ensp模拟校园网搭建

前景需求分析

某高等学校要求将网络分为四个区域,分别是宿舍区、教学区、服务器区和机房区,并合理规划IP地址和VLAN,实现校园网络内部能够互联互通,同时要求宿舍区、教学区能够访问外网环境,服务器部不能访问外网环境,但在范围内的服务器需要提供对应web服务。为了保证网络的可靠性,要求配置实现负载均衡,解决单点故障问题。同时要求通过内部主机使用ISP提供的内部全局地址访问外网环境,提高网络整体的安全性和可靠性

拟定校园拓扑

依照前景设计mstp+mstp模式搭建核心,并将汇聚层双归接入,核心交换机采用链路聚合,通过AC+AP并且将AC旁挂模式部署,同样将服务器区旁挂在核心交换机上

并分析用户连接需求较大,划分vlan pool扩充其连接数量,并为方便管理将宿舍区网络独立于教学区和机房区网络,采用独立ssid和vap模版,便于后续管理和对校园网的审计认证授权

要求分析

1.sw1和sw2链路聚合(sw1为主动端)
2.创建vlan将pc1划到vlan11,pc2划到vlan12,pc3划到vlan13,pc4划到vlan14,pc5划到vlan120,AC管理vlan为100
3.配置IP,DHCP获取
4.两台AC间做vrrp+HSB热备
5.ar1,sw1,sw2间做ospf
6.服务器端口映射至公网
7.AR上做easy-ip
8.AR为vlan11,vlan12,vlan13,vlan14,dhcp服务器;LSW7为vlan120的dhcp服务器,AC为vlan100,以及所有无线业务vlan的DHCP服务器
9.无线上线业务流量vlan30

配置流程

经过以上分析,将步骤具体分为如下

1.划分接口vlan

隔离广播域优化网络

2.链路聚合

加强链路利用,在核心交换机上采用链路聚合,拓展带宽,提高其传输速度

3.mstp部署

将模式改为mstp,创建stp域,域名xiaoyuanwang,修订号1,映射关系域vrrp组相对应,目的是将流量引向相关主设备,值得注意的是将vlan100流量划入实例2以防dhcp发现报文被传到至服务器区域

