中断之中断请求队列的初始化

参考文章：http://bbs.chinaunix.net/thread-3566316-1-1.html

参考文章：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-02/32129.htm

在“初始化中断向量表”的博文中，我们留下了一个问题，就是

void __init native_init_IRQ(void)
{
    int i;

    /* Execute any quirks before the call gates are initialised: */
    x86_init.irqs.pre_vector_init(); //调用 init_ISA_irqs ，我们将在“中断队列初始化”的博文中详述
    .......
}

而

/*
 * The platform setup functions are preset with the default functions
 * for standard PC hardware.
 */
struct x86_init_ops x86_init __initdata = {

。。。。。。

.irqs = {.pre_vector_init = init_ISA_irqs,.intr_init = native_init_IRQ,.trap_init = x86_init_noop,},

。。。。。。

}


因此，最终调用init_ISA_irqs，这是个异常重要的函数，我们的中断队列初始化的工作就主要由它来完成。
在讲解init_ISA_irqs之前，我们先来看一些重要的数据结构：

/*
 * Core internal functions to deal with irq descriptors
 *
 * This include will move to kernel/irq once we cleaned up the tree.
 * For now it's included from <linux/irq.h>
 */

struct irq_affinity_notify;
struct proc_dir_entry;
struct timer_rand_state;
/**
 * struct irq_desc - interrupt descriptor
 * @irq_data:		per irq and chip data passed down to chip functions
 * @timer_rand_state:	pointer to timer rand state struct
 * @kstat_irqs:		irq stats per cpu
 * @handle_irq:		highlevel irq-events handler
 * @preflow_handler:	handler called before the flow handler (currently used by sparc)
 * @action:		the irq action chain
 * @status:		status information
 * @core_internal_state__do_not_mess_with_it: core internal status information
 * @depth:		disable-depth, for nested irq_disable() calls
 * @wake_depth:		enable depth, for multiple irq_set_irq_wake() callers
 * @irq_count:		stats field to detect stalled irqs
 * @last_unhandled:	aging timer for unhandled count
 * @irqs_unhandled:	stats field for spurious unhandled interrupts
 * @lock:		locking for SMP
 * @affinity_hint:	hint to user space for preferred irq affinity
 * @affinity_notify:	context for notification of affinity changes
 * @pending_mask:	pending rebalanced interrupts
 * @threads_oneshot:	bitfield to handle shared oneshot threads
 * @threads_active:	number of irqaction threads currently running
 * @wait_for_threads:	wait queue for sync_irq to wait for threaded handlers
 * @dir:		/proc/irq/ procfs entry
 * @name:		flow handler name for /proc/interrupts output
 */
struct irq_desc {
	struct irq_data		irq_data;
	struct timer_rand_state *timer_rand_state;
	unsigned int __percpu	*kstat_irqs;
	irq_flow_handler_t	handle_irq; //指向一些函数指针，用于该队列，或者说该共用“中断通道”的控制（并不是对具体中断源的服务）。
#ifdef CONFIG_IRQ_PREFLOW_FASTEOI
	irq_preflow_handler_t	preflow_handler;
#endif
	struct irqaction	*action;	/* IRQ action list 由中断服务程序构成的单链表队列*/ 
	unsigned int		status_use_accessors;
	unsigned int		core_internal_state__do_not_mess_with_it;
	unsigned int		depth;		/* nested irq disables */
	unsigned int		wake_depth;	/* nested wake enables */
	unsigned int		irq_count;	/* For detecting broken IRQs */
	unsigned long		last_unhandled;	/* Aging timer for unhandled count */
	unsigned int		irqs_unhandled;
	raw_spinlock_t		lock;
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	const struct cpumask	*affinity_hint;
	struct irq_affinity_notify *affinity_notify;
#ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_PENDING_IRQ
	cpumask_var_t		pending_mask;
#endif
#endif
	unsigned long		threads_oneshot;
	atomic_t		threads_active;
	wait_queue_head_t       wait_for_threads;
#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
	struct proc_dir_entry	*dir;
#endif
	const char		*name;
} ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;





这个数据结构中的第一字段需要给予特殊的关注，因为这相比于2.4有很大的区别：

    
    
    

     
     
     
/**
 * struct irq_data - per irq and irq chip data passed down to chip functions
 * @irq:		interrupt number
 * @node:		node index useful for balancing
 * @state_use_accessors: status information for irq chip functions.
 *			Use accessor functions to deal with it
 * @chip:		low level interrupt hardware access
 * @handler_data:	per-IRQ data for the irq_chip methods
 * @chip_data:		platform-specific per-chip private data for the chip
 *			methods, to allow shared chip implementations
 * @msi_desc:		MSI descriptor
 * @affinity:		IRQ affinity on SMP
 *
 * The fields here need to overlay the ones in irq_desc until we
 * cleaned up the direct references and switched everything over to
 * irq_data.
 */
struct irq_data {
	unsigned int		irq;
	unsigned int		node;
	unsigned int		state_use_accessors;
	struct irq_chip		*chip;
	void			*handler_data;
	void			*chip_data;
	struct msi_desc		*msi_desc;
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	cpumask_var_t		affinity;
#endif
};











