loopback地址，静态vlan，trunk的介绍，附实验题

Loopback地址

loopback地址是路由器的逻辑接口，用来模拟网络环境。逻辑接口在查询时不显示。
loopback接口的配置命令是

[R1]int loop
[R1 ]int LoopBack 0
[R1- LoopBack0]ip add “ip地址” “子网掩码”

静态vlan

1.vlan概述与优势

vlan工作于数据链路层，通过在交换机中接入VLAN，加入VLAN，相互的VLAN用来隔离广播域。vlan可以控制广播，增强网络安全性，简化网络管理。静态vlan基于端口划分vlan。

2.vlan的范围

vlan范围	范围	用途
1	正常	默认VLAN
2-1001	正常	用于以太网的vlan，用户可以创建、使用和删除这些VLAN
1002-1005	正常	用于FDDI和令牌环的默认VLAN，用户不能删除这些VLAN
1006-1024	保留	仅限系统使用，用户不能查看和使用这些VLAN
1025-4094	扩展	仅用于以太网VLAN

3.静态VLAN的配置

1.创建VLAN
2.将交换机的端口加入到相应的VLAN中
3.验证VLAN的配置

Trunk

Trunk为每一个vlan提供一条链路，在交换网络中起到接入链路，中继链路的作用。

实验题

实验一

R1配置

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R1
[R1]interface g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.3.2 24 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.1 24 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R1]interface LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 32
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 
return
[R1-LoopBack0]q
[R1]ip route-	
[R1]ip route-static 2.2.2.2 32 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 3.3.3.3 32 192.168.3.1

R2配置

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R2
[R2]interface g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.2.1 24
Apr  6 2021 14:20:02-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.2 24
Apr  6 2021 14:20:24-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R2]interface loopback 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 2.2.2.2 32
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 
[R2-LoopBack0]q
[R2]ip route-	
[R2]ip route-static 1.1.1.1 32 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-	
[R2]ip route-static 3.3.3.3 32 192.168.2.2

R3配置

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl