Docker基础入门实战

1. 查看系统

[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-514.26.2.el7.x86_64

2. docker的安装与启动

//安装
[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz ~]# yum install -y docker
//启动
[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz ~]# systemctl start docker
//查看状态信息
[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz ~]# systemctl status docker
//查看简略版本信息
[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz ~]# docker --version
Docker version 1.13.1, build b2f74b2/1.13.1
//查看详细版本信息
[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz ~]# docker version
Client:
 Version:         1.13.1
 API version:     1.26
 Package version: docker-1.13.1-96.gitb2f74b2.el7.centos.x86_64
 Go version:      go1.10.3
 Git commit:      b2f74b2/1.13.1
 Built:           Wed May  1 14:55:20 2019
 OS/Arch:         linux/amd64

Server:
 Version:         1.13.1
 API version:     1.26 (minimum version 1.12)
 Package version: docker-1.13.1-96.gitb2f74b2.el7.centos.x86_64
 Go version:      go1.10.3
 Git commit:      b2f74b2/1.13.1
 Built:           Wed May  1 14:55:20 2019
 OS/Arch:         linux/amd64
 Experimental:    false
 //根据需要可以将docker加入开机自动启动
 [root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz ~]# systemctl enable docker

3. docker镜像管理
   1）查找镜像

[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz ~]# docker search centos:6

此时我们发现报错，具体报错如下：

[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz ~]# docker search centos:6
Error response from daemon: Get https://index.docker.io/v1/search?q=centos%3A6&n=25: dial tcp: lookup index.docker.io: no such host

docker在中国当仓库地址：https://www.docker-cn.com/registry-mirror
进入/etc/docker，查看是否有daemon.json， 有则修改，没有则创建。

[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz docker]# vi daemon.json 
[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz docker]# cat daemon.json 
{
  "restry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
}

修改完成之后重启docker

[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz docker]# service docker restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart  docker.service
Job for docker.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status docker.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz docker]# systemctl status docker.service
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Fri 2019-06-07 15:15:22 CST; 2min 57s ago
     Docs: http://docs.docker.com
  Process: 17020 ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd-current --add-runtime docker-runc=/usr/libexec/docker/docker-runc-current --default-runtime=docker-runc --exec-opt native.cgroupdriver=systemd --userland-proxy-path=/usr/libexec/docker/docker-proxy-current --init-path=/usr/libexec/docker/docker-init-current --seccomp-profile=/etc/docker/seccomp.json $OPTIONS $DOCKER_STORAGE_OPTIONS $DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS $ADD_REGISTRY $BLOCK_REGISTRY $INSECURE_REGISTRY $REGISTRIES (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
 Main PID: 17020 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

Jun 07 15:15:22 izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz systemd[1]: Starting Docker Application Container Engine...
Jun 07 15:15:22 izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz dockerd-current[17020]: `unable to configure the Docker daemon with file /etc/docker/daemon.json: the following directives don'...y-mirrors`
Jun 07 15:15:22 izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz systemd[1]: docker.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Jun 07 15:15:22 izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz systemd[1]: `Failed to start Docker Application Container Engine.`
Jun 07 15:15:22 izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz systemd[1]: Unit docker.service entered failed state.
Jun 07 15:15:22 izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz systemd[1]: docker.service failed.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

一步一坑，

2）pull镜像

[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz ~]# docker pull centos:6

3）查看镜像

[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz ~]# docker images

4）导入/导出镜像

//导出
[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz ~]# docker save centos:6 >/opt/centos.tar.gz
//导入
[root@izm5eaf76v4n0pyox3gvemz ~]# docker load </opt/centos.tar.gz