使用Spring Boot快速搭建项目框架

于 2018-06-08 01:57:47 发布
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分类专栏： JAVA 文章标签： JAVA Spring Boot Mybatis Jpa
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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/YZR_JAVA/article/details/80617402
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本文详细介绍了如何使用IDEA创建Spring Boot应用，配合JPA实现增删查改，以及如何集成Mybatis进行复杂查询，包括注解和XML配置方式，并提供了测试用例和项目代码下载。

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通过阅读本文之后，你将学会使用在几分钟内搭建好一个拥有基本功能的web后台开发框架。

一：使用idea创建spring boot应用

1.使用idea创建一个project，选择Spring Initializr选项，选择和团队一致的jdk版本之后next。


2.输入项目的包名


3.在依赖选项卡上勾选上Web即可

4.选择项目代码存放路径


5.最后你会看到下面这个样子的项目文件，等待idea加载完所需要的依赖即可。

二：配合使用JPA实现增删查改

1.为了更好的代码管理，做以下分层，并且注意：所有的代码都是和SpringBootDemoApplication在同一个文件夹下的，这点需要注意一下，如果不是在同一个文件夹下的话会报错。


2.在数据库中新建一张表：

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for boss
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `boss`;
CREATE TABLE `boss` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

3.创建repository文件夹下，新建BossRepository类。（使用的是JPA）

package com.example.springbootdemo.repository;

import com.example.springbootdemo.model.Boss;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Modifying;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.List;

@Repository
public interface BossRepository  extends JpaRepository<Boss, Long> {

    @Transactional
    @Modifying(clearAutomatically = true)
    @Query(value ="UPDATE  boss SET name=?2 WHERE id =?1  ",nativeQuery = true)
    Integer update(Long id,String name);

    @Transactional
    @Modifying(clearAutomatically = true)
    @Query(value ="DELETE  from boss  WHERE id =?1  ",nativeQuery = true)
    void deleteById(Long id);

    Page<Boss> findAll(Pageable pageable);

    List<Boss> findBossByNameLike(String name);

    @Query(value ="select * from boss  WHERE id =?1  ",nativeQuery = true)
    Boss queryById(Long id);
}

4.在service文件夹下，新建BossService类：

package com.example.springbootdemo.service;

import com.example.springbootdemo.mapper.Boss2Mapper;
import com.example.springbootdemo.mapper.BossMapper;
import com.example.springbootdemo.model.Boss;
import com.example.springbootdemo.repository.BossRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import static com.github.pagehelper.page.PageMethod.startPage;


import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@Service
public class BossService {
    @Autowired
    private BossRepository bossRepository;
    public List<Boss> findAll(){
        return  bossRepository.findAll();
    }
    /**
     * @描述: 分页查询
     * @作者 YangZhiRan
     * @时间 2018/6/7 23:02
     */
    public List<Boss> queryByPage(Integer page, Integer limit){
        Integer start=(page-1)*limit;
        Sort sort = new Sort(new Sort.Order(Sort.Direction.DESC,"id"));
        PageRequest pageRequest=new PageRequest(start,limit,sort);
        Page<Boss> resultPage = bossRepository.findAll(pageRequest);
        List<Boss> content = resultPage.getContent();
        return content;
    }
    /**
     * @描述: 新增
     * @作者 YangZhiRan
     * @时间 2018/6/7 22:56
     */
    public Boolean insert(Boss boos){
        Boss save = bossRepository.save(boos);
        if( save != null){
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
   /**
    * @描述: 编辑
    * @作者 YangZhiRan
    * @时间 2018/6/7 22:56
    */
    public Boolean update(Long id,String name){
        Integer update = bossRepository.update(id, name);
        return update>0?true:false;
    }
    /**
     * @描述: 删除
     * @作者 YangZhiRan
     * @时间 2018/6/7 22:58
     */
    public void delete(Long id){
        bossRepository.deleteById(id);
    }
    /**
     * @描述: 根据id查询
     * @作者 YangZhiRan
     * @时间 2018/6/7 23:05
     */
    public Boss selectById(Long id){
        return bossRepository.queryById(id);
    }
    /**
     * @描述: 根据name查询
     * @作者 YangZhiRan
     * @时间 2018/6/7 23:05
     */
    public List<Boss> selectByName(String name){
        return bossRepository.findBossByNameLike("%"+name+"%");
    }
}

5.在Controller文件夹下，新建MainController类：

package com.example.springbootdemo.controller;

import com.example.springbootdemo.model.Boss;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import com.example.springbootdemo.service.BossService;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping(path="/test/demo")
public class MainController {

    @Autowired
    private BossService bossService;

    @RequestMapping(path="/all")
    public @ResponseBody List<Boss> getAllUsers() {
        List<Boss> all = bossService.findAll();
        return all;
    }
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello() {
        return "hello,this is a springboot demo";
    }
}

到此，一个基于Spring Boot配合JPA的基础的增删查改就完成了，接下来跑一下测试用例。

三：测试用例

1.Controller的测试用例：

package com.example.springbootdemo;

import com.example.springbootdemo.mapper.BossMapper;
import com.example.springbootdemo.model.Boss;
import com.example.springbootdemo.service.BossService;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.post;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;



@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@WebAppConfiguration
public class SpringBootDemoApplicationTests {

	@Test
	public void contextLoads() {
	}
	private MockMvc mockMvc; // 模拟MVC对象，通过MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build()初始化。
	@Autowired
	private WebApplicationContext wac; // 注入WebApplicationContext

	@Before // 在测试开始前初始化工作
	public void setup() {
		this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
	}

