源码包安装LAMP

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#mysql #timezone #apache #extension #variables #防火墙

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1.卸载旧的lamp环境

命令：rpm -qa | grep httpd

说明：查看是否安装了httpd软件包

命令：netstat -tnl

说明：查看现在端口的状态，主要关注80端口(apache) 3306端口(mysql)

命令：rpm -e httpd-manual-2.2.3-43.el5.centos --nodeps

命令：rpm -e httpd-2.2.3-43.el5.centos --nodeps

命令：rpm -e system-config-httpd-1.3.3.3-1.el5 --nodeps

说明：卸载软件包， --nodeps 如果有连带关系，也强制卸载

命令：cd /etc/httpd/

命令：rm -rf *

说明：到原来的apache安装目录下，将其所有的安装目录和文件都删掉

命令：rpm -qa | grep mysql

命令：rpm -e mysql-5.0.77-4.el5_4.2 --nodeps

说明：卸载mysql

命令： rpm -qa | grep php

命令： rpm -e php-common-5.1.6-27.el5 --nodeps

命令： rpm -e php-ldap-5.1.6-27.el5 --nodeps

命令： rpm -e php-cli-5.1.6-27.el5 --nodeps

命令： rpm -e php-5.1.6-27.el5 --nodeps

说明：卸载PHP

2.安装LAMP

(1).安装libxml2

cd libxml2-2.6.30/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2

make

make install

(2).安装libmcrypt

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt

make && make install

(3).安装zlib

cd zlib-1.2.3/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib

make && make install

(4)安装libpng

cd libpng-1.2.31/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libpng

make && make install

(5)安装jpeg6

这个软件包安装有些特殊，其它软件包安装时如果目录不存在，

会自动创建，但这个软件包安装时需要手动创建

mkdir /usr/local/jpeg6

mkdir /usr/local/jpeg6/bin

mkdir /usr/local/jpeg6/lib

mkdir /usr/local/jpeg6/include

mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man/man1

cd jpeg-6b/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg6/ --enable-shared --enable-static

make && make install

(6)安装freetype

cd freetype-2.3.5/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype

make && make install

(7)安装autoconf

cd autoconf-2.61/

./configure //安装到系统库即可

make

make insatll

(8)安装GD库

cd gd-2.0.35/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd2 --with-zlib=/usr/local/zlib/ --with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg6/ --with-png=/usr/local/libpng/ --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype/

make

make install

(9)安装apache

cd httpd-2.2.17/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --with-z=/usr/local/zlib --with-included-apr --enable-so --enable-deflate=shared --enable-expires=shared --enable-rewrite=shared --enable-static-support

make && make install

设置：apache(/etc/httpd/httpd.conf)

a.将LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so 注释掉

b.将ServerName www.example.com:80 改为：ServerName localhost:80 并将前面的注释去掉

启动apache: /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start

重启apache: /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart

停止apache: /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop

查看80端口是否开启

netstat -tnl|grep 80

(10)安装MySql

A.安装

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=all

make && make install

B.配置

//创建mysql配置文件

cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

//用mysql用户创建授权表，创建成功后，会在/usr/local/mysql目录下生成一个var目录

cd /usr/local/mysql/

./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

//将文件的所有属性改为root用户

chown -R root .

//将数据目录的所有属性改为mysql用户

chown -R mysql var

//将组属性改为mysql组

chgrp -R mysql .

C.开启mysql

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

说明:‘&’表示在后台运行

//查看3306是否开启

netstat -tnl

//查看mysql版本信息

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin version

//查看所有mysql参数

bin/mysqladmin variables

D.安全性

进入mysql 此时密码为空

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot

查看mysql 用户权限信息

msql>select * from mysql.user /G

删除非localhost的主机

DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE Host!='localhost' AND User='';

刷新授权表

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

为root用户添加密码

SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('root');

E.开启root用户的远程访问(如果是本地开发的话)

mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "root";

mysql>flush privileges;

'%'表示任何主机都可以访问，最后面的‘root’为密码

F.关闭MySQL数据库

bin/mysqladmin -u root –p shutdown（如果有密码则-p 没有不需要写）

(11)安装PHP

A.安装

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2/ --with-png-dir=/usr/local/libpng/ --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg6/ --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype/ --with-gd=/usr/local/gd2/ --with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib/ --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt/ --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-soap --enable-mbstring=all --enable-sockets

make && make install

B.生成配置文件

cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

C.配置

vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf

添加下面代码

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml .php3

AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

</IfModule>

重启apache

#/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart

C.遇到错误

#/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart

a.httpd: Syntax error on line 57 of /etc/httpd/httpd.conf: Cannot load /usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp5.so into server: /usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp5.so: cannot restore segment prot after reloc: Permission denied

原因：是Linux有一个SELinux保护模式引起的。

解决办法：

关闭SELINUX的方法:

vi /etc/selinux/config 将SELINUX=enforcing 改成SELINUX=disabled 需要重启：

b.设置php.ini时区

phpinfo();

报错：

Warning: phpinfo() [function.phpinfo]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/no DST' instead in /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/test.php on line 2

解决方法：

在php.ini中设置date.timezone的值为PRC，设置好以后的为：date.timezone=PRC，同时取消这一行代码的注释，即去掉前面的分号就可以了。

(12)安装phpmyadmin

cp -a phpMyAdmin-3.3.8.1-all-languages /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/phpmyadmin

cd /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/phpmyadmin/

cp config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php

打开浏览器，在地址栏里输入:http://localhost/phpmyadmin/index.php

(13)安装Memcached

A.安装

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.6.tgz

gzip -d memcache-2.2.6.tgz

tar xvf memcache-2.2.6.tar