4.vrrp部署

采用双机热备,将不同流量分配于两台不同交换机上,实现一定的分担压力,保证网络的稳定


5.OSPF部署

6.DHCP部署以及中继开启

注意排除已使用与vrrp的地址,否则中继操作后,ARP冲突会导致PC无IP地址无法上网

7.无线搭建

将AC与AP用CAPWAP隧道连接并下发相关配置,将宿舍区接入vlan,必要可加入802.1x认证对接入用户进行认证审计以及授权

采用双机热备对AP进行管理,配置相关AP上线并进行连接测试

8.连接公网

采用easy_ip将私网地址转换为公网接口网段已达成用户正常上网需求

9.服务器映射

对服务器进行映射,保障社会各界能通过外网访问学校官网等资源,目前状态下能够看到服务器下pc5与外网不通

全局配置

AR1

[AR1]DIS current-configuration 
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname AR1
#
 board add 0/2 1GEC 
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load flash:/portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 wlan ac-global carrier id other ac id 0
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
dhcp enable
#
acl number 2000  
 rule 5 permit source 192.168.0.0 0.0.3.255 
 rule 6 permit source 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255 
 rule 7 permit source 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 
 rule 8 permit source 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255 
 rule 9 permit source 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.255 
 rule 10 permit source 192.168.60.0 0.0.0.255 
#
ip pool vlan11
 gateway-list 192.168.1.254 
 network 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 
 excluded-ip-address 192.168.1.252 192.168.1.253 
 dns-list 192.168.120.20 
#
ip pool vlan12
 gateway-list 192.168.2.254 
 network 192.168.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0 
 excluded-ip-address 192.168.2.252 192.168.2.253 
 dns-list 192.168.120.20 
#
ip pool vlan13
 gateway-list 192.168.3.254 
 network 192.168.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0 
 excluded-ip-address 192.168.3.252 192.168.3.253 
 dns-list 192.168.120.20 
#
ip pool vlan14
 gateway-list 192.168.4.254 
 network 192.168.4.0 mask 255.255.255.0 
 excluded-ip-address 192.168.4.252 192.168.4.253 
 dns-list 192.168.120.20 
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user cwy password cipher %$%$~0[9O@t$:>vGS*(S|%G.Tw==%$%$
 local-user cwy privilege level 15
 local-user cwy service-type ssh
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface Ethernet0/0/0
#
interface Ethernet0/0/1
#
interface Ethernet0/0/2
#
interface Ethernet0/0/3
#
interface Ethernet0/0/4
#
interface Ethernet0/0/5
#
interface Ethernet0/0/6
#
interface Ethernet0/0/7
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 10.0.11.2 255.255.255.0 
 dhcp select global
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 10.0.12.2 255.255.255.0 
 dhcp select global
#
interface GigabitEthernet2/0/0
 ip address 20.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 
 nat server protocol tcp global current-interface www inside 192.168.120.20 www
 nat outbound 2000
#
interface NULL0
#
ospf 1 
 default-route-advertise
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.0.11.2 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.0.12.2 0.0.0.0 
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 20.1.1.1
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 20.1.1.2
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
 authentication-mode aaa
 protocol inbound ssh
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

AR2

[AR2]DIS current-configuration 
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname AR2
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load flash:/portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 wlan ac-global carrier id other ac id 0
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 20.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 20.1.2.2 255.255.255.252 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

SW1

[SW1]DIS CU	
[SW1]DIS current-configuration 
#
sysname SW1
#
vlan batch 10 to 14 30 40 50 60 100 120
#
stp instance 1 root primary
stp instance 2 root secondary
#
lacp priority 2000
#
cluster enable
ntdp enable
ndp enable
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
dhcp enable
#
diffserv domain default
#
stp region-configuration
 region-name xiaoyuanwang
 revision-level 1
 instance 1 vlan 13 to 14 30 40
 instance 2 vlan 11 to 12 50 60 100
 active region-configuration
#
drop-profile default
#
dhcp server group 1
 dhcp-server 192.168.100.1 0
 dhcp-server 192.168.100.2 1
#
ip pool b
 gateway-list 192.168.30.254
 network 192.168.30.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 excluded-ip-address 192.168.30.252 192.168.30.253
 dns-list 8.8.8.8
#
ip pool c
 gateway-list 192.168.40.254
 network 192.168.40.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 excluded-ip-address 192.168.40.252 192.168.40.253
 dns-list 8.8.8.8
#
ip pool d
 gateway-list 192.168.50.254
 network 192.168.50.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 excluded-ip-address 192.168.50.252 192.168.50.253
 dns-list 8.8.8.8
#
ip pool e
 gateway-list 192.168.60.254
