Netty笔记8----处理HTTP请求和响应

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本文介绍了一个使用Netty实现的HTTP客户端与服务端的案例，详细展示了如何通过Netty的API进行HTTP请求与响应的处理。客户端部分包括了连接建立、请求构建与发送的过程，而服务端则负责接收请求并返回响应。文章深入解析了HTTP请求与响应的编码解码过程。

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Netty笔记8----处理HTTP请求和响应

客户端启动类

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.*;

import java.net.URI;

public class HttpClient {
    public void connect(String host, int port) throws Exception {
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
            b.group(workerGroup);
            b.channel(NioSocketChannel.class);
            b.option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);
            b.handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                @Override
                public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                    // 客户端接收到的是httpResponse响应，所以要使用HttpResponseDecoder进行解码
                    ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpResponseDecoder());
                    // 客户端发送的是httprequest，所以要使用HttpRequestEncoder进行编码
                    ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpRequestEncoder());
                    ch.pipeline().addLast(new com.xdja.http.HttpClientHandler());
                }
            });
            ChannelFuture f = b.connect(host, port).sync();
            URI uri = new URI("http://127.0.0.1:10000");
            String msg = "Are you ok?";
            DefaultFullHttpRequest request = new DefaultFullHttpRequest(
                    HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpMethod.POST, uri.toASCIIString(),
                    Unpooled.wrappedBuffer(msg.getBytes()));
            // 构建http请求
            request.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.HOST, host);
            request.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONNECTION,
                    HttpHeaderNames.CONNECTION);
            request.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_LENGTH,
                    request.content().readableBytes());
            request.headers().set("messageType", "normal");
            request.headers().set("businessType", "testServerState");
            // 发送http请求
            f.channel().write(request);
            f.channel().flush();
            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
        client.connect("127.0.0.1", 10000);
    }
}

客户端实现类

import com.xdja.util.ByteBufToBytes;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpContent;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponse;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpUtil;

import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.getContentLength;
import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.isContentLengthSet;

public class HttpClientHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
    private ByteBufToBytes reader;

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("发送信息");
        super.channelActive(ctx);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg)
            throws Exception {
        System.out.println("接受信息");
        if (msg instanceof HttpResponse) {
            System.out.println("客户端收到HttpResponse:" + System.currentTimeMillis());
            HttpResponse response = (HttpResponse) msg;
            System.out.println("CONTENT_TYPE:"
                    + response.headers().get(HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_TYPE));
            if (HttpUtil.isContentLengthSet(response)) {
                reader = new ByteBufToBytes(
                        (int) HttpUtil.getContentLength(response));
            }
        }
        if (msg instanceof HttpContent) {
            HttpContent httpContent = (HttpContent) msg;
            ByteBuf content = httpContent.content();
            reader.reading(content);
            content.release();
            if (reader.isEnd()) {
                String resultStr = new String(reader.readFull());
                System.out.println("客户端收到HttpContent:" + System.currentTimeMillis());
                System.out.println("Server said:" + resultStr);
                ctx.close();
            }
        }
    }
}

服务端启动类

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseEncoder;

public class HttpServer {

    public void start(int port) throws Exception {
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
            b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch)
                                throws Exception {
                            // server端发送的是httpResponse，所以要使用HttpResponseEncoder进行编码
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(
                                    new HttpResponseEncoder());
                            // server端接收到的是httpRequest，所以要使用HttpRequestDecoder进行解码
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(
                                    new HttpRequestDecoder());
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(
                                    new HttpServerHandler());
                        }
                    }).option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128)
                    .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);
            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync();

            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        HttpServer server = new HttpServer();
        server.start(10000);
    }
}

服务端实现类

import com.xdja.util.ByteBufToBytes;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.*;

import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_TYPE;
import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.getContentLength;
import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.isContentLengthSet;
import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus.OK;
import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1;
import static io.netty.handler.codec.rtsp.RtspHeaders.Names.CONNECTION;
import static io.netty.handler.codec.rtsp.RtspHeaders.Names.CONTENT_LENGTH;


/**
 * @Author : haojiangtao
 * @Description :
 * @Date : 11:46 2018/7/24
 * @Modify :
 **/
public class HttpServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
    private ByteBufToBytes reader;

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg)
            throws Exception {
        if (msg instanceof HttpRequest) {
            HttpRequest request = (HttpRequest) msg;
            System.out.println("服务端收到HttpRequest：" + System.currentTimeMillis());
            System.out.println("messageType:" + request.headers().get("messageType"));
            System.out.println("businessType:" + request.headers().get("businessType"));
            if (HttpUtil.isContentLengthSet(request)){
                reader = new ByteBufToBytes((int) HttpUtil.getContentLength(request));
            }
        }
        if (msg instanceof HttpContent) {
            HttpContent httpContent = (HttpContent) msg;
            ByteBuf content = httpContent.content();
            reader.reading(content);
            content.release();
            if (reader.isEnd()) {
                String resultStr = new String(reader.readFull());
                System.out.println("服务端收到HttpContent" + System.currentTimeMillis());
                System.out.println("Client said:" + resultStr);
                FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(
                        HTTP_1_1, OK, Unpooled.wrappedBuffer("I am ok"
                        .getBytes()));
                response.headers().set(CONTENT_TYPE, "text/plain");
                response.headers().set(CONTENT_LENGTH,
                        response.content().readableBytes());
                response.headers().set(CONNECTION, HttpHeaders.Values.KEEP_ALIVE);
                ctx.write(response);
                ctx.flush();
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        ctx.flush();
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause)
            throws Exception {
        ctx.close();
    }
}