	@Test
	public void testFindAll() throws Exception {

		String content = "";
		this.mockMvc.perform(post("/test/demo/all").contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).content(content)).andDo(print()).andExpect(status().isOk());
	}

	@Test
	public void testAll() throws Exception {
		MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(post("/test/demo/all").param("pageNo", "1").param("pageSize", "2"))
				.andExpect(status().isOk())// 模拟向testRest发送get请求
				.andExpect(content().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))// 预期返回值的媒体类型text/plain;charset=UTF-8
				.andReturn();// 返回执行请求的结果

		System.out.println(result.getResponse().getContentAsString());
	}

}

2.Service的测试用例：

package com.example.springbootdemo.service;

import com.example.springbootdemo.ApplicationTests;
import com.example.springbootdemo.model.Boss;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import java.util.List;

public class TestBossService extends ApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private BossService bossService;

    @Test
    public void save(){
        Boss boss =new Boss();
        boss.setName("zhangXue");
        Boolean insert = bossService.insert(boss);
        System.out.print("结果:"+insert);
    }

    @Test
    public void update(){
        Boolean update = bossService.update(6L,"zhang xue");
        System.out.print("结果:"+update);
    }
    @Test
    public void queryByPage(){
        List<Boss> bosses = bossService.queryByPage(1, 2);
        System.out.print("结果:"+bosses);
    }
    @Test
    public void selectByName(){
        List<Boss> bosses = bossService.selectByName("ang");
        System.out.print("结果:"+bosses);
    }
    @Test
    public void delete(){
        bossService.delete(6L);
    }
}

四：基于mybatis的写法

大伙都知道，JPA对于简单的查询写起来是比较方便快捷的，但是如果是一些复杂点，还是大众的mybatis更为合适一点，这里会分别说明两种使用方式：一种是使用注解的方式，另外一种是使用xml配置文件的方式。

1.使用注解mybatis

package com.example.springbootdemo.mapper;

import com.example.springbootdemo.model.Boss;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;
import org.apache.ibatis.jdbc.SQL;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;

@Repository
public interface BossMapper {

    @Select(value=" select * from boss where id = #{id}")
    Boss queryById(@Param("id") Long id);

    @SelectProvider(type = BossMapperMapper.class, method = "queryList")
    List<Boss> queryList(Map<String,String> where);

    class BossMapperMapper{
        public String queryList(Map<String, Object> map){
            String  name = (String) map.get("name");
            return new SQL() {
                {
                    SELECT("  *  ");
                    FROM("boss b ");
                    if(Objects.nonNull(name)) {
                        WHERE("b.name like '%" + name+"%'");
                    }
                    ORDER_BY(" b.id  asc");
                }
            }.toString();
        }
    }

}

在SpringBootDemoApplication上要贴上一个扫描注解，用于扫描所有mybatis的接口。

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.example.springbootdemo.mapper")
public class SpringBootDemoApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(SpringBootDemoApplication.class, args);
	}
}

另外application.properties文件内容如下：

server.port=18888

mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.example.springbootdemo.model
mybatis.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case= true

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123456

spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
spring.jpa.show-sql= true
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.format_sql=true
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.enable_lazy_load_no_trans=true

2.使用xml配置文件

在application.properties文件中需要添加以下内容：

mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml

创建接口类：

package com.example.springbootdemo.mapper;

import com.example.springbootdemo.model.Boss;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

@Repository
public interface Boss2Mapper {
    List<Boss> select();
}

创建xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.example.springbootdemo.mapper.Boss2Mapper" >
    <sql id="BASE_TABLE">
        boss
    </sql>
    <sql id="BASE_COLUMN">
        id,name
    </sql>
    <select id="select" resultType="com.example.springbootdemo.model.Boss">
        SELECT
        <include refid="BASE_COLUMN"/>
        FROM
        <include refid="BASE_TABLE"/>
    </select>
</mapper>

3.分别跑一下测试用例：

package com.example.springbootdemo.mapper;

import com.example.springbootdemo.ApplicationTests;
import com.example.springbootdemo.model.Boss;
import com.example.springbootdemo.repository.BossRepository;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class TestBossMapper extends ApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private BossMapper bossMapper;

    @Test
    public void queryById(){
        Boss boss = bossMapper.queryById(1L);
        System.out.print(boss);
    }
    @Test
    public void queryList(){
        Map where =new HashMap<String,String>();
        where.put("name","ang");
        List<Boss> boss = bossMapper.queryList(where);
        System.out.print(boss);
    }
}
package com.example.springbootdemo.service;

import com.example.springbootdemo.ApplicationTests;
import com.example.springbootdemo.model.Boss;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import java.util.List;

public class TestBossService extends ApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private BossService bossService;

    @Test
    public void queryList(){
        List<Boss> bosses = bossService.queryList(1,2);
        System.out.print("结果:"+bosses);

        List<Boss> select = bossService.select();
        System.out.print("结果:"+select);
    }
}

最后贴一下整个项目的pom.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.example</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-demo</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>spring-boot-demo</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<!-- JPA Data (We are going to use Repositories, Entities, Hibernate, etc...) -->

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Use MySQL Connector-J -->

		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.jayway.restassured/spring-mock-mvc -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.jayway.restassured</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-mock-mvc</artifactId>
			<version>2.9.0</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- junit   -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.12</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
			<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
			<version>1.3.1</version>
		</dependency>
		<!--mapper-->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
			<artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.4</version>
		</dependency>
		<!--pagehelper-->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
			<artifactId>pagehelper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.3</version>
		</dependency>

	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>


</project>

本文案列代码下载：代码下载

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