注解@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class) 的用法-优快云博客

本文探讨了在Spring框架下如何正确使用事务管理，特别是在循环中处理多个数据库操作时，如何确保部分失败不会影响整体事务的正确性。通过将业务逻辑放入独立的服务类并正确应用@Transactional注解，实现了细粒度的事务控制。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

由于业务需求要求，在一个Service的一个方法A中有一个for循环，每次循环里面的业务逻辑有可能发生异常，这个时候就需要将这个循环内的所有数据库操作给回滚掉，但是又不能影响到之前循环里数据的更改，并且后面的循环里不发生异常的情况下也需要正常操作数据库

for (int i = 0; i < educationInfoArrayList.size(); i++) {
    String result = insertOrUpdateByOnce(educationInfoArrayList.get(i), beforeEntryArrayList.get(i), afterEntryArrayList.get(i), educationExperienceArrayList.get(i),
            assessInfoArrayList.get(i), qualificationClassificationArrayList.get(i), trainingInfoArrayList.get(i));
}

@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public String insertOrUpdateByOnce(EducationInfo educationInfo, BeforeEntry beforeEntry, AfterEntry afterEntry, EducationExperience educationExperience, AssessInfo assessInfo,
        QualificationClassification qualificationClassification, TrainingInfo trainingInfo) {

    try {
        //这里写核心业务方法
    } catch (Exception e) {
        log.error("插入或者修改异常");
        //失败则手动回滚
        TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();
        //返回异常信息
        return e.getCause().getMessage();
    }

    return "success";

}

catch中加上手动回滚 TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly()，事务也没有生效，且报错

org.springframework.transaction.NoTransactionException: No transaction aspect-managed TransactionStatus in scope
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus(TransactionAspectSupport.java:122)
    at com.dubboconsumer.dubboConsumer.service.imp.DemoService.B(DemoService.java:44)
    at com.dubboconsumer.dubboConsumer.service.imp.DemoService.A(DemoService.java:20)
    at com.dubboconsumer.dubboConsumer.service.imp.DemoService$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$c7449c96.invoke(<generated>)
    at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:669)
    ...

原因是：调用了同一个类的方法，给这个方法配上事务注解是不会生效的，这个类里面没有事务，不能进行手动回滚；Spring之所以可以对开启@Transactional的方法进行事务管理，是因为Spring为当前类生成了一个代理类，然后在执行相关方法时，会判断这个方法有没有@Transactional注解，如果有的话，则会开启一个事务；所以，要把执行事务的方法全部丢到一个service类，在这个service类上配上注解@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)，则这个service类中所有的方法都是执行事务的管理

for (int i = 0; i < educationInfoArrayList.size(); i++) {
    String result = insertOrUpdateEmployeeService.insertOrUpdateByOnce(educationInfoArrayList.get(i), beforeEntryArrayList.get(i), afterEntryArrayList.get(i), educationExperienceArrayList.get(i),
                    assessInfoArrayList.get(i), qualificationClassificationArrayList.get(i), trainingInfoArrayList.get(i));
}

@Repository
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public class InsertOrUpdateEmployeeService {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(InsertOrUpdateEmployeeService.class);

    @Autowired
    private EmployeeDao employeeDao;

    public String insertOrUpdateByOnce(EducationInfo educationInfo, BeforeEntry beforeEntry, AfterEntry afterEntry, EducationExperience educationExperience, AssessInfo assessInfo,
                                       QualificationClassification qualificationClassification, TrainingInfo trainingInfo) {

        try {
            //这里写核心业务方法
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("插入或者修改异常");
            //失败则手动回滚
            TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();
            //返回异常信息
            return e.getCause().getMessage();
        }

        return "success";

    }
}