Preference使用总结

注释:部分代码引用http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qinjuning 
单一控件：
 Preference//  TextView           文本框
 CheckPreference // CheckBox           单选框
 EditTextPreference// EditText          输入文本框 
 ListPreference// ListView          列表框
 RingtonePreference//  ——               铃声
 组合控件：
 PreferenceCategory :
类似于LinearLayou、RelativeLayout，用于组合一组Preference，使布局更具备层次感 。
 PreferenceScreen  : 所有Preference元素的根节点。
 **android 3.0以前使用方法**
 使我们的Activity继承PreferenceActivity，然后在onCreate()方法中通过   
addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.custom_preference) (我们自定义的Preference 布局)。
 3.0以后已经不建议使用了 推荐使用PreferenceFragment 在onCreate()方法中
addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.preference); 在Activity中引入Freagment
       代码如下 :
       在res目录下新建xml文件夹 新建preference.xml文件
             <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
            <PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <PreferenceCategory
        android:key="set_local"//唯一标示
        android:title="我的位置" />
    <CheckBoxPreference
        android:defaultValue="true"
        android:key="apply_wireless"
        android:summary="使用无线网络在应用程序（例如Google地图）中查看位置"//副标题
        android:title="使用无线网络"></CheckBoxPreference>
    <CheckBoxPreference
        android:key="apply_gps"
        android:summary="定位到街道级别（需要消耗更多的电量以及天气允许）"
        android:title="使用GPS"></CheckBoxPreference>
    <PreferenceCategory android:title="无线和网络设置"></PreferenceCategory>
    <CheckBoxPreference
        android:key="apply_fly"
        android:summary="禁用所有无线连接"
        android:title="飞行模式"></CheckBoxPreference>
    <CheckBoxPreference
        android:key="apply_internet"
        android:summary="禁用通过USB共享Internet连接"
        android:title="Internet共享"></CheckBoxPreference>
    <CheckBoxPreference
        android:key="apply_wifi"
        android:summary="打开Wi-Fi"
        android:title="Wi-Fi"></CheckBoxPreference>
    <Preference
        android:dependency="apply_wifi"//依赖wifi打开开关
        android:key="wifi_setting"
        android:summary="设置和管理无线接入点"
        android:title="Wi-Fi设置">
        <!--  对应textView 点击时 自定义一个默认跳转Intent  action指定隐式Intent -->
        <!-- action指定隐式Intent ; targetPackage和targetClass指定显示Intent-->
        <intent
            android:action="com.feixun.action.seemAction"
            android:targetClass="com.example.preference.SecondActivity"
            android:targetPackage="com.example.preference" />
    </Preference>
    <CheckBoxPreference
        android:key="apply_bluetooth"
        android:summary="启用蓝牙"
        android:title="蓝牙"></CheckBoxPreference>
    <Preference
        android:dependency="apply_bluetooth"
        android:key="bluetooth_setting"
        android:summary="管理连接、设备设备名称和可检测性"
        android:title="蓝牙设置"></Preference>
    <EditTextPreference
        android:defaultValue="123"
        android:key="number_edit"
        android:title="输入电话号码"></EditTextPreference>
    <ListPreference
        android:dialogTitle="选择部门"
        android:entries="@array/ceshi1"//显示的值
        android:entryValues="@array/ceshi1_value"//存储的值 以key-value形式
        android:key="depart_value"
        android:title="部门设置"></ListPreference>
    <RingtonePreference
        android:key="ring_key"
        android:ringtoneType="all"//铃声类型
        android:showDefault="true"//使用系统默认的铃声
        android:showSilent="true"//是否静音
        android:title="铃声"></RingtonePreference>
     </PreferenceScreen>
**frengment中代码**
     public class SpFrengment extends PreferenceFragment implements      Preference.OnPreferenceChangeListener {
    private CheckBoxPreference mapply_wifiPreference;       //打开wifi
    private CheckBoxPreference mapply_internetPreference;   //Internet共享
    private ListPreference depart_valuePreference;          //部门设置
    private EditTextPreference number_editPreference;       //输入电话号码
    private Preference mwifi_settingPreference;          
    //wifi设置 对应textview 设置对应的OnpreferenceClickListener
    private CheckBoxPreference apply_wireless;             //使用无线网络
    private CheckBoxPreference apply_gps;             //gps
    private CheckBoxPreference apply_bluetooth;             //蓝牙
    private Preference bluetooth_setting;             //蓝牙设置
    private RingtonePreference ring_key;             //蓝牙设置
    private String oldDeptId; // 旧部门的名称

