修改表字段，column to be modified must be empty

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-19 17:08:09 发布
转载 最新推荐文章于 2023-07-19 17:08:09 发布 · 1.8k 阅读 · 0 ·
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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/jianghaidong/p/6497535.html
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#数据库 #开发工具

本文详细介绍了在Oracle数据库中如何安全地修改表字段的数据类型，包括添加临时列、转移数据、清空原字段、修改字段类型、恢复数据及删除临时列的完整步骤。

alter table pos_jthmx add tmp_col varchar2(3999);-- 添加临时列

update pos_jthmx set tmp_col = SPBH ; --将目标字段中数据加入到临时列中

update pos_jthmx set SPBH = null; --将目标字段数据清空

alter table pos_jthmx modify (SPBH VARCHAR2(50)); --更改目标字段类型

update pos_jthmx set SPBH = tmp_col; --将临时列数据加回到目标字段中

alter table pos_jthmx drop column tmp_col; --清除临时列

 

 

 

 

 

转自：http://yongzhi00.iteye.com/blog/1187855

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/jianghaidong/p/6497535.html

allen_chao2015
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class Image { public: friend class Internal; /// <summary> /// The empty or "NULL" constructor for an <c>Atil::Image</c>. /// </summary> /// /// <remarks> /// An instance of an image created through this constructor is intended only to facilitate /// the later assignment of a valid image. The instance created through this constructor has /// no internal data that can be returned. Attempting access any data from a "NULL" image will /// result in an exception. /// </remarks> Image (); /// <summary> /// The clone constructor of the Image class allows the construction of a new instance based /// on an existing instance. /// </summary> /// /// <param name= 'image'> /// A const reference to the image to be copied. /// </param> /// /// <exception cref="ImageConstructionException">Thrown when the image can /// not be cloned <see cref="ImageConstructionException"/>. /// </exception> /// /// <remarks> /// ATIL implements the Image class with a "letter - envelope" or "Bridge" /// design pattern. See "Design Patterns, ISBN 0-201-63361-2". /// </remarks> /// Image (const Image & image); /// <summary> /// The blank image constructor for an <c>Image</c>. /// </summary> /// /// <param name='size'>The size of the image to be created.</param> /// /// <param name='colorspace'>The DataModel of the image to be created.</param> /// /// <param name='initialColor'>The clear color of the image data.</param> /// /// <param name='sz'>The tile size to use for the image. /// The default, <c>DataModel::TileSize::kUnspecified</c> is recommended. /// </param> /// /// <exception cref="ImageConstructionException">An exception will be thrown /// if the image can not be constructed. <see cref="ImageConstructionException"/>. /// </exception> /// Image (const Size& size, const DataModel* colorspace, ImagePixel initialColor, DataModel::TileSize sz = DataModel::kUnspecified); /// <summary> /// The user supplied buffer constructor for <c>Atil::Image</c>. This method of construction /// will wrap a user supplied buffer with the Image object allowing ATIL and the using /// application mutual access to the image data. Images created in this way are not memory managed. /// </summary> /// /// <param name='pData'>A pointer to the buffer that the image should use for its image /// data storage. /// </param> /// /// <param name='nBytesInBuffer'>An integer that describes the number of bytes /// that have been allocated in the <c>pData</c> parameter. /// </param> /// /// <param name='nBytesPerRow'>An integer that describes the number of bytes in /// one row of the data. This sometimes referred to as the stride of the data. /// The number of bytes from the beginning of one row to the beginning of the next row. /// </param> /// /// <param name='size'>The horizontal and vertical dimensions of the image. /// The buffer in pData must be large enough to hold these dimensions. /// </param> /// /// <param name='pDm'>A constant pointer to a <c>DataModel</c> instance that /// represents the data that will be contained in the image. /// </param> /// /// <exception cref="ImageConstructionException">An exception will be thrown /// if the image can not be constructed. <see cref="ImageConstructionException"/>. /// </exception> /// Image (void* pData, int nBytesInBuffer, int nBytesPerRow, const Size& size, const DataModel* pDm); /// <summary> /// A <c>RowProviderInterface</c> based constructor for Image. /// </summary> /// /// <param name='pPipe'>A source of image data. /// </param> /// /// <param name='sz'>The tile size to be used for the image. /// </param> /// /// <exception cref="ImageConstructionException">An exception will be thrown /// if the image can not be constructed. <see cref="ImageConstructionException"/>. /// </exception> /// /// <remarks> /// This method will "consume" the <c>RowProviderInterface</c> and free the resources /// that it holds. The <c>RowProviderInterface</c> is no longer valid after using /// it in this method. /// </remarks> /// Image (RowProviderInterface* pPipe, DataModel::TileSize sz = DataModel::kUnspecified); /// <summary> /// A <c>RowProviderInterface</c> based