用python 实时监控智联招聘岗位情况_写一段监控招聘信息的监控代码-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/ahua_c/article/details/80964375

本文介绍了使用Python进行实时监控智联招聘岗位的方法，主要涉及requests获取网页内容，tdqm展示进度条，beautifulsoup4和PyQuery解析HTML，celery实现异步发送邮箱以及redis存储任务。配置包括163邮箱SMTP设置，并提供了启动celery worker的命令及运行状态展示。

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技能点：正则 requests tdqm  BeautifulSoup4  PyQuery celery  redis

1.requests 来获取html页面

2.tdqm 来查看程序完成进度条

3. beautifulsoup4 PyQuery 用来解析HTML页面提取有效信息

4.celery 用来异步发送邮箱

5.redis用来存储celery需要执行的函数

获取html和解析html代码如下：

#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import re
from urllib.parse import urlencode
import requests
import time
from tqdm import tqdm
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from pyquery import PyQuery
from celery_tasks.email import tasks as email

def get_main_html(city,word,page):
    '''获取主页源代码'''
    headers = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.132 Safari/537.36',
        'Host': 'sou.zhaopin.com',
        'Referer': 'https://www.zhaopin.com/',
        'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8',
        'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
        'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9'
    }

    data = {
        'jl': city,  # 搜索城市
        'kw': word,  # 搜索关键词
        'isadv': 0,  # 是否打开更详细搜索选项
        'isfilter': 1,  # 是否对结果过滤
        'p': page  # 页数
    }

    url = 'https://sou.zhaopin.com/jobs/searchresult.ashx?'+ urlencode(data)

    response = requests.get(url,headers=headers)
    return response.text


def get_detail_url(html):
    '''从主页html获取详细页url'''
    soup  = BeautifulSoup(html,'lxml')
    a_list = soup.find_all(attrs={'style':'font-weight: bold'})

    detail_url_list = []
    # 获取详细a标签中的href属性
    for a in a_list:
        detail_url_list.append(a.attrs['href'])

    return detail_url_list



def get_detail_html(url):
    '''获取详细页源代码'''
    headers = {'Host': 'jobs.zhaopin.com',
               'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/64.0.3282.186Safari/537.36',
        'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8',
        'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9'
        }

    response = requests.get(url,headers=headers)
    html  = response.text
    return html




def handle_detail_html(html,url):
    '''处理详细页源代码 获取有效信息'''
    employment_info = {}
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html,'lxml')
    # 获取标题
    try:
        title_content = soup.find(attrs={'class':'inner-left'}).find('h1').string
        main_html = soup.find(attrs={'class':'tab-inner-cont'})
        digest_html = soup.find(attrs={'class':'terminal-ul'})
        doc_digest = PyQuery(digest_html.__str__())
        doc_content = PyQuery(main_html.__str__())
        digest_content = doc_digest.text()
        # 获取主要内容

        main_content = re.sub(r'=+','',doc_content.text())
        # 将获取的信息放入字典中
        employment_info['title'] = title_content
        employment_info['digest'] = digest_content
        employment_info['main'] = main_content
        employment_info['url'] = url
    except:
        pass
    return  employment_info



def send_email(employment_info):
    '''调用celery 发送到自己的邮箱'''
    time.sleep(2)
    email.task_send_email.delay(employment_info)

def save_url(url):
    with open('already_url','a+') as f:
        f.seek(0)
        if url not in f.read().split('|'):
            f.write(url)
            f.write('|')
        else:
            return True


def spider(city,word,page):
    '''主要控制函数函数'''
    html = get_main_html(city,word,page)
    urlList = get_detail_url(html)

    for url in tqdm(urlList):
        # 判断是否可以已经爬取过
        if save_url(url):
            continue
        html = get_detail_html(url)
        employment_info = handle_detail_html(html,url)
        send_email(employment_info)

    print('第%s爬取结束'%(page+1))



if __name__ == '__main__':
    while True:
        for i in range(3):
            print('开始爬取第%s页'%(i+1))
            spider('上海','python',i)
            time.sleep(1)

        time.sleep(3600)

配置celery如下：

config.py用来配置异步任务存放的位置

result_backend = 'redis://172.16.14.128:6379/2'
broker_url = 'redis://172.16.14.128:6379/1'

main是启动文件

from celery import Celery

# 为celery使用django配置文件进行设置

# 创建celery应用
app = Celery('爬虫')

# 导入celery配置
app.config_from_object('celery_tasks.config')

# 自动注册celery任务
app.autodiscover_tasks(['celery_tasks.email'])

email下的tasks

from celery_tasks.main import app
import smtplib
import email.mime.multipart
import email.mime.text

@app.task(name='task_send_email')
def task_send_email(employment_info):

    msg = email.mime.multipart.MIMEMultipart()
    msgFrom = '****@163.com'  # 163开启stmp的邮箱
    msgTo = '****@qq.com'  # 接受邮件的邮箱
    smtpSever = 'smtp.163.com'  # 163邮箱的smtp Sever地址
    smtpPort = '25'  # 开放的端口
    sqm = '****'  # 163的使用授权码而非账户密码

    msg['from'] = msgFrom
    msg['to'] = msgTo
    msg['subject'] = '招聘职位-%s'%employment_info.get('title',None)
    content = '''
    招聘职位-%s:
    招聘信息:%s
    岗位描述:%s
    网址:%s
    '''%(employment_info.get('title',None),employment_info.get('digest',None),employment_info.get('main',None),employment_info.get('url',None))

    txt = email.mime.text.MIMEText(content)
    msg.attach(txt)
    smtp = smtplib
    smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
    '''
    smtplib的connect（连接到邮件服务器）、login（登陆验证）、sendmail（发送邮件）
    '''
    smtp.connect(smtpSever, smtpPort)
    smtp.login(msgFrom, sqm)
    smtp.sendmail(msgFrom, msgTo, str(msg))

    smtp.quit()