一.名词简介:
Quartz是一个完全由java编写的开源作业调度框架。Spring为创建Quartz的Scheduler、Trigger和JobDetail提供了便利的FactoryBean类,以便能够在 Spring 容器中享受注入的好处。此外Spring还提供了一些便利工具类直接将Spring中的Bean包装成合法的任务。Spring进一步降低了使用 Quartz的难度,能以更具Spring风格的方式使用Quartz。概括来说它提供了两方面的支持:
1)为Quartz的重要组件类提供更具Bean风格的扩展类;
2)提供创建Scheduler的BeanFactory类,方便在Spring环境下创建对应的组件对象,并结合Spring容器生命周期进行启动和停止的动作。
二。项目实践
情景一: 集群部署,持久化,动态创建schedule配置
1.spring-schedule.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans default-autowire="byName">
<bean id="GMTZone" class="java.util.TimeZone" factory-method="getTimeZone">
<constructor-arg value="GMT"/>
</bean>
<!--业务job生成工厂,该工厂注入了scheduleManager -->
<bean id="pharmaskyJobFactory" class="com.infowarelab.pharmasky.service.schedule.PharmaskyJobFactory"/>
<!--schedule管理器,用于动态添加,修改,删除schedule -->
<bean id="scheduleManager" class="com.infowarelab.pharmasky.service.schedule.ScheduleManager">
<property name="scheduler" ref="scheduleFactoryBean"/>
</bean>
<!--持久化,集群schedule工厂配置信息,实际可以在classpath下附加quartz.properties定义这些属性值 -->
<bean id="scheduleFactoryBean" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="quartzProperties">
<props>
<prop key="org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName">PharmaskyClusteredScheduler</prop>
<prop key="org.quartz.scheduler.instanceId">AUTO</prop>
<prop key="org.quartz.threadPool.class">org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool</prop>
<prop key="org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount">25</prop>
<prop key="org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority">5</prop>
<prop key="org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold">60000</prop>
<prop key="org.quartz.jobStore.class">org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX</prop>
<prop key="org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass">org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate</prop>
<prop key="org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix">QRTZ_</prop>
<prop key="org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered">true</prop>
<prop key="org.quartz.jobStore.clusterCheckinInterval">20000</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="triggers">
<list>
<ref local="orderConversionCronTrigger"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!--固定jobDetail, org.quartz.JobDetail类型的JobDetail必须实现指定接口方法来执行job-->
<bean id="autoOrderStatusConversionJob" class="org.quartz.JobDetail">
<property name="jobClass">
<value>com.infowarelab.pharmasky.service.schedule.job.HisAutoOrderConversionJob</value>
</property>
<property name="name" value="PMS-SYS-JOB-HIS-ORDER-CONVERSION"/>
<property name="group" value="PMS-GROUP"/>
<property name="requestsRecovery" value="true"/>
</bean>
<!--job触发器,绑定上面的jobDetail -->
<bean id="orderConversionCronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean">
<property name="beanName" value="PMS-SYS-JOB-HIS-ORDER-CONVERSION-Trigger"/>
<property name="jobDetail" ref="autoOrderStatusConversionJob" />
<property name="cronExpression" value="0 0/20 * * * ?" />
<property name="timeZone" ref="GMTZone"/>
</bean>
</beans>
2.ScheduleManager.java动态管理schedule工具类
ScheduleManager.java
package com.infowarelab.pharmasky.service.schedule;

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.quartz.CronTrigger;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.quartz.Trigger;

import com.infowarelab.common.log.Log;
import com.infowarelab.common.log.LogFactory;
import com.infowarelab.pharmasky.util.Config;



public class ScheduleManager
{

private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(ScheduleManager.class);

private Scheduler scheduler;


public void start() throws SchedulerException
{

if (scheduler == null)
{
scheduler = getScheduler();
}

if (scheduler.isShutdown() || scheduler.isInStandbyMode())
{
scheduler.start();
}
}


public void pause() throws SchedulerException
{

if (scheduler == null)
{
scheduler = getScheduler();
}

if (scheduler.isStarted())
{
scheduler.standby();
}
}


public void stop() throws SchedulerException
{

if (scheduler == null)
{
scheduler = getScheduler();
}

if (scheduler.isStarted() || scheduler.isInStandbyMode())
{
scheduler.shutdown();
}
}


public List listJobDetails() throws SchedulerException
{
List rstList = new ArrayList<JobDetail>();

if (scheduler == null)
{
scheduler = getScheduler();
}
String[] groupNames = scheduler.getJobGroupNames();
log.info("[INFO] the groups in current scheduler is : "
+ groupNames.length);