constructor for Image with the option. /// to reorient the input. /// </summary> /// /// <param name='pPipe'>A source of image data. /// </param> /// /// <param name='orient'>The orientation to apply to the image when storing /// the data in the image. /// </param> /// /// <param name='sz'>The tile size to be used for the image. /// </param> /// /// <exception cref="ImageConstructionException">An exception will be thrown /// if the image can not be constructed. <see cref="ImageConstructionException"/>. /// </exception> /// Image (RowProviderInterface* pPipe, Atil::Orientation orient, DataModel::TileSize sz = DataModel::kUnspecified); /// <summary> /// The <c>FileReadDescriptor</c> based constructor for Image. This is the constructor /// to use when you want to load an image from a file. /// </summary> /// /// <param name='readDesc'>The <c>FileReadDescriptor</c> source of image data. /// </param> /// /// <param name='sz'>The tile size to be used for the image. /// </param> /// /// <exception cref="ImageConstructionException">An exception will be thrown /// if the image can not be constructed. <see cref="ImageConstructionException"/>. /// </exception> /// /// <remarks> /// The image will be constructed from the current frame set in the FileReadDescriptor. /// </remarks> /// Image (FileReadDescriptor& readDesc, DataModel::TileSize sz = DataModel::kUnspecified); /// <summary> /// The destructor will release all image resources with the exception of /// user allocated buffers. /// </summary> /// ~Image (); /// <summary> /// The assignment operator will destroy the existing image data and make a reference /// to the assigned image data. /// </summary> /// /// <param name= 'image'> /// A const reference to the image to be assigned to <c>*this</c>. /// </param> /// /// <returns> /// This returns a reference to <c>*this</c>. /// </returns> /// const Image& operator= (const Image& image); /// <summary> /// The assignment operator will destroy the existing image data and construct a new /// image from the result of the <c>RowProviderInterface</c>. /// </summary> /// /// <param name="pPipe">An instance of a <c>RowProviderInterface</c> that will supply /// the pixel data to be drawn. The <c>RowProviderInterface</c> is consumed and freed. /// </param> /// /// <returns> /// This returns a reference to <c>*this</c>. /// </returns> /// /// <remarks> /// This method will "consume" the <c>RowProviderInterface</c> and free the resources /// that it holds. The <c>RowProviderInterface</c> is no longer valid after using /// it in this method. /// </remarks> /// const Image& operator= (RowProviderInterface* pPipe); /// <summary> /// The equals operator. /// </summary> /// /// <param name= 'image'> /// A const reference to the image to be compared. /// </param> /// /// <returns> /// This will return true of both objects refer to the same data. /// </returns> /// /// <remarks> /// While this method is provided it is not considered a reliable method for /// testing equality. /// </remarks> /// bool operator== (const Image& image) const; /// <summary> /// The not equals operator. /// </summary> /// /// <param name= 'image'> /// A const reference to the image to be compared. /// </param> /// /// <returns> /// This will return true of both objects do not refer to the same data. /// </returns> /// /// <remarks> /// While this method is provided it is not considered a reliable method for /// testing equality. /// </remarks> /// bool operator!= (const Image& image) const; /// <summary> /// This returns the size of the image in pixels. /// </summary> /// /// <returns> /// This returns a const reference to a <c>Size</c> object. /// </returns> /// const Size& size () const; /// <summary> /// This returns the size of a tile of the image in pixels. /// </summary> /// /// <returns> /// This returns a <c>Size</c> object. /// </returns> /// Size tileSize () const; /// <summary> /// This method returns a const reference to the images dataModel. It is useful /// for testing the qualities of an image. All images have a dataModel. /// </summary> /// /// <returns> /// This returns a const reference to the <c>DataModel</c> for the image. /// </returns> /// const DataModel& dataModel () const; /// <summary> /// This method will return the <c>FileReadDescriptor</c> used to create the image /// if the image was created with a <c>FileReadDescriptor</c>. The return will be /// NULL otherwise. /// </summary> /// /// <returns> /// This returns a const pointer to the <c>FileReadDescriptor</c> if one was used /// to construct the image and NULL if not. /// </returns> /// const FileReadDescriptor* fileReadDescriptor () const; /// <summary> /// This method will return the number of tiles in the image. There is always /// at least one tile in a valid image. /// </summary> /// /// <param name="nRows">A integer reference which will be set to the number of /// tiles used to hold a row of the image. /// </param> /// /// <param name="nColumns">A integer reference which will be set to the number of /// tiles used to hold a column of the