Use of Explicit keyword

最新推荐文章于 2020-03-04 11:49:44 发布

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本文介绍了C++中类构造函数的类型转换。可使用单参数构造函数进行类型转换，这种构造函数被称为“转换构造函数”。但隐式转换可能造成混淆，可使用“explicit”关键字禁用，使构造函数变为“非转换”的，需显式使用构造函数语法。

In C++ it is possible to declare constructors for a class, taking a single parameter, and use those
constructors for doing type conversion. For example:
class A {
public:
         A(int);
};
void f(A) {}
void g()
{
        A a1 = 37;
        A a2 = A(47);
        A a3(57);
        a1 = 67;
        f(77);
}
A declaration like:
        A a1 = 37;
says to call the A(int) constructor to create an A object from the integer value. Such a
constructor is called a "converting constructor".
However, this type of implicit conversion can be confusing, and there is a way of disabling it,
using a new keyword "explicit" in the constructor declaration:
class A {
public:
        explicit A(int);
};
void f(A) {}
void g()
{
        A a1 = 37; // illegal
        A a2 = A(47); // OK
        A a3(57); // OK
        a1 = 67; // illegal
        f(77); // illegal
}
Using the explicit keyword, a constructor is declared to be
"nonconverting", and explicit constructor syntax is required:
class A {
public:
        explicit A(int);
};
void f(A) {}
void g()
{
        A a1 = A(37);
        A a2 = A(47);
        A a3(57);
        a1 = A(67);
        f(A(77));
}
Note that an expression such as:
        A(47)
is closely related to function-style casts supported by C++. For example:
double d = 12.34;
int i = int(d);

Reference from : http://www.glenmccl.com/expl_cmp.htm