for (int i = 0; i < groupNames.length; i++)
{
String[] jobNames = scheduler.getJobNames(groupNames[i]);

for (int j = 0; j < jobNames.length; j++)
{
JobDetail jobDetail = scheduler.getJobDetail(jobNames[j],
groupNames[i]);

if (jobDetail != null)
{
rstList.add(jobDetail);
}
}
}
return rstList;
}

public JobDetail getJobDetail(String jobName, String jobGroupName)

throws SchedulerException
{

if (scheduler == null)
{
scheduler = getScheduler();
}
JobDetail job = scheduler.getJobDetail(jobName, jobGroupName);


if (job == null)
{
log.info("[INFO]none object relative the jobName : " + jobName
+ " and jobGroupName : " + jobGroupName);
}
return job;
}

public List<JobDetail> getJobDetailByGroup(String jobGroupName)

throws SchedulerException
{
List<JobDetail> list = new ArrayList<JobDetail>();

if (scheduler == null)
{
scheduler = getScheduler();
}
String[] jobNames = scheduler.getJobNames(jobGroupName);

log.debug("[DEBUG] jobNames with /"" + jobGroupName
+ "/" as groupName : " + jobNames);


for (int i = 0; i < jobNames.length; i++)
{
JobDetail jobDetail = getJobDetail(jobNames[i], jobGroupName);

if (jobDetail != null)
{
list.add(jobDetail);

} else
{
log
.debug("[DEBUG] JobDetail with {/""
+ jobNames[i]
+ "/" , /""
+ jobGroupName
+ "/"} as the jobName and jobGroupName can not be found !");
}
}
return list;
}

public boolean addJobDetail(JobDetail jobDetail, String cronExpress)

throws SchedulerException, ParseException
{

if (scheduler == null)
{
scheduler = getScheduler();
}

if (jobDetail != null && cronExpress != null)
{

Trigger trigger = new CronTrigger(jobDetail.getName(), jobDetail.getGroup(),
jobDetail.getName(), jobDetail.getGroup(), cronExpress);

Date jobDate = scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
log
.info("[INFO]jobDetail : "
+ jobDetail.getFullName()
+ " has been added into the scheduler , and the firstFiredTime is : "
+ jobDate);
return (jobDate == null) ? false : true;

} else
{
log
.info("[INFO]add jobDetail failure, the parameters on jobDetail or trigger has null value !");
}
return false;
}

public Trigger[] getJobTrigger(String jobName, String jobGroupName)

throws SchedulerException
{

if (scheduler == null)
{
scheduler = getScheduler();
}
return scheduler.getTriggersOfJob(jobName, jobGroupName);
}


public List<Trigger> listTrigger() throws SchedulerException
{
List<Trigger> triggerList = new ArrayList<Trigger>();

if (scheduler == null)
{
scheduler = getScheduler();
}
String[] triggerGroupNames = scheduler.getTriggerGroupNames();
log
.info("[INFO] the trigger groups amounts which is registed within the system is : "
+ triggerGroupNames.length);

for (String triggerGroupName : triggerGroupNames)
{

if (triggerGroupName != null)
{
String[] triggerNames = scheduler
.getTriggerNames(triggerGroupName);

for (String triggerName : triggerNames)
{
Trigger trigger = scheduler.getTrigger(triggerName,
triggerGroupName);
if (trigger != null
&& scheduler.getTriggerState(triggerName,

triggerGroupName) == Trigger.STATE_NORMAL)
{
triggerList.add(trigger);

} else
{
log.info("[INFO] the trigger : "
+ ((trigger == null) ? trigger.getFullName()
: " null") + ", not exists "
+ "or has the not normal status");
}
}
}
}
return triggerList;
}

public boolean reScheduleJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName,

String computedStr) throws SchedulerException, ParseException
{

if (scheduler == null)
{
scheduler = getScheduler();
}

Trigger newTrigger = new CronTrigger(jobName, jobGroupName, jobName,
jobGroupName, computedStr);

newTrigger.setJobName(jobName);
newTrigger.setJobGroup(jobGroupName);


