本教程详细介绍了如何使用Java、JSP、JSTL、JDBC、MySQL和MyBatis创建一个简单的Web应用程序，实现用户集合的CRUD操作。通过NetBeans IDE和Maven创建项目，涉及数据库设计、模型类、DAO层、JSP页面的编写，并提供了完整的代码示例。
在本 Java 教程中，我们将帮助您了解编写基本 Java Web 应用程序的过程，该应用程序管理具有基本功能的用户集合：列表、插入、更新、删除（或 CURD 操作 - 创建、更新、读取和删除）。该应用程序看起来像这样：
您将学习如何使用以下技术构建此应用程序：
- Java 服务器页面 (JSP)
- JSP 标准标签库 (JSTL)
- Java 数据库连接 (JDBC)
- MySQL数据库
- Apache Tomcat 服务器
我们使用 NetBeans IDE 和 Maven 来开发项目。
1. 创建 MySQL 数据库
为简单起见，我们只有一张桌子。执行以下 MySQL 脚本以创建名为test的数据库和名为register的表：
CREATE DATABASE `test`;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `user` (
`id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`password` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`email` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`sex` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`country` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB ;
INSERT INTO `user` (`id`, `name`, `password`, `email`, `sex`, `country`) VALUES
(17, 'arun', 'kumar', 'arun@gmail.com', 'Male', 'India'),
(19, 'sonoo', 'jaiswal', 'sonoo@javatpoint.com', 'male', 'India'),
(20, 'Ashok', 'ashok', 'ashok@javatpoint.com', 'male', 'India');
您可以使用 MySQL 命令行客户端或 MySQL Workbench 工具来创建数据库。
2. 创建新的 Java Web maven应用程序项目
要创建新的 Java Web 应用程序项目，只需打开 Netbeans IDE，然后打开 File -> New Project。然后在 Categories 列中选择 Java with Maven，在 Projects 列中选择 Web Application。然后点击下一步。
给你的项目起个名字，我的是“SimpleWebApp”。将另一个字段保留为默认值。然后点击下一步。
为服务器和设置中的所有字段保留默认值，然后单击完成。
这将创建新的 java web 应用程序，其中包含用于构建 java web 应用程序的核心元素。
创建 Maven POM 文件需要输入信息，例如组 ID、工件 ID 等。然后在pom.xml 文件中添加以下依赖项：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatisjspcrud</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>mybatisjspcrud</name>
<properties>
<endorsed.dir>${project.build.directory}/endorsed</endorsed.dir>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.28</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.9</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
<compilerArguments>
<endorseddirs>${endorsed.dir}</endorseddirs>
</compilerArguments>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3</version>
<configuration>
<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>validate</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>${endorsed.dir}</outputDirectory>
<silent>true</silent>
<artifactItems>
<artifactItem>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-endorsed-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
<type>jar</type>
</artifactItem>
</artifactItems>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
如您所见，这里的依赖项是针对 Servlet、JSP、JSTL 和 MySQL 连接器 Java（MySQL 的 JDBC 驱动程序）。
3. 编写模型类
接下来，使用以下代码创建一个名为User.java的 Java 类来对数据库中的User实体进行建模：
package com.javatpoint.bean;
public class User {
private int id;
private String name, password, email, sex, country;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String getCountry() {
return country;
}
public void setCountry(String country) {
this.country = country;
}
}
如您所见，该类根据数据库中表book中的 6列有 6个字段：id、name、password, email, sex和 country。
4.编码DAO类
接下来，我们需要实现一个数据访问层 (DAO) 类，该类为数据库中的表user提供 CRUD（创建、读取、更新、删除）操作。这是UserDAO类的完整源代码：
package com.javatpoint.dao;
import java.util.List;
import com.javatpoint.bean.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
public class UserDao {
public static int save(User user) {
int status = 0;
SqlSession session = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory factory = ServiceLocator.getSessionFactory();
session = factory.openSession();
status = session.insert("insertUser", user);
session.commit();
} finally {
if (session != null) {
session.close();
}
}
return status;
}
public static int update(User user) {
int status = 0;
SqlSession session = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory factory = ServiceLocator.getSessionFactory();
session = factory.openSession();
session.update("updateUser", user);
session.commit();
} finally {
if (session != null) {
session.close();
}
}
return status;
}
public static int delete(User user) {
int status = 0;
SqlSession session = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory factory = ServiceLocator.getSessionFactory();
session = factory.openSession();
session.delete("deleteById", user.getId());
session.commit();
} finally {
if (session != null) {
session.close();
}
}
return status;
}
public static List<User> getAllRecords() {
SqlSession session = null;
List<User> retrieveList = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory factory = ServiceLocator.getSessionFactory();
session = factory.openSession();
retrieveList = session.selectList("selectAllUsers");
} finally {
if (session != null) {
session.close();
}
}
return retrieveList;
}
public static User getRecordById(int id) {
SqlSession session = null;
User user = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory factory = ServiceLocator.getSessionFactory();
session = factory.openSession();
user = session.selectOne("selectUser", id);
} finally {
if (session != null) {
session.close();
}
}
return user;
}
}
ServiceLocator.java
package com.javatpoint.dao;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
public class ServiceLocator {
public static SqlSessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
InputStream inputStream = null;
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = null;
try {
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
} catch (IOException ex) {
Logger.getLogger(ServiceLocator.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
} finally {
try {
if (inputStream != null) {
inputStream.close();
}
} catch (IOException ex) {
Logger.getLogger(ServiceLocator.class.getName()).log(Level.WARNING, null, ex);
}
}
return sqlSessionFactory;
}
}
如您所见，MyBatis连接信息是通过服务类静态方法提供的。以下方法适用于 CRUD 操作：
mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias alias="User" type="com.javatpoint.bean.User"/>
</typeAliases>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="UserMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>UserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.javatpoint">