 network 192.168.60.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 excluded-ip-address 192.168.60.252 192.168.60.253
 dns-list 8.8.8.8
#
aaa
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default
 domain default_admin
 local-user admin password simple admin
 local-user admin service-type http
#
interface Vlanif1
 ip address 10.0.11.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface Vlanif10
#
interface Vlanif11
 ip address 192.168.1.252 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 11 virtual-ip 192.168.1.254
 dhcp select relay
 dhcp relay server-ip 10.0.12.2
#
interface Vlanif12
 ip address 192.168.2.252 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 12 virtual-ip 192.168.2.254
 dhcp select relay
 dhcp relay server-ip 10.0.12.2
#
interface Vlanif13
 ip address 192.168.3.253 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 13 virtual-ip 192.168.3.254
 vrrp vrid 13 priority 120
 vrrp vrid 13 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 reduced 30
 dhcp select relay
 dhcp relay server-ip 10.0.11.2
#
interface Vlanif14
 ip address 192.168.4.253 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 14 virtual-ip 192.168.4.254
 vrrp vrid 14 priority 120
 vrrp vrid 14 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 reduced 30
 dhcp select relay
 dhcp relay server-ip 10.0.11.2
#
interface Vlanif30
 ip address 192.168.30.253 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 30 virtual-ip 192.168.30.254
 vrrp vrid 30 priority 120
 vrrp vrid 30 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 reduced 30
 dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif40
 ip address 192.168.40.253 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 40 virtual-ip 192.168.40.254
 vrrp vrid 40 priority 120
 vrrp vrid 40 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 reduced 30
 dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif50
 ip address 192.168.50.252 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 50 virtual-ip 192.168.50.254
 dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif60
 ip address 192.168.60.252 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 60 virtual-ip 192.168.60.254
 dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif100
#
interface Vlanif120
 ip address 192.168.120.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface MEth0/0/1
#
interface Eth-Trunk1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 11 to 14 30 40 50 60 100 120
 mode lacp-static
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type access
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 eth-trunk 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 11 to 14 30 40 50 60 100 120
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 11 to 14 30 40 50 60 100 120
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5
 eth-trunk 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/6
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 11 to 14 30 40 50 60 100 120
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/7
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 11 to 14 30 40 50 60 100 120
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/8
 eth-trunk 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/9
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 11 to 14 30 40 50 60 100 120
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/11
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/12
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/13
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/14
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/16
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/17
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/18
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/19
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/20
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/21
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/22
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/23
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24
#
interface NULL0
#
ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
 area 0.0.0.0
  network 10.0.11.1 0.0.0.0
  network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
  network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
  network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255
  network 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255
  network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
#
user-interface con 0
user-interface vty 0 4
#
port-group 1
 group-member GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 group-member GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 group-member GigabitEthernet0/0/4
 group-member GigabitEthernet0/0/5
 group-member GigabitEthernet0/0/6
 group-member GigabitEthernet0/0/7
 group-member GigabitEthernet0/0/8
#
return

