ubuntu20.04用pip安装mayavi库报错：ERROR: Command errored out with exit status -11

已于 2025-02-28 10:04:32 修改
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文章标签： pip python linux ubuntu
于 2023-04-15 20:21:00 首次发布
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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/RLIRiong/article/details/130174659
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在Ubuntu20.04上使用pip安装mayavi库时遇到错误，报错提到exit status -11。问题在于系统中同时存在vtk的7.1和9.2.6版本。通过手动下载vtk-8.1.2并安装，然后采用传统方式成功解决了安装问题。在Python3.8环境下，该库安装通常比较顺利。

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首先说一下我的配置，ubuntu20.04,python3.6（虚拟环境）

完整报错：

Building wheels for collected packages: mayavi
  Building wheel for mayavi (setup.py) ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: /home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/bin/python -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-le1pjsip
       cwd: /tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/
  Complete output (33 lines):
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
    File "/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/setup.py", line 464, in <module>
      **config
    File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/numpy/distutils/core.py", line 169, in setup
      return old_setup(**new_attr)
    File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 153, in setup
      return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
    File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
      dist.run_commands()
    File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 955, in run_commands
      self.run_command(cmd)
    File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
      cmd_obj.run()
    File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/wheel/bdist_wheel.py", line 299, in run
      self.run_command('build')
    File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
      self.distribution.run_command(command)
    File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
      cmd_obj.run()
    File "/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/setup.py", line 268, in run
      build_tvtk_classes_zip()
    File "/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/setup.py", line 254, in build_tvtk_classes_zip
      gen_tvtk_classes_zip()
    File "tvtk/setup.py", line 82, in gen_tvtk_classes_zip
      from tvtk.code_gen import TVTKGenerator
    File "/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/tvtk/code_gen.py", line 30, in <module>
      from .common import get_tvtk_name, camel2enthought
    File "/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/tvtk/common.py", line 10, in <module>
      import vtk
  ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'vtk'
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for mayavi
  Running setup.py clean for mayavi
Failed to build mayavi
Installing collected packages: traits, pyface, traitsui, configobj, apptools, vtk, envisage, mayavi
    Running setup.py install for mayavi ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status -11:
     command: /home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/bin/python -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-88gff1ct/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/include/python3.6m/mayavi
         cwd: /tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/
    Complete output (93 lines):
    running install
    running build
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    Deleting possibly old TVTK classes
    Building TVTK classes... vtkAnimationCue: Ignoring method: Get/SetDirection
    default: 1, range: None
    vtkContextDevice2D: Ignoring method: Get/SetViewportRect
    default: [1041433776, 32616, 1041433776, 32616], range: None
    vtkContextDevice2D: Ignoring method: Get/SetViewportSize
    default: [1041433776, 32616], range: None
    vtkEventDataForDevice: Ignoring method: Get/SetAction
    default: -1, range: None
    vtkEventDataForDevice: Ignoring method: Get/SetDevice
    default: -1, range: None
    vtkFXAAOptions: Ignoring method: Get/SetDebugOptionValue
    default: 0, range: None
    vtkIncrementalForceLayout: Ignoring method: Get/SetGravityPoint
    default: [200.0, 200.0], range: None
    vtkOpenGLBufferObject: Ignoring method: Get/SetType
    default: 0, range: None
    vtkOpenGLFXAAFilter: Ignoring method: Get/SetDebugOptionValue
    default: 0, range: None
    vtkRenderWidget: Ignoring method: Get/SetPosition
    default: [0, 0], range: None
    vtkRenderWidget: Ignoring method: Get/SetSize
    default: [300, 300], range: None
    vtkShader: Ignoring method: Get/SetType
    default: 3, range: None
    vtkVolumeTexture: Ignoring method: Get/SetPartitions
    default: [1, 1, 1], range: None
    vtkChartMatrix: Ignoring method: Get/SetFillStrategy
    default: 0, range: None
    vtkChartMatrix: Ignoring method: Get/SetGutter
    default: [15.0, 15.0], range: None
    vtkChartMatrix: Ignoring method: Get/SetRect
    default: [0, 0, 100, 100], range: None
    vtkChartMatrix: Ignoring method: Get/SetSize
    default: [0, 0], range: None
    vtkContextArea: Ignoring method: Get/SetDrawAreaBounds
    default: [0.0, 0.0, 300.0, 300.0], range: None
    vtkContextArea: Ignoring method: Get/SetDrawAreaResizeBehavior
    default: 0, range: None
    vtkContextArea: Ignoring method: Get/SetFixedMargins
    default: [0, 0, 0, 0], range: None
    vtkContextArea: Ignoring method: Get/SetFixedRect
    default: [0, 0, 300, 300], range: None
    vtkContextArea: Ignoring method: Get/SetGeometry
    default: [0, 0, 300, 300], range: None
    vtkImplicitProjectOnPlaneDistance: Ignoring method: Get/SetNorm
    default: 2, range: None
    vtkOpenGLVertexBufferObject: Ignoring method: Get/SetCoordShiftAndScaleMethod
    default: 0, range: None
    vtkSimple3DCirclesStrategy: Ignoring method: Get/SetMarkedValue
    default: (invalid), range: None
    vtkArrayNorm: Ignoring method: Get/SetWindow
    default: [0, 9223372036854775807), range: None
    vtkChart: Ignoring method: Get/SetSize
    default: [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], range: None
    vtkChartXYZ: Ignoring method: Get/SetAxisColor
    default: [0, 0, 0, 255], range: None
    vtkEuclideanClusterExtraction: Radius not updatable (VTK 9.1 bug - value not properly initialized)
    Warning: We cannot determine the trait type of vtkHigherOrderHexahedron.Order
    Warning: We cannot determine the trait type of vtkHigherOrderQuadrilateral.Order
    Warning: We cannot determine the trait type of vtkHigherOrderWedge.Order
    vtkHyperTreeGridPreConfiguredSource: Ignoring method: Get/SetCustomArchitecture
    default: 0, range: None
    vtkHyperTreeGridPreConfiguredSource: Ignoring method: Get/SetHTGMode
    default: 0, range: None
    Fatal Python error: Segmentation fault
    
