Spring邮件发送（可带附件，模板，群发，异步发送等功能）-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/alvinchen1010/article/details/84020161

博客分类： JavaEE

以下是我对spring发送邮件的总结：
分别使用了两种方法：单例模式和属性全注入的方法。
发送模式又分为：单发，群发。
可发送：text，html模板，附件等。
1、单例模式（单发，群发text）
在classpath底下新建application-mail.xml，内容如下：
Xml代码：

Java代码

<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="mailSender"
class = "org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl" >
<property name="host" >
<value>smtp.163 .com</value>
</property>
<property name="javaMailProperties" >
<props>
<prop key="mail.smtp.auth" > true </prop>
<prop key="mail.smtp.timeout" > 25000 </prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="username" >
<value>username@163 .com</value>
</property>
<property name="password" >
<value>password</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>

或者把以上的Beans配置到applicaiont.xml里面也可以。
发送text格式的Email类：

Java代码

/
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
public class EmailUtil {
private static EmailUtil emailUtil = null ;
public ApplicationContext ctx = null ;
private EmailUtil() {
//获取上下文
ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "applicationContext-mail.xml" );
}
/**
*
* @function:获得单例
*/
public static EmailUtil getInstance()
{
if (emailUtil== null )
{
synchronized (EmailUtil. class )
{
if (emailUtil== null ) {
emailUtil = new EmailUtil();
}
}
}
return emailUtil;
}
public void sentEmails(String emails,String subject,String text)
{
//获取JavaMailSender bean
JavaMailSender sender = (JavaMailSender) ctx.getBean("mailSender" );
//SimpleMailMessage只能用来发送text格式的邮件
SimpleMailMessage mail = new SimpleMailMessage();
String email[] = emails.split(";" );
for ( int i= 0 ;i<email.length;i++) {
try {
mail.setTo(email[i]);//接受者
mail.setFrom("username@163.com" );
mail.setSubject(subject);//主题
mail.setText(text);//邮件内容
sender.send(mail);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* @function:测试邮件发送
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
String mail_title = "注册成功" ;
String mail_content = "恭喜!您已经注册成功.<BR>欢迎使用本网站,主页地址:<a href='http://www.baidu.com'/>" ;
EmailUtil email = EmailUtil.getInstance();
email.sentEmails("username@163.com" ,mail_title,mail_content);
}
}

2.属性全注入的方法（单发，群发html模板）
FreeMarker是一个被广泛使用的模板框架，Spring可以很好的支持该框架。Spring为FreeMarker提供了一个 FreeMarkerConfigurer类，通过此类可方便地创建FreeMarker的基础环境，Spring提供 FreeMarkerTemplateUtils工具类来完成解析模板的任务。下面以用户注册成功后发送的模板文件 registerUser.ftl,${content}标签代表一个可被替换的动态属性。FreeMarker模板的标签支持级联属性，如${user.id}则表示user对象的id属性。在配置文件中已设置好模板目录，所以可在类中直接用模板文件名来定位模板文件。模板文件用UTF- 8编码格式，避免中文乱码。通过设置template_update_delay属性，可让FreeMarker定期刷新模板，从而使应用程序在不重启下更新模板。

Html代码

< html >
< head >
< meta http-equiv = "content-type" content = "text/html;charset=utf8" >
</ head >
< body >
恭喜您成功注册！您的用户名为：< font color = 'red' size = '30' > ${content} </ font >
</ body >
</ html >

Xml代码

<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
< bean id = "mailSender"
class = "org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl" >
< property name = "host" >
< value > smtp.163.com </ value >
</ property >
< property name = "javaMailProperties" >
< props >
< prop key = "mail.smtp.auth" > true </ prop >
< prop key = "mail.smtp.timeout" > 25000 </ prop >
</ props >
</ property >
< property name = "username" >
< value > username@163.com </ value >
</ property >
< property name = "password" >
< value > password </ value >
</ property >
</ bean >
</ beans >
< bean id = "freeMarker" class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer" >
< property name = "templateLoaderPath" value = "classpath:mailTemplate" />
< property name = "freemarkerSettings" >
< props >
< prop key = "template_update_delay" > 1800 </ prop >
< prop key = "default_encoding" > UTF-8 </ prop >
< prop key = "locale" > zh_CN </ prop >
</ props >
</ property >
</ bean >
< bean id = "emailService" class = "EmailService" >
< property name = "sender" ref = "mailSender" > </ property >
< property name = "freeMarkerConfigurer" ref = "freeMarker" > </ property >
</ bean >
</ beans >

