AOP 前置通知&返回通知&异常通知&后置通知&环绕通知
前置通知&返回通知&异常通知&后置通知
LoggingAspect.java(com.test.spring.aop.LoggingAspect)
package com.test.spring.aop;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Arrays;
@Aspect
@Component
public class LoggingAspect {
/**
* 在 com.test.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator 接口的每一个实现类的每一个方法开始之前执行一段代码
*/
@Before("execution(public int com.test.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator.*(..))")
public void beforeMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
Object [] args = joinPoint.getArgs();
System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " begins with " + Arrays.asList(args));
}
/**
* 在方法执行之后执行的代码,无论该方法是否出现异常
* @param joinPoint
*/
@After("execution(public int com.test.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator.*(..))")
public void afterMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " ends");
}
/**
* 在方法正常结束后执行的代码
* 返回通知是可以访问到方法的返回值的!
*/
@AfterReturning(value="execution(public int com.test.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator.*(..))",
returning = "result")
public void afterReturning(JoinPoint joinPoint, Object result){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " ends with " + result);
}
/**
* 在目标方法出现异常时会执行的代码。
* 可以访问到异常对象;且可以指定在出现特定异常时在执行通知代码
*/
@AfterThrowing(value="execution(public int com.test.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator.*(..))",
throwing = "ex")
public void afterThrowing(JoinPoint joinPoint, Exception ex){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " occurs exception " + ex);
}
}
环绕通知
环绕通知是所有通知类型中功能最为强大的,能够全面地控制连接点,甚至可以控制是否执行连接点。 对于环绕通知来说,连接点的参数类型必须是 ProceedingJoinPoint。它是 JoinPoint 的子接口,允许控制何时执行,是否执行连接点。 在环绕通知中需要明确调用 ProceedingJoinPoint 的 proceed() 方法来执行被代理的方法。如果忘记这样做就会导致通知被执行了,但目标方法没有被执行。 注意:环绕通知的方法需要返回目标方法执行之后的结果,即调用 joinPoint.proceed();的返回值,否则会出现空指针异常。
LoggingAspect.java(com.test.spring.aop.LoggingAspect)
package com.test.spring.aop;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Arrays;
@Aspect
@Component
public class LoggingAspect {
/**
* 环绕通知需要携带 ProceedingJoinPoint 类型的参数。
* 环绕通知类似于动态代理的全过程:ProceedingJoinPoint 类型的参数可以决定是否执行目标方法。
* 且环绕通知必须有返回值,返回值即为目标方法的返回值
*/
@Around("execution(public int com.test.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator.*(..))")
public Object aroudMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint pjd){
Object result = null;
String methodName = pjd.getSignature().getName();
// 执行目标方法
try {
// 前置通知
System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " begins with " + Arrays.asList(pjd.getArgs()));
// 执行目标方法
result = pjd.proceed();
// 返回通知
System.out.println("The method ends with " + result);
} catch (Throwable e) {
// 异常通知
System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " occurs exceptio:" + e);
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
// 后置通知
System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " ends");
return result;
}
}
其他文件
ArithmeticCalculator.java(com.test.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator)
package com.test.spring.aop;
public interface ArithmeticCalculator {
int add(int i, int j);
int sub(int i, int j);
int mul(int i, int j);
int div(int i, int j);
}
ArithmeticCalculatorImpl.java(com.test.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculatorImpl)
package com.test.spring.aop;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component("arithmeticCalculator")
public class ArithmeticCalculatorImpl implements ArithmeticCalculator {
@Override
public int add(int i, int j) {
int result = i + j;
return result;
}
@Override
public int sub(int i, int j) {
int result = i - j;
return result;
}
@Override
public int mul(int i, int j) {
int result = i * j;
return result;
}
@Override
public int div(int i, int j) {
int result = i / j;
return result;
}
}
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.test.spring.aop"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置自动为匹配 sapectJ 注解的 Java 类生成代理对象 -->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
</beans>
Main.java(com.test.spring.aop.Main)
package com.test.spring.aop;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
ArithmeticCalculator arithmeticCalculator = (ArithmeticCalculator) ctx.getBean("arithmeticCalculator");
System.out.println(arithmeticCalculator.getClass().getName());
int result = arithmeticCalculator.add(1,2);
System.out.println("result:" + result);
result = arithmeticCalculator.div(1000,0);
System.out.println("result:" + result);
}
}