    Current thread 0x00007f683ef6a340 (most recent call first):
      File "/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/tvtk/vtk_parser.py", line 705 in _find_get_set_methods
      File "/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/tvtk/vtk_parser.py", line 488 in _organize_methods
      File "/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/tvtk/vtk_parser.py", line 154 in parse
      File "/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/tvtk/wrapper_gen.py", line 341 in _gen_methods
      File "/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/tvtk/wrapper_gen.py", line 242 in generate_code
      File "/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/tvtk/code_gen.py", line 235 in _write_wrapper_class
      File "/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/tvtk/code_gen.py", line 142 in generate_code
      File "tvtk/setup.py", line 98 in gen_tvtk_classes_zip
      File "/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/setup.py", line 254 in build_tvtk_classes_zip
      File "/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/setup.py", line 268 in run
      File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 974 in run_command
      File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/distutils/cmd.py", line 313 in run_command
      File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/distutils/command/install.py", line 545 in run
      File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/numpy/distutils/command/install.py", line 34 in setuptools_run
      File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/numpy/distutils/command/install.py", line 60 in run
      File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 974 in run_command
      File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 955 in run_commands
      File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/distutils/core.py", line 148 in setup
      File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 153 in setup
      File "/home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/numpy/distutils/core.py", line 169 in setup
      File "/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/setup.py", line 464 in <module>
      File "<string>", line 1 in <module>
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status -11: /home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/bin/python -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-_et2d_88/mayavi_a1f30e0a23134f7dbea3e5e1300e7415/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-88gff1ct/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/liong/anaconda3/envs/py36/include/python3.6m/mayavi Check the logs for full command output.

我查了很多都是关于windows的，直接去一个网站下载对应的whl文件，很少有ubuntu的解决方法。因为我之前手动下载了vtk-7.1，我一直以为我的vtk就是7.1了，结果就试着常尝试了一下下载vtk-8.1.2发现我默认安装的9.2.6，我也不清楚为什么会有两个版本，好像还没冲突，于是乎：
 


pip install vtk==8.1.2

直接就装上了，然后再用最原始的方法


pip install mayavi

就突然成了，以前用python3.8环境的时候好像这个库都是秒装的。。。记录以下解决的历程吧。

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