《C++ Primer Plus》(第6版)第3章编程练习
《C++ Primer Plus》(第6版)第3章编程练习
1. 打印身高
编写一个小程序,要求用户使用一个整数指出自己的身高(单位为英寸),然后将身高转换为英尺和英寸。该程序使用下划线字符来指示输入位置。另外,使用一个const符号常量来表示转换因子。
代码:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
const int Ft_to_In = 12;
int height;
cout << "Please enter your height(inch):______\b\b\b\b\b\b";
cin >> height;
cout << height << " inches is " << height / Ft_to_In << " foots and " << height % Ft_to_In << " inches.\n";
system("pause");
return 0;
}
2. 打印BMI
编写一个小程序,要求以几英尺几英寸的方式输入其身高,并以磅为单位输入其体重。(使用3个变量来存储这些信息。)该程序报告其BMI(Body Mass Index,体重指数)。为了计算BMI,该程序以英寸的方式指出用户的身高(1英尺为12英寸),并将以英寸为单位的身高转换为以米为单位的身高(1英寸=0.0254米)。然后,将以磅为单位的体重转换为以千克为单位的体重(1千克=2.2磅)。最后,计算相应的BMI——体重(千克)除以身高(米)的平方。用符号常量表示各种转换因子。
代码:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int Ft_to_In = 12;
const double In_to_Meter = 0.0254;
const double Kg_to_Pound = 2.2;
double calculate_BMI(double height, double weight);
int main()
{
int inch;
int foot;
double pound;
cout << "Please enter your height(x foots y inches): ";
cin >> foot >> inch;
cout << "Please enter your weight(pounds): ";
cin >> pound;
cout << "your BMI is " << calculate_BMI(In_to_Meter * (foot * Ft_to_In + inch), pound / Kg_to_Pound) << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
double calculate_BMI(double height, double weight)
{
double bmi = weight / (height * height);
return bmi;
}
3. 打印纬度
编写一个程序,要求用户以度、分、秒的方式输入一个纬度,然后以度为单位显示该纬度。1度为60分,1分等于60秒,请以符号常量的方式表示这些值。对于每个输入值,应使用一个独立的变量存储它。下面是该程序运行时的情况:
Enter a latitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds:
First, enter the degrees: 37
Next, enter the minutes of arc: 51
Finally, enter the seconds of arc: 19
37 degrees, 51 minutes, 19 seconds = 37.8553 degrees
代码:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
const int D_to_M = 60;
const int M_to_S = 60;
int degree;
int minute;
int second;
double result;
string prompt = "Enter a latitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds:\n";
cout << prompt;
cout << "First, enter the degrees: ";
cin >> degree;
cout << "Next, enter the minutes of arc: ";
cin >> minute;
cout << "Finally, enter the seconds of arc: ";
cin >> second;
result = degree + double(minute) / M_to_S + double(second) / M_to_S / D_to_M;
cout << degree << " degrees, " << minute << " minutes, " << second << " seconds = " << result << " degrees\n";
system("pause");
return 0;
}
4. 打印时间
编写一个程序,要求用户以整数方式输入秒数(使用long或long long变量存储),然后以天、小时、分钟和秒的方式显示这段时间。使用符号常量来表示每天有多少小时、每小时有多少分钟以及每分钟有多少秒。该程序的输出应与下面类似:
Enter the number of seconds: 31600000
31600000 seconds = 365 days, 17 hours, 46 minutes, 40 seconds
代码:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
const int D_to_H = 24;
const int H_to_M = 60;
const int M_to_S = 60;
long long second;
int day;
int hour;
int minute;
cout << "Enter the number of seconds: ";
cin >> second;
cout << second << " seconds = ";
minute = second / M_to_S;
second %= M_to_S;
hour = minute / H_to_M;
minute %= H_to_M;
day = hour / D_to_H;
hour %= D_to_H;
cout << day << " days, " << hour << " hours, " << minute << " minutes, " << second << " seconds\n";
system("pause");
return 0;
}
5. 打印人口占比
编写一个程序,要求用户输入全球当前的人口和美国当前的人口(或其他国家的人口)。将这些信息存储在long long变量中,并让程序显示美国(或其他国家)的人口占全球人口的百分比。该程序的输出应与下面类似:
Enter the world’s population: 6898758899
Enter the population of the US: 310783781
The population of the US is 4.50492% of the world population
代码:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
long long world;
long long country;
double percentage;
cout << "Enter the world's population: ";
cin >> world;
cout << "Enter the population of the US: ";
cin >> country;
percentage = double(country) / double(world);
cout << "The population of the US is " << 100 * percentage << "%"
<< " of the world population.\n";
system("pause");
return 0;
}
6. 打印耗油量
编写一个程序,要求用户输入驱车里程(英里)和使用汽油量(加仑),然后指出汽车耗油量为一加仑的里程。如果愿意,也可以让程序要求用户以公里为单位输入距离,并以升为单位输入汽油量,然后指出欧洲风格的结果——即每100公里的耗油量(升)。
代码:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
double mileage;
double fuelConsumption;
cout << "Enter the mileage(miles): ";
cin >> mileage;
cout << "Enter the fuel consumption(gallons): ";
cin >> fuelConsumption;
cout << mileage / fuelConsumption << " miles/gallon.\n";
cout << "Enter the mileage(kilometers): ";
cin >> mileage;
cout << "Enter the fuel consumption(litres): ";
cin >> fuelConsumption;
cout << 100 * fuelConsumption / mileage << " L/100Km.\n";
system("pause");
return 0;
}
7. 耗油量转换
编写一个程序,要求用户按欧洲风格输入汽车的耗油量(每100公里消耗的汽油量(升)),然后将其转换为美国风格的耗油量——每加仑多少英里。注意,除了使用不同的单位计量外,美国方法(距离/燃料)与欧洲方法(燃料/距离)相反。100公里等于62.14英里,1加仑等于3.875升。因此,19mpg大约合12.41/100km,127mpg大约合8.71/100km。
代码:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
const double OneHundredKilometers_to_Miles = 62.14;
const double Gallon_to_Litre = 3.875;
double fuelConsumption;
double mile;
double gallon;
double result;
cout << "Enter the fuel consumption(L/100Km): ";
cin >> fuelConsumption;
mile = OneHundredKilometers_to_Miles;
gallon = fuelConsumption / Gallon_to_Litre;
result = mile / gallon;
cout << fuelConsumption << " L/100Km = " << result << " mpg.\n";
system("pause");
return 0;
}