Android用PopupWindow实现弹出菜单实例

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本文介绍如何在Android中创建带有动画效果的自定义PopupWindow，包括界面设计、代码实现及运行效果。

step1:新建项目PopWindow,并导入菜单项使用的图片到/res/drawable目录下

Android用PopupWindow实现弹出菜单实例（项目总览图）（drawable目录截图）

step2:设置应用的UI界面

a.应用的总体界面，main.xml

01
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

02
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

03
    android:orientation="vertical"

04
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"

05
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"

06
    android:id="@+id/main"

07
    >

08
<Button 

09
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"

10
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"

11
    android:text="@string/button"

12
    android:onClick="openPopWindow"

13
    />

14
</LinearLayout>

b.弹出菜单的界面，popwindow.xml

1
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

2
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

3
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"

4
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"android:background="@drawable/rectangle">  <!--
 设置一个手绘的长方形背景 -->

5
    <GridView android:layout_width="fill_parent"

6
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:numColumns="4"

7
        android:horizontalSpacing="10dp" android:verticalSpacing="10dp"

8
        android:id="@+id/gridView" />

9
</LinearLayout>

其中的android:background="@drawable/rectangle"是引用rectangle.xml

1
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

2
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

3
    android:shape="rectangle">

4
    <gradient android:startColor="#1DC9CD" android:endColor="#A2E0FB"

5
        android:angle="270" />

6
    <padding android:left="2dp" android:top="2dp" android:right="2dp"

7
        android:bottom="2dp" />

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</shape>

c.每个菜单项的界面，grid_item.xml

01
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

02
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

03
    android:layout_width="match_parent"

04
    android:layout_height="match_parent"

05
    android:orientation="vertical"

06
    android:gravity="center"

07
    >

08
    <ImageView

09
         android:layout_width="wrap_content"

10
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"

11
         android:id="@+id/imageView"

12
        />

13
    <TextView

14
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"

15
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

16
        android:gravity="center"

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        android:textSize="16sp"

18
        android:textColor="#000099"

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        android:id="@+id/textView"

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        />

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</LinearLayout>

d:为菜单设置一个style，用于指定菜单弹出时和退出时的动画效果 styles.xml

1
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

2
<resources>

3
    <style name="animation">

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        <item name="android:windowEnterAnimation">@anim/enter</item> 

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     <itemname="android:windowExitAnimation">@anim/exit</item>

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    </style>

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</resources>

其中enter.xml

01
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

02
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

03
    android:shareInterpolator="false">

04
    <translate

05
        android:fromYDelta="100%p"

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        android:toYDelta="0"

07
        android:duration="500"

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        />

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    <alpha

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        android:fromAlpha="0.7"

11
        android:toAlpha="1.0"

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        android:duration="300"

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        />  

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</set>

exit.xml

01
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

02
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

03
    android:shareInterpolator="false">

04
    <translate

05
        android:fromYDelta="0"

06
        android:toYDelta="100%p"

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        android:duration="2000"

08
        />

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    <alpha

10
        android:fromAlpha="1.0"

11
        android:toAlpha="0.5"

12
        android:duration="1000"

13
        />  

14
</set>

step3:MainActivity.java

01
package cn.roco.popwindow;

02
 
03
import java.util.ArrayList;

04
import java.util.HashMap;

05
import java.util.List;

06
 
07
import android.app.Activity;

08
import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable;

09
import android.os.Bundle;

10
import android.view.Gravity;

11
import android.view.View;

12
import android.view.ViewGroup;

13
import android.widget.AdapterView;

14
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;

15
import android.widget.GridView;

16
import android.widget.ListAdapter;

17
import android.widget.PopupWindow;

18
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;

19
 
20
public class MainActivity extends Activity
 {

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    private PopupWindow
 popupWindow;

22
    private View
 parent;

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    /**菜单弹出来时候的菜单项图案*/

24
    private int[]
 images = { R.drawable.i1, R.drawable.i2, R.drawable.i3,

25
            R.drawable.i4,
 R.drawable.i5, R.drawable.i6, R.drawable.i7,

26
            R.drawable.i8
 };

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    /**菜单弹出来时候的菜单项文字*/

28
    privateString[]
 names = { "搜索", "文件管理", "下载管理", "全屏", "网址", "书签", "加入书签",

29
            "分享页面" };

30
 
31
    @Override

32
    public void onCreate(Bundle
 savedInstanceState) {

33
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

34
        setContentView(R.layout.main);

35
        /**PopupWindow的界面*/

36
        View
 contentView = getLayoutInflater()

37
                .inflate(R.layout.popwindow, null);

38
        /**网格布局界面*/

39
        GridView
 gridView = (GridView) contentView.findViewById(R.id.gridView);

40
        /**设置网格布局的适配器*/

41
        gridView.setAdapter(getAdapter());

42
        /**设置网格布局的菜单项点击时候的Listener*/

43
        gridView.setOnItemClickListener(new ItemClickListener());

44
        /**初始化PopupWindow*/

45
        popupWindow
 = new PopupWindow(contentView,

46
                ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,

47
                ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);

48
        popupWindow.setFocusable(true);//
 取得焦点

49
        popupWindow.setBackgroundDrawable(new BitmapDrawable());

50
        /**设置PopupWindow弹出和退出时候的动画效果*/

51
        popupWindow.setAnimationStyle(R.style.animation);

52
         
53
        parent
 = this.findViewById(R.id.main);

54
    }

55
     
56
    private final class ItemClickListener implements OnItemClickListener{

57
        @Override

58
        public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?>
 parent, View view, int position,

59
                long id)
 {

60
            if (popupWindow.isShowing())
 {

61
                popupWindow.dismiss();//关闭

62
            }

63
        }

64
    }

65
     
66
    /**返回网格布局的适配器*/

67
    private ListAdapter
 getAdapter() {

68
        List<HashMap<String,
 Object>> data = new ArrayList<HashMap<String,
 Object>>();

69
        for (int i
 = 0;
 i < images.length; i++) {

70
            HashMap<String,
 Object> item = new HashMap<String,
 Object>();

71
            item.put("image",
 images[i]);

72
            item.put("name",
 names[i]);

73
            data.add(item);

74
        }

75
        SimpleAdapter
 simpleAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(this,
 data,

76
                R.layout.grid_item, new String[]
 { "image", "name" },

77
                new int[]
 { R.id.imageView, R.id.textView });

78
        return simpleAdapter;

79
    }

80
 
81
    public void openPopWindow(View
 v) {

82
        /**设置PopupWindow弹出后的位置*/

83
        popupWindow.showAtLocation(parent,
 Gravity.BOTTOM, 0, 0);

84
    }

85
}

step4:AndroidManifest.xml

01
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

02
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

03
      package="cn.roco.popwindow"

04
      android:versionCode="1"

05
      android:versionName="1.0">

06
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />

07
 
08
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">

09
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity"

10
                  android:label="@string/app_name">

11
            <intent-filter>

12
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

13
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />

14
            </intent-filter>

15
        </activity>

16
 
17
    </application>

18
</manifest>