Java代码

import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.ui.freemarker.*;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.*;
import freemarker.template.*;
public abstract class EmailAbstract {
protected String from;
protected String subject;
protected JavaMailSender sender;
protected FreeMarkerConfigurer freeMarkerConfigurer= null ; //FreeMarker的技术类
public String getFrom() {
return from;
}
public void setFrom(String from) {
this .from = from;
}
public String getSubject() {
return subject;
}
public void setSubject(String subject) {
this .subject = subject;
}
public JavaMailSender getSender() {
return sender;
}
public void setSender(JavaMailSender sender) {
this .sender = sender;
}
public void setFreeMarkerConfigurer(FreeMarkerConfigurer freeMarkerConfigurer) {
this .freeMarkerConfigurer = freeMarkerConfigurer;
}
/**
* 发送单个html格式邮件
*/
public abstract void sendEmail(String content,String address);
/**
* 批量发送html格式邮件
*/
public abstract void sendBatchEmail(String content,List<String> address);
}

Java代码

import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.ui.freemarker.*;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.*;
import freemarker.template.*;
public class EmailService extends EmailAbstract {
/**
* 发送带模板的单个html格式邮件
*/
public void sendMessage(String content,String address) throws MessagingException {
MimeMessage msg = sender.createMimeMessage();
//设置utf-8或GBK编码，否则邮件会有乱码，true表示为multipart邮件
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(msg, true , "utf-8" );
helper.setTo(address); //邮件接收地址
helper.setFrom(from); //邮件发送地址,这里必须和xml里的邮件地址相同一致
helper.setSubject(subject); //主题
String htmlText = getMailText(content); //使用模板生成html邮件内容
helper.setText(htmlText, true ); //邮件内容，注意加参数true，表示启用html格式
sender.send(msg); //发送邮件
}
/**
* 批量发送带附件的html格式邮件
*/
public void sendBatchEmail(String content,List<String> address) throws MessagingException {
MimeMessage msg = sender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(msg, true , "utf-8" );
String toList = getMailList(address);
InternetAddress[] iaToList = new InternetAddress().parse(toList);
msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO,iaToList);
helper.setFrom(from);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(content, true );
//添加内嵌文件，第1个参数为cid标识这个文件,第2个参数为资源
helper.addInline("a" , new File( "E:/logo_a.jpg" )); //附件内容
helper.addInline("b" , new File( "E:/logo_b.png" ));
File file=new File( "E:/测试中文文件.rar" );
// 这里的方法调用和插入图片是不同的，使用MimeUtility.encodeWord()来解决附件名称的中文问题
helper.addAttachment(MimeUtility.encodeWord(file.getName()), file);
//如果主题出现乱码，可以使用该函数，也可以使用下面的函数
//helper.setSubject(MimeUtility.encodeText(String text,String charset,String encoding))
//第2个参数表示字符集，第三个为目标编码格式。
//MimeUtility.encodeWord(String word,String charset,String encoding)
sender.send(msg);
}
/**
* 集合转换字符串
*/
public String getMailList(List<String> to){
StringBuffer toList = new StringBuffer();
int length = to.size();
if (to!= null && length < 2 ){
toList.append(to.get(0 ));
}else {
for ( int i= 0 ;i<length;i++){
toList.append(to.get(i));
if (i!=(length- 1 )){
toList.append("," );
}
}
}
return toList.toString();
}
//通过模板构造邮件内容，参数content将替换模板文件中的${content}标签。
private String getMailText(String content) throws Exception {
String htmlText = "" ;
//通过指定模板名获取FreeMarker模板实例
Template tpl = freeMarkerConfigurer.getConfiguration().getTemplate("registerUser.ftl" );
Map map = new HashMap(); //FreeMarker通过Map传递动态数据
map.put("content" ,content); //注意动态数据的key和模板标签中指定的属性相匹配
//解析模板并替换动态数据，最终content将替换模板文件中的${content}标签。
htmlText = FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(tpl,map);
return htmlText;
}
}