本文详细介绍LVM(Logical Volume Manager)的基本操作流程，包括物理卷、卷组及逻辑卷的创建与管理，并演示如何扩展与缩减卷大小。此外，还提供了通过命令行监控LVM状态的方法。
Lvm
##1.LVM建立##
1.划分物理分区并把分区id修改为8e
pvs|pvdisplay
vgs|vgdisplay
lvs|lvdisplay
watch -n 1 \
'echo "=== pvinfo ==="\
;pvs\
;echo "=== vginfo ==="\
;vgs\
;echo === lvinfo ===\
;lvs'
pvcreate /dev/vdb1
vgcreate westos /dev/vdb1
lvcreate -L 100M -n lv0 westos
mkfs.xfs /dev/westos/lv0
mount /dev/westos/lv0 /mnt/
lvextend -L 200M /dev/westos/lv0
xfs_growfs /dev/westos/lv0
pvcreate /dev/vdb2
vgextend westos
/dev/vdb2
lvextend -L 600M /dev/westos/lv0
umount /mnt/
e2fsck -f /dev/westos/lv0
resize2fs /dev/westos/lv0 550M
lvreduce -L 550M /dev/westos/lv0
pvmove /dev/vdb1 /dev/vdb2
vgreduce westos /dev/vdb1
pvremove /dev/vdb1
lvcreate -L 10M -n lv0-backup -s/dev/westos/lv0
1.普通分区
2.swap
3.分区加密
4.分区配额
5.磁盘阵列
6.lvm
7.iscsi
具体操作
[root@localhostDesktop]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00013f3e
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vda1 * 2048 20970332 10484142+ 83 Linux
Disk /dev/vdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/vdc: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[root@localhost Desktop]# fdisk /dev/vdc
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x1eea7aae.
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-16777215, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-16777215, default 16777215):+1G
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 2
First sector (2099200-16777215, default 2099200):
Using default value 2099200
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2099200-16777215, default 16777215):+1G
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (3,4, default 3): 3
First sector (4196352-16777215, default 4196352):
Using default value 4196352
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (4196352-16777215, default 16777215):+1G
Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)
e extended
Select (default e): e
Selected partition 4
First sector (6293504-16777215, default 6293504):
Using default value 6293504
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (6293504-16777215, default 16777215):
Using default value 16777215
Partition 4 of type Extended and of size 5 GiB is set
Command (m for help): l
0 Empty 24 NEC
DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 Hidden
NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan
9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec
(FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2
hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix
80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 41 PPC
PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FSdata
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS
volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux
plaintext de DellUtility
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x
2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x
3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS
access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrackDM 94 Amoeba
BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack
DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM
Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack
DM6Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI
(FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC
b
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden
Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam
Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin
boot f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU
HURD or Sys af HFS /HFS+ fb VMware
VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell
Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware
VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell
Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux
raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot
Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris
boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old
Minix
Command (m for help): wq
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost Desktop]# partprobe
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr1 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr1 has been opened read-only.
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr1 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr1 has been opened read-only.
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr1 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr1 has been opened read-only.
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr2 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr2 has been opened read-only.
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr2 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr2 has been opened read-only.
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr2 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr2 has been opened read-only.
[root@localhost Desktop]# mkfs.
mkfs.btrfs mkfs.ext2 mkfs.ext4 mkfs.minix mkfs.vfat
mkfs.cramfs mkfs.ext3 mkfs.fat mkfs.msdos mkfs.xfs
[root@localhost Desktop]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00013f3e
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vda1 * 2048 20970332 10484142+ 83 Linux
Disk /dev/vdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/vdc: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x1eea7aae
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vdc1 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/vdc2 2099200 4196351 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/vdc3 4196352 6293503 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/vdc4 6293504 16777215 5241856 5 Extended
[root@localhost Desktop]# mkfs /dev/vdc1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
65536 inodes, 262144 blocks
13107 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=268435456
8 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
[root@localhost Desktop]# mount /dev/vdc1 /mnt
[root@localhost Desktop]# df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted
on
/dev/vda1 10473900 3165380 7308520 31%
/
devtmpfs 927072 0 927072 0%
/dev
tmpfs 942660 140 942520 1%
/dev/shm
tmpfs 942660 17044 925616 2%
/run
tmpfs 942660 0 942660 0%
/sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sr0 3947824 3947824 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-7.2Server.x86_641
/dev/sr1 3947824 3947824 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-7.2Server.x86_642
/dev/sr2 3947824 3947824 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-7.2Server.x86_64
/dev/vdc1 1032088 1284 961992 1%
/mnt
[root@localhost Desktop]# vim /etc/fstab
[root@localhost Desktop]# vim /etc/fstab
[root@localhost Desktop]# mount -a
mount: mount point mountpoint does not exist
[root@localhost Desktop]# df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted
on
/dev/vda1 10473900 3165376 7308524 31%
/
devtmpfs 927072 0 927072 0%
/dev
tmpfs 942660 140 942520 1%
/dev/shm
tmpfs 942660 17044 925616 2%
/run
tmpfs 942660 0 942660 0%
/sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sr0 3947824 3947824 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-7.2Server.x86_641
/dev/sr1 3947824 3947824 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-7.2Server.x86_642
/dev/sr2 3947824 3947824 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-7.2Server.x86_64
/dev/vdc1 1032088 1284 961992 1%
/mnt
[root@localhost Desktop]# mount -a
mount: mount point mountpoint does not exist
[root@localhost Desktop]#
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