Date triggerDate = scheduler.rescheduleJob(jobName, jobGroupName, newTrigger);
log.info("[INFO] the job " + jobName
+ " has been update to fired on : " + triggerDate);

return (triggerDate == null) ? false : true;
}


public String genScheduleTimeStr(byte type, Short
scheduleTimeParams)
{
String pattern = null; // variable for cron express

switch (type)
{
case 1:
// auto order creation job , the parameter turn is : weekInterval ,
// weekday, hour, minute
// "0 minute hour ? * weekDay/weekInterval"
pattern = Config
.getString("schedule.cron.express.his.order.creation");
log.info("[INFO] parttern for his order creation cron express : "
+ pattern);

for (int i = 0; i < scheduleTimeParams.length; i++)
{

switch (i)
{
case 0: // minute
pattern = StringUtils.replace(pattern, "minute",
scheduleTimeParams[0].toString());
break;
case 1: // hour
pattern = StringUtils.replace(pattern, "hour",
scheduleTimeParams[1].toString());
break;
case 2: // weekDay
pattern = StringUtils.replace(pattern, "weekDay",
getWeekIdentify(scheduleTimeParams[2]));
break;
case 3: // weekInterval
pattern = StringUtils.replace(pattern, "weekInterval",
scheduleTimeParams[3].toString());
break;
default:
break;
}
}
break;

case 2:
// his stock sync job , the parameter turn is : dayInterval, hour,
// minute
// "0 minute hour */dayInterval * ?"
pattern = Config.getString("schedule.cron.express.his.stock.sync");
log.info("[INFO] parttern for his order creation cron express : "
+ pattern);

for (int i = 0; i < scheduleTimeParams.length; i++)
{

switch (i)
{
case 0: // minute
pattern = StringUtils.replace(pattern, "minute",
scheduleTimeParams[0].toString());
break;
case 1: // hour
pattern = StringUtils.replace(pattern, "hour",
scheduleTimeParams[1].toString());
break;
case 2: // dayInterval
pattern = StringUtils.replace(pattern, "dayInterval",
scheduleTimeParams[2].toString());
break;
default:
break;
}
}
break;

default:
break;
}

log.info("[INFO] schedule job cron express is : " + pattern);
return (pattern == null) ? null : pattern.trim();
}


/** *//** ********************************************************************** */

/** *//** helper method or getters and setters * */

/** *//** ********************************************************************** */


/** *//**
* get the week day's identify like "SUN","MON" and so on. In this method
* the data "1" equals "SUN", so the "7" equals "SAT";
*
* @param short
* the numeric data for week day
* @return String the week day identify with correct numeric data
*/

private String getWeekIdentify(short weekDay)
{
String value = null;

switch (weekDay)
{
case 1:
value = "SUN";
break;
case 2:
value = "MON";
break;
case 3:
value = "TUE";
break;
case 4:
value = "WED";
break;
case 5:
value = "THU";
break;
case 6:
value = "FRI";
break;
case 7:
value = "SAT";
break;
default:
break;
}
return value;
}


public Scheduler getScheduler()
{
return scheduler;
}


public void setScheduler(Scheduler scheduler)
{
this.scheduler = scheduler;
}
}
情景二:单机部署,固定触发规则多个schedule,不用持久化
1.spring-schedule.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans default-autowire="byName">
<!-- Job Bean -->
<bean name="autoOrderAuditService" class="com.infowarelab.sam.service.job.AutoOrderAuditService"></bean>
<bean name="sendAuditedOrderService" class="com.infowarelab.sam.service.job.SendAuditedOrderService"></bean>
<!-- Job由于以上job bean具有相同的触发规则,所以统一集中在这个管理器执行-->
<bean id="timerJobManagerJob" class="com.infowarelab.sam.service.job.SamJobManager" autowire="no">
<property name="tasks">
<list>
<ref bean="autoOrderAuditService"/>
<ref bean="sendAuditedOrderService"/>
</list>
</property>
<property name="samBaseInfoService" ref="samBaseInfoService"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="timerJobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean" autowire="no">
<property name="targetObject" ref="timerJobManagerJob" />
<property name="targetMethod" value="jobExpires" />
</bean>
<bean id="timerCronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean" autowire="no">
<property name="jobDetail" ref="timerJobDetail" />
<property name="cronExpression">
<value>0 0/15 * * * ?</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean" autowire="no">
<property name="triggers">
<list>
<ref bean="timerCronTrigger" />
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
参考资料:
cronExpression表达式:
http://hi.baidu.com/the_space_of_programmer/blog/item/725759f78d383e27720eec80.html (cronExpression
quartz介绍:
http://hi.baidu.com/alliance_alex/blog/item/5c998d64241173f2f73654b0.html
集群及quartz配置说明:
http://hi.baidu.com/jiangyou001/blog/item/5196d990862d5789a977a4af.html
http://gocom.primeton.com/modules/newbb/forumtopic19180_9963_40.htm
PROPAGATION_RE