<select id="selectAllUsers" resultType="User">
select * from register
</select>
<select id="selectUser" parameterType="int" resultType="User">
select * from register where id = #{id}
</select>
<insert id="insertUser" parameterType="User" statementType="PREPARED" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id" keyColumn="id">
INSERT INTO register(name,password,email,sex,country) VALUES
(#{name}, #{password}, #{email}, #{sex}, #{country})
</insert>
<update id = "updateUser" parameterType = "User">
UPDATE register SET name = #{name},
password = #{password},
email = #{email},
sex = #{sex},
country = #{country}
WHERE id = #{id};
</update>
<delete id = "deleteById" parameterType = "int">
DELETE from register WHERE id = #{id};
</delete>
</mapper>5.编写JSP页面
接下来，创建 JSP 页面来显示数据库中的所有书籍。以下是项目中WebContent目录下jsp页面的代码：
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="adduserform.jsp">Add User</a>
<a href="viewusers.jsp">View Users</a>
</body>
</html>adduserform.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Add User Form</title>
</head>
<body>
<jsp:include page="userform.html"></jsp:include>
</body>
</html>userform.html
<a href="viewusers.jsp">View All Records</a>
<br />
<h1>Add New User</h1>
<form action="adduser.jsp" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>Name:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="name" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Password:</td>
<td><input type="password" name="password" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Email:</td>
<td><input type="email" name="email" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sex:</td>
<td><input type="radio" name="sex" value="male" />Male <input
type="radio" name="sex" value="female" />Female</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Country:</td>
<td><select name="country" style="width: 155px">
<option>India</option>
<option>Pakistan</option>
<option>Afghanistan</option>
<option>Berma</option>
<option>Other</option>
</select></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="Add User" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>adduser.jsp
<%@page import="com.javatpoint.dao.UserDao"%>
<jsp:useBean id="u" class="com.javatpoint.bean.User"></jsp:useBean>
<jsp:setProperty property="*" name="u" />
<%
int i = UserDao.save(u);
if (i > 0) {
response.sendRedirect("adduser-success.jsp");
} else {
response.sendRedirect("adduser-error.jsp");
}
%>adduser-success.jsp
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Add User Success</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>Record successfully saved!</p>
<jsp:include page="userform.html"></jsp:include>
</body>
</html>adduser-error.jsp
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Add User Success</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>Sorry, an error occured!</p>
<jsp:include page="userform.html"></jsp:include>
</body>
</html>viewusers.jsp
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>View Users</title>
</head>
<body>
<%@page
import="com.javatpoint.dao.UserDao,com.javatpoint.bean.*,java.util.*"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<h1>Users List</h1>
<%
List<User> list = UserDao.getAllRecords();
request.setAttribute("list", list);
%>
<table border="1" width="90%">
<tr>
<th>Id</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Password</th>
<th>Email</th>
<th>Sex</th>
<th>Country</th>
<th>Edit</th>
<th>Delete</th>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${list}" var="u">
<tr>
<td>${u.getId()}</td>
<td>${u.getName()}</td>
<td>${u.getPassword()}</td>
<td>${u.getEmail()}</td>
<td>${u.getSex()}</td>
<td>${u.getCountry()}</td>
<td><a href="editform.jsp?id=${u.getId()}">Edit</a></td>
<td><a href="deleteuser.jsp?id=${u.getId()}">Delete</a></td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
<br />
<a href="adduserform.jsp">Add New User</a>
</body>
</html>editform.jsp
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Edit Form</title>
</head>
<body>
<%@page import="com.javatpoint.dao.UserDao,com.javatpoint.bean.User"%>
<%
String id = request.getParameter("id");
User u = UserDao.getRecordById(Integer.parseInt(id));
%>
<h1>Edit Form</h1>
<form action="edituser.jsp" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="id" value="<%=u.getId()%>" />
<table>
<tr>
<td>Name:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="name" value="<%=u.getName()%>" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Password:</td>
<td><input type="password" name="password"
value="<%=u.getPassword()%>" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Email:</td>
<td><input type="email" name="email" value="<%=u.getEmail()%>" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sex:</td>
<td><input type="radio" name="sex" value="male" />Male <input
type="radio" name="sex" value="female" />Female</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Country:</td>
<td><select name="country">
<option>India</option>
<option>Pakistan</option>
<option>Afghanistan</option>
<option>Berma</option>
<option>Other</option>
</select></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="Edit User" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>edituser.jsp
<%@page import="com.javatpoint.dao.UserDao"%>
<jsp:useBean id="u" class="com.javatpoint.bean.User"></jsp:useBean>
<jsp:setProperty property="*" name="u" />
<%
int i = UserDao.update(u);
response.sendRedirect("viewusers.jsp");
%>deleteuser.jsp
<%@page import="com.javatpoint.dao.UserDao"%>
<jsp:useBean id="u" class="com.javatpoint.bean.User"></jsp:useBean>
<jsp:setProperty property="*" name="u" />
<%
UserDao.delete(u);
response.sendRedirect("viewusers.jsp");
%>6. 部署和测试应用程序
至此我们已经完成了项目的代码。是时候部署和测试应用程序以了解它是如何工作的了。如果您不知道如何在 Eclipse 中添加 Apache Tomcat 服务器，请遵循本教程。
在 Web 浏览器中键入以下 URL 以访问 UserReg应用程序：
http://localhost:8080/UserReg
输出
https://github.com/allwaysoft/MyBatis-JSP-CRUD-MySQL
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