RFT框架

最近分析了一下IBM框架（也叫ITCL框架）。

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/06/0822_goel/

 

这个框架采用了三层架构：对象层、任务层和测试用例层。

• AppObjects: where you will store information about your application’s GUI elements. It is also where you will write your Getter Methods, which return objects enabling the Caller to query and manipulate these GUI elements. Typically, these methods are called within the Task layer.
• Tasks: where you will write reusable methods that exercise common functions in your application. It is also where you will write methods to manipulate and query complex, application-specific controls. Methods in the Task are called by Test Cases.
• Test Cases: methods that navigate through an application, verify its state, and log results.

 

对象层：存储AUT的GUI元素信息，并且由框架自动创建Getter方法用于返回对象。例如，登录窗口的用户名输入框、密码输入框、确认登录按钮等对象的获取都可放在名为Login的测试脚本中，Login放在名为AppObject的包里。

    public WButton getButton_signInsubmit() {

        TestObject to = button_signInsubmit(ANY, NO_STATE);

        return new WButton(to);

    }

 

    public WTextField getText_login() {

        TestObject to = text_login(ANY, NO_STATE);

        return new WTextField(to);

    }

 

    public WTextField getText_passwd() {

        TestObject to = text_passwd(ANY, NO_STATE);

        return new WTextField(to);

    }

 

任务层：在这一层中编写可重用的方法用于执行针对AUT的通用功能。例如，在LoginTask中编写AssignLoginInfo方法用于登录时的用户名和密码输入的脚本。这些脚本都统一放在名为Tasks的包里。

    //DECLARE THE OBJECT OF THE SCRIPTS EXIST IN APPOBJECT

    public AppObject.Login lgn = new AppObject.Login();

   

    public void AssignLoginInfo()

    {

        lgn.getText_login().setText("abc");

        lgn.getText_passwd().setText("New1");      

    }

 

用例层：编写测试用例的脚本的地方，一般用于实现业务流程的测试。例如，在YahooLogin脚本中实现登录的全过程。这些脚本都统一放在名为TestCase的包里。

 

    //DECLARE THE OBJECT OF THE SCRIPTS EXIST IN TASKS

    //OBJECT CREATION OF TASKS LOGINTASK SCRIPT

    public Tasks.LoginTask lt = new Tasks.LoginTask();

 

    public void testMain(Object[] args)

    {

        //INVOKING THE BROWSER

        startBrowser("mail.yahoo.com");

        //ASSIGNED THE USER NAME AND LOGIN INFO

        lt.AssignLoginInfo();

        //CLICKED ON LOGIN/SUBMIT BUTTON

        lt.lgn.getButton_signInsubmit().click();

        //FURTHER ACTION CAN BE WRITTEN ACCORDIUNLGY

        //...

    }

 

这样的框架的好处是：

1、分层的架构

2、把“what”从“how”中抽离出来

3、代码重用

4、一致和清晰的结构

5、有效的文件组织

6、…

 

关于分层的思想，这篇文章也值得一看：

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/rational/r-cn-rftwindows1/