java使用post请求带参（放在body中）访问外部连接

原创已于 2022-09-28 11:18:53 修改 · 2.9k 阅读

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#java

于 2022-09-28 11:15:31 首次发布

本文介绍了一个Java实现的POST请求示例，通过HTTPClientUtil工具类发送带参的POST请求，并详细展示了如何构造请求头和请求体。

java使用post请求带参（放在body中）访问外部连接

package com.bxzn.bxgd.service.impl;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;





import com.bxzn.bxgd.util.yuntai.HTTPClientUtil;
import com.bxzn.bxgd.util.yuntai.HttpsClientUtil;


import netscape.javascript.JSObject;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import java.io.*;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;


                JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
                jsonObject.put("create_time", checkLog.getCreateTime());
                jsonObject.put("camera_loc", checkLog.getCameraLoc());
                jsonObject.put("state", checkLog.getState());
                jsonObject.put("type", checkLog.getType());
                jsonObject.put("attach_file", checkLog.getAttachFile());
                jsonObject.put("level", checkLog.getLevel());
                HTTPClientUtil.sendPost(urls, null, JSON.toJSONString(jsonObject));

HTTPClientUtil类

package com.bxzn.bxgd.util.yuntai;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.bxzn.bxgd.util.socket.WebSocket;
import com.bxzn.bxgd.util.socket.WssSocket;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.DeleteMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PutMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.UsernamePasswordCredentials;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.auth.AuthScope;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.JpaProperties;

import javax.sound.sampled.*;
import javax.sql.rowset.serial.SerialBlob;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.sql.Blob;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

/**
 * 和云台进行http的连接
 *
 * @author xxy
 */
public class HTTPClientUtil {

    /**
     * 编码格式。发送编码格式统一用UTF-8
     */
    private static final String ENCODING = "UTF-8";
    /**
     * 设置连接超时时间，单位毫秒。
     */
    private static final Integer CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 6000;

    /**
     * 请求获取数据的超时时间(即响应时间)，单位毫秒。
     */
    private static final Integer SOCKET_TIMEOUT = 6000;


    /**
     * @param url  请求地址
     * @param data 只支持JSON对象（com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject）
     * @return String
     * @Title:POST请求
     * @Decription:发送POST请求，data参数只支持JSON对象（com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject）
     */
    public static String sendPost(String url, Map<String, String> header, JSONObject data) throws IOException {
        // 设置默认请求头
        Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<>();
        if (header != null) {
            headers = header;
        } else {
            headers.put("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");
        }
        return doPostByJSON(url, headers, data, ENCODING);
    }

    /**
     * @param url  请求地址
     * @param data 只支持JSON对象（com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject）
     * @return String
     * @Title:POST请求
     * @Decription:发送POST请求，data参数只支持JSON对象（com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject）
     */
    public static String sendPost(String url, Map<String, String> header, String data) throws IOException {
        // 设置默认请求头
        Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<>();
        if (header != null) {
            headers = header;
        } else {
            headers.put("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");
        }
        return doPostByJSON(url, headers, JSONObject.parseObject(data), ENCODING);
    }

    /**
     * @param url     请求地址
     * @param headers Map集合的请求头参数
     * @param params  Map集合(输入参数为JSON对象)
     * @return String
     * @Title POST请求（默认编码：UTF-8）
     */
    public static String sendPost(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, String> params) throws IOException {
        // 将map转成json
        JSONObject data = JSONObject.parseObject(JSON.toJSONString(params));
        return doPostByJSON(url, headers, data, ENCODING);
    }

    /**
     * @param url      请求地址
     * @param headers  请求头
     * @param data     请求实体
     * @param encoding 字符集
     * @return String
     * @throws IOException
     * @Title: sendPost
     * @Description: TODO(发送post请求)
     */
    private static String doPostByJSON(String url, Map<String, String> headers, JSONObject data, String encoding) throws IOException {
        // 请求返回结果
        String resultJson = null;
        // 创建Client
        CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
        // 发送请求,返回响应对象
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        // 创建HttpPost对象
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost();

        /**
         * setConnectTimeout：设置连接超时时间，单位毫秒。
         * setConnectionRequestTimeout：设置从connect Manager(连接池)获取Connection
         * 超时时间，单位毫秒。这个属性是新加的属性，因为目前版本是可以共享连接池的。
         * setSocketTimeout：请求获取数据的超时时间(即响应时间)，单位毫秒。
         * 如果访问一个接口，多少时间内无法返回数据，就直接放弃此次调用。
         */
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT).setSocketTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT).build();
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);

        try {
            // 设置请求地址
            httpPost.setURI(new URI(url));
            // 设置请求头
            packageHeader(headers, httpPost);

            // 设置实体
            httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(JSON.toJSONString(data), encoding));
//            httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");


            // 发送请求,返回响应对象
            response = client.execute(httpPost);
            // 获取响应状态
            int status = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

            if (status != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                System.out.println("响应失败，状态码：" + status);
            }
            // 获取响应结果
            resultJson = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), encoding);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            release(response, client);
        }
        return resultJson;
    }

    /**
     * Description: 封装请求头
     *
     * @param params
     * @param httpMethod
     */
    public static void packageHeader(Map<String, String> params, HttpRequestBase httpMethod) {
        // 封装请求头
        if (params != null) {
            Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> entrySet = params.entrySet();
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet) {
                // 设置到请求头到HttpRequestBase对象中
                httpMethod.setHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Description: 释放资源
     *
     * @param httpResponse
     * @param httpClient
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void release(CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse, CloseableHttpClient httpClient) throws IOException {
        // 释放资源
        if (httpResponse != null) {
            httpResponse.close();
        }
        if (httpClient != null) {
            httpClient.close();
        }
    }
}