image. /// </param> /// /// <returns> /// This returns the number of tiles in the image. /// </returns> /// int numTiles (int& nRows, int& nColumns) const; /// <summary> /// This method returns the clear color of the image. /// </summary> /// /// <returns> /// This returns a const reference to th <c>ImagePixel</c> that holds the clear color. /// </returns> /// const ImagePixel& clearColor () const; /// <summary> /// A new data model may be set onto an image through this method. The datamodel being /// set must be compatible with the number of bands and band width of the image data. /// </summary> /// /// <param name='dataModel'>A constant reference to a <c>DataModel</c> instance that /// will be used as the representation of the data. /// </param> /// /// <exception cref="ImageConstructionException">An exception will be thrown /// if the data type of the image is incompatible with the data model instance being set /// <see cref="ImageConstructionException"/>. /// </exception> /// void setDataModel ( const DataModel& dataModel ); /// <summary> /// This method will set the Image's clear color. /// </summary> /// /// <param name="value">An <c>ImagePixel</c> that holds the color to be /// used as the clear color. /// </param> /// /// <exception cref="ImageException">An exception will be thrown if the pixel type of the /// parameter is incompatible with the data model image <see cref="ImageException"/>. /// </exception> /// /// <remarks> /// The clear color is the color that will be return for any pixel which is not /// set with a value by the constructed image. /// </remarks> /// void setClearColor ( ImagePixel value ); /// <summary> /// Use this method to draw pixels from the <c>RowProviderInterface</c> into the image /// at the specified location. /// </summary> /// /// <param name="pPipe">An instance of a <c>RowProviderInterface</c> that will supply /// the pixel data to be drawn. The <c>RowProviderInterface</c> is consumed and freed. /// </param> /// /// <param name="at">The offset, in pixels, to the upper left corner at which the /// first pixel of the first row from the <c>RowProviderInterface</c> will be drawn. /// </param> /// /// <param name="bRespectTransparency">A defaulted(false) boolean that if true will /// cause pixels that have an alpha of 0 not to be drawn. /// </param> /// /// <remarks> /// This method will "consume" the <c>RowProviderInterface</c> and free the resources /// that it holds. The <c>RowProviderInterface</c> is no longer valid after using /// it in this method. /// </remarks> /// void paste (RowProviderInterface* pPipe, const Offset& at, bool bRespectTransparency = false); /// <summary> /// Use this method to draw pixels into an image from the passed in <c>RowProviderInterface</c> /// drawing the data with the specified alpha value. /// </summary> /// /// <param name="pPipe">An instance of a <c>RowProviderInterface</c> that will supply /// the pixel data to be drawn. The <c>RowProviderInterface</c> is consumed and freed. /// </param> /// /// <param name="at">The offset, in pixels, to the upper left corner at which the /// first pixel of the first row from the <c>RowProviderInterface</c> will be drawn. /// </param> /// /// <param name="nAlphaValue">The input alpha range should vary between 1 and 254. /// </param> /// /// <param name="bRespectTransparency">A defaulted(false) boolean that if true will /// cause pixels that have an alpha of 0 not to be drawn. /// </param> /// /// <exception cref="ImageException">An exception will be thrown if the image does /// not have a RGB data model <see cref="ImageException"/>. /// </exception> /// /// <remarks> /// This works like the <c>paste()</c> method except that it alpha blends the /// input rows into the image. /// Like <c>paste()</c> it will "consume" the <c>RowProviderInterface</c> and /// free the resources that it holds. The <c>RowProviderInterface</c> is no longer /// valid after using it in this method. /// </remarks> /// void blend (RowProviderInterface* pPipe, const Offset& at, int nAlphaValue , bool bRespectTransparency = false); /// <summary> /// This will read a sub-rectangle of data from the image returning it in a /// <c>RowProviderInterface</c> instance. /// </summary> /// /// <param name="size">The size of the sub-region of the image to be read which may /// be up to the full size of the image. /// </param> /// /// <param name="offset">The pixel offset from the upper left corner of the image /// to begin reading the requested <c>size</c> region. /// </param> /// /// <returns> /// An instance of a <c>RowProviderInterface</c> that will supply the data within /// the requested region. /// </returns> /// /// <remarks> /// The requested sub-region must be within the bounds of the image. /// </remarks> /// RowProviderInterface* read (const Size& size, const Offset& offset) const; // Orientation is an enum containing the 8 different read orientations. /// <summary> /// This will read a sub-rectangle of data from the image returning it in a /// <c>RowProviderInterface</c> instance. The data from the image will be /// re-oriented