    public SpFrengment() {
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.preference);
        **//根据key值找到控件**
        mapply_wifiPreference = (CheckBoxPreference) findPreference("apply_wifi");//打开Wi-Fi
        mapply_internetPreference = (CheckBoxPreference) findPreference("apply_internet");//Internet共享
        depart_valuePreference = (ListPreference) findPreference("depart_value");//部门
        number_editPreference = (EditTextPreference) findPreference("number_edit");//输入号码
        mwifi_settingPreference = (Preference) findPreference("wifi_setting");//Wi-Fi设置
        apply_wireless = (CheckBoxPreference) findPreference("apply_wireless");//使用无线网络
        apply_gps = (CheckBoxPreference) findPreference("apply_gps");//gps设置
        apply_bluetooth = (CheckBoxPreference) findPreference("apply_bluetooth");//蓝牙
        bluetooth_setting = (Preference) findPreference("bluetooth_setting");//蓝牙设置
        ring_key = (RingtonePreference) findPreference("ring_key");//响铃设置

        **// 设置监听器**
        mapply_internetPreference.setOnPreferenceChangeListener(this);
        mapply_internetPreference.setOnPreferenceChangeListener(this);
        depart_valuePreference.setOnPreferenceChangeListener(this);
        number_editPreference.setOnPreferenceChangeListener(this);
        mwifi_settingPreference.setOnPreferenceChangeListener(this);
        apply_wireless.setOnPreferenceChangeListener(this);
        apply_gps.setOnPreferenceChangeListener(this);
        apply_bluetooth.setOnPreferenceChangeListener(this);
        bluetooth_setting.setOnPreferenceChangeListener(this);
        ring_key.setOnPreferenceChangeListener(this);
        mapply_wifiPreference.setOnPreferenceChangeListener(this);
  **得到我们的存储Preferences值的对象，然后对其进行相应操作**
        SharedPreferences shp = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(getActivity());
        boolean apply_wifiChecked = shp.getBoolean("apply_wifi", false);

    }
    // 当Preference的值发生改变时触发该事件，true则以新值更新控件的状态，false则do noting
    @Override
    public boolean onPreferenceChange(Preference preference, Object objValue) {
        if (preference == mapply_wifiPreference) {
            Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "mapply_wifiPreference", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (preference.getKey().equals("apply_internet")) {
            Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "apply_internet", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (preference == mapply_internetPreference) {
            Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "mapply_internetPreference", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (preference.getKey().equals("wifi_setting")) {
            Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "wifi_setting", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (preference == depart_valuePreference) {
            Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "depart_valuePreference", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (preference == number_editPreference) {
            Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "number_editPreference", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (preference == mwifi_settingPreference) {
            Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "mwifi_settingPreference", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (preference == apply_wireless) {//无线网络
            Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "apply_wireless", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (preference == apply_gps) {
            Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "apply_gps", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (preference == apply_bluetooth) {
            Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "apply_bluetooth", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (preference == bluetooth_setting) {
            Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "bluetooth_setting", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (preference == ring_key) {
            Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "ring_key", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
        return true;  //保存更新后的值
    }
}
**Activity中**
public class SpActivity  extends AppCompatActivity{
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.layout_spactivity);
        getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.frent,new   SpFrengment()).commit();

    }
}