SW2

省略,相较SW1镜像配置,大差不差

SW3

SW4

SW5

SW6

以上作为汇聚层设备正常划分接口即可,不贴配置

SW7

[SW7]dis cu	
[SW7]dis current-configuration 
#
sysname SW7
#
vlan batch 11 to 14 30 40 50 60 100 120
#
cluster enable
ntdp enable
ndp enable
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
dhcp enable
#
diffserv domain default
#
drop-profile default
#
aaa
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default
 domain default_admin
 local-user admin password simple admin
 local-user admin service-type http
#
interface Vlanif1
#
interface Vlanif120
 ip address 192.168.120.254 255.255.255.0
 dhcp select interface
 dhcp server excluded-ip-address 192.168.120.2
 dhcp server excluded-ip-address 192.168.120.20
#
interface MEth0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 11 to 14 30 40 50 60 100 120
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 120
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 120
#

AC1

#
aaa
 authentication-scheme default
 authentication-scheme radius
  authentication-mode radius
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default
  authentication-scheme radius
  radius-server default
 domain default_admin
  authentication-scheme default
 local-user admin password irreversible-cipher $1a$DH,gPh*r[H$j*hi5j>lG!S7X[Tw%}
z5c{1(Y4pjF,|Qlr0kVa}$$
 local-user admin privilege level 15
 local-user admin service-type http
#
interface Vlanif30
#
interface Vlanif40
#
interface Vlanif50
#
interface Vlanif60
#
interface Vlanif100
 ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 100 virtual-ip 192.168.100.254
 vrrp vrid 100 priority 120
 dhcp select global
#
interface MEth0/0/1
 undo negotiation auto
 duplex half
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 11 to 14 30 40 50 60 100 120
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/6
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/7
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/8
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/9
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/11
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/12
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/13
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/14
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/16
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/17
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/18
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/19
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/20
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/21
 undo negotiation auto
 duplex half
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/22
 undo negotiation auto
 duplex half
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/23
 undo negotiation auto
 duplex half
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24
 undo negotiation auto
 duplex half
#
interface XGigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
interface XGigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
ssh server secure-algorithms cipher aes256_ctr aes128_ctr
ssh server key-exchange dh_group14_sha1
ssh client secure-algorithms cipher aes256_ctr aes128_ctr
ssh client secure-algorithms hmac sha2_256
ssh client key-exchange dh_group14_sha1
#
capwap source ip-address 192.168.100.254
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
 protocol inbound all
user-interface vty 16 20
 protocol inbound all
#
hsb-service 0
 service-ip-port local-ip 192.168.100.1 peer-ip 192.168.100.2 local-data-port 10
244 peer-data-port 10244
#
hsb-group 0
 track vrrp vrid 100 interface Vlanif100
 bind-service 0
 hsb enable
#
hsb-service-type access-user hsb-group 0
#
hsb-service-type dhcp hsb-group 0
#
hsb-service-type ap hsb-group 0
#
wlan
 ac protect protect-ac 192.168.100.2 priority 1
 traffic-profile name default
 security-profile name ss
  security wpa-wpa2 psk pass-phrase %^%#vjQ<1z)&BR,DvuF\MZ0%hNSUHt~L|;n[h]SwYtV:
%^%# aes
 security-profile name xy
  security wpa-wpa2 psk pass-phrase %^%#sJa:Pm|3@'!5s5#R'i;*:-[79&c<f<`4jf2ZqR7(
%^%# aes
 security-profile name default
 security-profile name default-wds
 security-profile name default-mesh
 ssid-profile name ss
  ssid XYW
 ssid-profile name xy
  ssid xy
 ssid-profile name default
 vap-profile name ss
  service-vlan vlan-pool 1
  ssid-profile ss
  security-profile ss
 vap-profile name xy
  service-vlan vlan-pool 2
  ssid-profile xy
  security-profile xy
 vap-profile name default
 wds-profile name default
 mesh-handover-profile name default
 mesh-profile name default
 regulatory-domain-profile name default
 air-scan-profile name default
 rrm-profile name default
 radio-2g-profile name default
 radio-5g-profile name default
 wids-spoof-profile name default
 wids-profile name default
 wireless-access-specification
 ap-system-profile name default
 port-link-profile name default
 wired-port-profile name default
 serial-profile name preset-enjoyor-toeap 
 ap-group name sushe
  radio 0
   vap-profile ss wlan 1
 ap-group name default
 ap-group name xiaoyuan
  radio 0
   vap-profile xy wlan 1
 ap-id 1 type-id 61 ap-mac 00e0-fcb0-2cf0 ap-sn 21023544831069399503
  ap-name jiaoxueluo1
  ap-group xiaoyuan
 ap-id 2 type-id 61 ap-mac 00e0-fc0f-02a0 ap-sn 2102354483103B3D6A78
  ap-name jiaoxueluo2
  ap-group xiaoyuan
  radio 0
   channel 20mhz 5
 ap-id 3 type-id 61 ap-mac 00e0-fc04-6450 ap-sn 210235448310EE24A52A
  ap-name sushe
  ap-group sushe
 ap-id 4 type-id 61 ap-mac 00e0-fcca-0640 ap-sn 210235448310E066C939
  ap-name jifang
  ap-group xiaoyuan
 provision-ap
#
dot1x-access-profile name dot1x_access_profile
#
mac-access-profile name mac_access_profile
#
return

AC2

与AC1差不多,做了HSB将重要数据传入AC2进行备份,与AC1构成双机热备

改进

该网络对于安全性仍然有很大的提升空间,出口风险,出口为路由器可换作防火墙;DHCP服务风险,开启DHCP Snooping防止私接小路由导致全网崩溃,开启边缘端口防护,根保护等措施;OSPF风险,开启OSPF认证;可配置ssh便于日后管理与维护;服务器未启用sll,安全性低

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