The Suspects(并查集)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), an atypical pneumonia of unknown aetiology,
 was recognized as a global threat in mid-March 2003. To minimize transmission to others,
the best strategy is to separate the suspects from others.
In the Not-Spreading-Your-Sickness University (NSYSU), there are many student groups.
Students in the same group intercommunicate with each other frequently, and a student
may join several groups. To prevent the possible transmissions of SARS, the NSYSU
collects the member lists of all student groups, and makes the following rule in their
standard operation procedure (SOP).
Once a member in a group is a suspect, all members in the group are suspects.
However, they find that it is not easy to identify all the suspects when a student
is recognized as a suspect. Your job is to write a program which finds all the suspects.

Input

The input file contains several cases. Each test case begins with two integers n and m in a line,
 where n is the number of students, and m is the number of groups.
You may assume that 0 < n <= 30000 and 0 <= m <= 500. Every student is numbered
by a unique integer between 0 and n−1, and initially student 0 is recognized as
 a suspect in all the cases. This line is followed by m member lists of the groups,
 one line per group. Each line begins with an integer k by itself representing the
number of members in the group. Following the number of members, there are
k integers representing the students in this group. All the integers in a line are
 separated by at least one space.
A case with n = 0 and m = 0 indicates the end of the input, and need not be processed.

Output

For each case, output the number of suspects in one line.

Sample Input

100 4
2 1 2
5 10 13 11 12 14
2 0 1
2 99 2
200 2
1 5
5 1 2 3 4 5
1 0
0 0

Sample Output

4
1
1

题意：有一个学校，有N个学生，编号为0-N-1，现在0号学生感染了非典，凡是和0在一个社团的人就会感染，
并且这些人如果还参加了别的社团，他所在的社团照样全部感染，求感染的人数。
分析：分社团将学生加入并查集，最后找根结点为0的元素个数。
#include<stdio.h>
int pre[300005];
int find(int x)
{
    return pre[x]==x?x:pre[x]=find(pre[x]);//找父结点并压缩路径。
}
void Merge(int a,int b) //加入并查集。
{
    int f1=find(a);
    int f2=find(b);
    
    if(f1==0)//保证根结点一定是0
        pre[f2]=f1;
    
    else if(f2==0)
        pre[f1]=f2;

    else
        pre[f1]=f2;
}
int main()
{
    int n,m,mem[30005];
    int k,i,j;
    while(scanf("%d%d",&n,&m) && (n+m))
    {
        for(i=0;i<=n;i++)
            pre[i]=i;

        for(i=0;i<m;i++)
        {
            scanf("%d",&k);

            for(j=0;j<k;j++)
                scanf("%d",&mem[j]);

            for(j=1;j<k;j++)
                Merge(mem[0],mem[j]); //加入并查集中。

        }

        int ans=0;

        for(i=0;i<n;i++)
            if(0==find(i)) //找根结点为0的集合。
                ans++;

        printf("%d\n",ans);
    }
    return 0;
}