。因为旧文件不会被make，所以.o文件也是旧的，当修改项目名字，就会发生这种情况。

        2、make时出现make: Nothing to be done for 'all'.是因为程序未改动，所以才出现这种情况，如果改动程序的其中一个c或h文件，make将会输出编译的信息。修改项目名字时注意删掉builde文件夹再make一遍。

        3、vcpkg不需要安装。

        4、cmake不需要安装。

        5、clangd不需要安装，太高级了不好使。

        6、debug外设全速时不刷新，原因是全速时Crotex-Debug没有查外设地址，并且数据和SVD扩展没有联动。解决办法是使用Live Watch的指针间接寻址查看状态。