from TopDownLeftRight (normal progression) to the orientation /// passed in. /// </summary> /// /// <param name="size">The size of the sub-region of the image to be read which may /// be up to the full size of the image. /// </param> /// /// <param name="offset">The pixel offset from the upper left corner of the image /// to begin reading the requested <c>size</c> region. /// </param> /// /// <param name="orient">The orientation to be applied to the data before it is /// returned. /// </param> /// /// <returns> /// An instance of a <c>RowProviderInterface</c> that will supply the data within /// the requested region. /// </returns> /// /// <remarks> /// The requested sub-region must be within the bounds of the image. /// </remarks> /// RowProviderInterface* read (const Size& size, const Offset& offset, Atil::Orientation orient) const; /// <summary> /// This method constructs an <c>ImageContext</c> <see cref="ImageContext"/> that /// maybe used to access the pixels of an image directly. /// </summary> /// /// <param name="accessNeeded">An <c>ImageContext</c> can be opened for either /// kRead or kWrite access. ImageContexts opened with kWrite do not cache (internally) /// as aggressively as those opened with kRead. /// </param> /// /// <param name="numTilesToCache">The number of tiles to cache internal to the /// <c>ImageContext</c>. The default of 4 should be sufficient for most usages. /// </param> /// /// <returns> /// This will return either a pointer to a valid <c>ImageContext</c><see cref="ImageContext"/> /// or NULL if the method fails. The returned object must be freed when the caller /// is finished with it. /// </returns> /// /// <remarks> /// An <c>ImageContext</c> holds tiles while it exists. They should be delete'd when /// not in use to free the resources that it holds. /// </remarks> /// ImageContext* createContext (ImageContext::Access accessNeeded, int numTilesToCache = 4 ); /// <summary> /// This method constructs an <c>ImageContext</c> <see cref="ImageContext"/> that /// maybe used to access the pixels of an image directly. /// </summary> /// /// <param name="accessNeeded">An <c>ImageContext</c> can be opened for either /// kRead or kWrite access. ImageContexts opened with kWrite do not cache (internally) /// as aggressively as those opened with kRead. /// </param> /// /// <param name="size">The size of the sub-region of the image to be accessed by the /// context. /// </param> /// /// <param name="offset">The pixel offset from the upper left corner of the image /// of the requested <c>size</c> region. /// </param> /// /// <param name="numTilesToCache">The number of tiles to cache internal to the /// <c>ImageContext</c>. The default of 4 should be sufficient for most usages. /// </param> /// /// <returns> /// This will return either a pointer to a valid <c>ImageContext</c><see cref="ImageContext"/> /// or NULL if the method fails. The returned object must be freed when the caller /// is finished with it. /// </returns> /// /// <remarks> /// An <c>ImageContext</c> holds tiles while it exists. They should be delete'd when /// not in use to free the resources that it holds. /// </remarks> /// ImageContext* createContext (ImageContext::Access accessNeeded, const Size& size, const Offset& offset, int numTilesToCache = 4 ); /// <summary> /// Adds a reactor that will call the owner whenever a tile is saved. /// When a tile is saved, it is assumed to have been edited (written to). /// </summary> /// /// <param name="pReactor">An instance of a reactor to be added to the image. /// </param> /// /// <remarks> /// The <c>ImageReactorInterface</c><see cref="ImageReactorInterface"/> /// can be derived from to track changes in the image. /// </remarks> /// void addReactor ( ImageReactorInterface* pReactor ); /// <summary> /// Removes the reactor that had previously been added to the image. /// </summary> /// /// <param name="pReactor">The instance of a reactor to be removed from the image. /// </param> /// void removeReactor ( ImageReactorInterface* pReactor ); /// <summary> /// This method disables per tile locking. ATIL implements per tile locking for /// read and write. This option is provided as an optimization for instances in /// which a developer can guarantee single-threaded usage. Use it carefully. /// </summary> /// /// <param name= 'bDisable'> /// The boolean will disable per tile locking if set to true. /// </param> /// /// <returns> /// This will return true if per tile locking is disabled. /// </returns> /// bool disablePerTileLocking ( bool bDisable ); /// <summary> /// This method will cause all pixels of the image to be set to the image's /// internal clear color. /// </summary> /// void clear (); /// <summary> /// This method will return true if there is valid data within the image. /// </summary> /// /// <returns> /// This will return true if the image is valid. /// </returns> /// bool isValid () const; /// <summary> /// This method will be set to true if data has been set into the image /// after construction. 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