    
    
    

    
    
    


     
     
     


      
      
      


       
       
       
在这个结构中，我们需要关注字段*chip：

      
      
      

     
     
     

    
    
    

    
    
    


     
     
     

      
      
      
/**
 * struct irq_chip - hardware interrupt chip descriptor
 *
 * @name:		name for /proc/interrupts
 * @irq_startup:	start up the interrupt (defaults to ->enable if NULL)
 * @irq_shutdown:	shut down the interrupt (defaults to ->disable if NULL)
 * @irq_enable:		enable the interrupt (defaults to chip->unmask if NULL)
 * @irq_disable:	disable the interrupt
 * @irq_ack:		start of a new interrupt
 * @irq_mask:		mask an interrupt source
 * @irq_mask_ack:	ack and mask an interrupt source
 * @irq_unmask:		unmask an interrupt source
 * @irq_eoi:		end of interrupt
 * @irq_set_affinity:	set the CPU affinity on SMP machines
 * @irq_retrigger:	resend an IRQ to the CPU
 * @irq_set_type:	set the flow type (IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL/etc.) of an IRQ
 * @irq_set_wake:	enable/disable power-management wake-on of an IRQ
 * @irq_bus_lock:	function to lock access to slow bus (i2c) chips
 * @irq_bus_sync_unlock:function to sync and unlock slow bus (i2c) chips
 * @irq_cpu_online:	configure an interrupt source for a secondary CPU
 * @irq_cpu_offline:	un-configure an interrupt source for a secondary CPU
 * @irq_suspend:	function called from core code on suspend once per chip
 * @irq_resume:		function called from core code on resume once per chip
 * @irq_pm_shutdown:	function called from core code on shutdown once per chip
 * @irq_print_chip:	optional to print special chip info in show_interrupts
 * @flags:		chip specific flags
 *
 * @release:		release function solely used by UML
 */
struct irq_chip {
	const char	*name;
	unsigned int	(*irq_startup)(struct irq_data *data);
	void		(*irq_shutdown)(struct irq_data *data);
	void		(*irq_enable)(struct irq_data *data);
	void		(*irq_disable)(struct irq_data *data);

	void		(*irq_ack)(struct irq_data *data);
	void		(*irq_mask)(struct irq_data *data);
	void		(*irq_mask_ack)(struct irq_data *data);
	void		(*irq_unmask)(struct irq_data *data);
	void		(*irq_eoi)(struct irq_data *data);

	int		(*irq_set_affinity)(struct irq_data *data, const struct cpumask *dest, bool force);
	int		(*irq_retrigger)(struct irq_data *data);
	int		(*irq_set_type)(struct irq_data *data, unsigned int flow_type);
	int		(*irq_set_wake)(struct irq_data *data, unsigned int on);

	void		(*irq_bus_lock)(struct irq_data *data);
	void		(*irq_bus_sync_unlock)(struct irq_data *data);

	void		(*irq_cpu_online)(struct irq_data *data);
	void		(*irq_cpu_offline)(struct irq_data *data);

	void		(*irq_suspend)(struct irq_data *data);
	void		(*irq_resume)(struct irq_data *data);
	void		(*irq_pm_shutdown)(struct irq_data *data);

	void		(*irq_print_chip)(struct irq_data *data, struct seq_file *p);

	unsigned long	flags;

	/* Currently used only by UML, might disappear one day.*/
#ifdef CONFIG_IRQ_RELEASE_METHOD
	void		(*release)(unsigned int irq, void *dev_id);
#endif
};

     
     
     

    
    
    

    
    
    

     
     
     这个结构体和2.4内核中的hw_interrupt_type()功能类似，其初始化是在init_ISA_irqs中完成的：
     
     
     


    
    
    

    
    
    

     
     
     
void __init init_ISA_irqs(void)
{
	struct irq_chip *chip = legacy_pic->chip;
	const char *name = chip->name;
	int i;

#if defined(CONFIG_X86_64) || defined(CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC)
	init_bsp_APIC();
#endif
	legacy_pic->init(0);

	for (i = 0; i < legacy_pic->nr_legacy_irqs; i++)
		irq_set_chip_and_handler_name(i, chip, handle_level_irq, name);
}

    
    
    

    
    
    


     
     
     


      
      
      
其中，legacy_pic是全局变量：struct legacy_pic *legacy_pic = &default_legacy_pic;



     
     
     

    
    
    

    
    
    


     
     
     

      
      
      
struct legacy_pic default_legacy_pic = {
	.nr_legacy_irqs = NR_IRQS_LEGACY,  // = 16
	.chip  = &i8259A_chip,
	.mask = mask_8259A_irq,
	.unmask = unmask_8259A_irq,
	.mask_all &#