椋鸟C++笔记#5：C++内存管理

萌新的学习笔记，写错了恳请斧正。

C语言中的动态内存管理

C语言中，我们使用malloc、calloc、realloc、free来动态管理内存。

int main()
{
   
    int* p = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int));	//动态开辟
    free(p);
    int* q = (int*)calloc(4, sizeof(int));	//动态开辟并赋值
    int* r = (int*)realloc(q, 10 * sizeof(int));	//重新分配空间
    free(r);
}

C++中的动态内存管理

C++中有更简单方便的内存管理方式，那就是使用new、delete来管理内存。

使用new/delete操作内置类型

注意：如果使用new开辟空间就用delete删除，如果使用new[]开辟数组就用delete[]删除。

1. 动态申请与删除一个内置类型变量的空间：

   int* pi = new int;
   int* pf = new float;
   int* pl = new long;
   int* pb = new bool;
   
   delete pi;
   delete pf;
   delete pl;
   delete pb;
   

2. 动态申请与删除一个内置类型变量的空间并完成初始化：

   int* pi = new int(114514);
   int* pf = new float(3.14f);
   int* pl = new long(1145141919810);
   int* pb = new bool(true);
   
   delete pi;
   delete pf;
   delete pl;
   delete pb;
   

3. 动态申请与删除内置类型变量数组的空间：

   int* pi = new int[5];
   int* pf = new float[5];
   int* pl = new long[5];
   int* pb = new bool[5];
   
   delete[] pi;
   delete