SpringCloud2023集成Nacos2.4.3

PABL01

已于 2025-03-26 18:48:53 修改

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文章标签： java 微服务

于 2024-12-25 20:35:40 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/PABL01/article/details/144727698

版权

基本都是最新版，踩了两天的坑终于集成上了，实现了多环境配置。

使用版本

关键应用	版本	备注
Java	21	Oracle OpenJDK 21.0.5
Spring Boot	3.2.4
Spring Cloud	2023.0.1
Spring Cloud Alibaba	2023.0.1.3
Nacos	2.4.3	单机模式

nacos安装

我学习过程使用的是windows环境，从GitHub的nacos主页下载对应的zip包。解压，修改字符编码的配置。

到$NACOS_HOME/bin目录下打开命令提示符输入：

.\startup.cmd -m standalone

PS D:\Software\Dev\nacos-server-2.4.3\nacos\bin> .\startup.cmd -m standalone
"nacos is starting with standalone"

         ,--.
       ,--.'|
   ,--,:  : |                                           Nacos 2.4.3
,`--.'`|  ' :                       ,---.               Running in stand alone mode, All function modules
|   :  :  | |                      '   ,'\   .--.--.    Port: 8848
:   |   \ | :  ,--.--.     ,---.  /   /   | /  /    '   Pid: 16740
|   : '  '; | /       \   /     \.   ; ,. :|  :  /`./   Console: http://192.168.213.1:8848/nacos/index.html
'   ' ;.    ;.--.  .-. | /    / ''   | |: :|  :  ;_
|   | | \   | \__\/: . ..    ' / '   | .; : \  \    `.      https://nacos.io
'   : |  ; .' ," .--.; |'   ; :__|   :    |  `----.   \
|   | '`--'  /  /  ,.  |'   | '.'|\   \  /  /  /`--'  /
'   : |     ;  :   .'   \   :    : `----'  '--'.     /
;   |.'     |  ,     .-./\   \  /            `--'---'
'---'        `--`---'     `----'

2024-12-25 16:33:57,344 INFO Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8848 (http)

2024-12-25 16:33:57,826 INFO Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 3429 ms

2024-12-25 16:34:02,518 INFO Will secure any request with [org.springframework.security.web.session.DisableEncodeUrlFilter@b61edb9, org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter@5d3ff859, org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter@7ae0cc89, org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter@6dd36ab6, org.springframework.security.web.csrf.CsrfFilter@294f9d50, org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter@32ec9c90, org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter@13e5d243, org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter@35ef439e, org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter@32bb0072, org.springframework.security.web.session.SessionManagementFilter@74606204, org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter@1d858300]

2024-12-25 16:34:02,883 INFO Adding welcome page: class path resource [static/index.html]

2024-12-25 16:34:03,281 INFO Exposing 1 endpoint(s) beneath base path '/actuator'

2024-12-25 16:34:03,296 WARN You are asking Spring Security to ignore Ant [pattern='/**']. This is not recommended -- please use permitAll via HttpSecurity#authorizeHttpRequests instead.

2024-12-25 16:34:03,297 INFO Will not secure Ant [pattern='/**']

2024-12-25 16:34:03,297 WARN You are asking Spring Security to ignore Mvc [pattern='/prometheus']. This is not recommended -- please use permitAll via HttpSecurity#authorizeHttpRequests instead.

2024-12-25 16:34:03,297 INFO Will not secure Mvc [pattern='/prometheus']

2024-12-25 16:34:03,297 WARN You are asking Spring Security to ignore Mvc [pattern='/prometheus/namespaceId/{namespaceId}']. This is not recommended -- please use permitAll via HttpSecurity#authorizeHttpRequests instead.

2024-12-25 16:34:03,297 INFO Will not secure Mvc [pattern='/prometheus/namespaceId/{namespaceId}']

2024-12-25 16:34:03,299 WARN You are asking Spring Security to ignore Mvc [pattern='/prometheus/namespaceId/{namespaceId}/service/{service}']. This is not recommended -- please use permitAll via HttpSecurity#authorizeHttpRequests instead.

2024-12-25 16:34:03,299 INFO Will not secure Mvc [pattern='/prometheus/namespaceId/{namespaceId}/service/{service}']

2024-12-25 16:34:03,344 INFO Tomcat started on port(s): 8848 (http) with context path '/nacos'

2024-12-25 16:34:03,358 INFO No TaskScheduler/ScheduledExecutorService bean found for scheduled processing

2024-12-25 16:34:03,387 INFO Nacos started successfully in stand alone mode. use embedded storage

2024-12-25 16:34:30,275 INFO Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'

2024-12-25 16:34:30,276 INFO Completed initialization in 1 ms

nacos单机模式则启动成功，登录账号和密码默认都为nacos。

创建nacos配置

当使用我这种版本的组合时，创建nacos配置时，data Id设置格式最好设为[前缀]-[运行环境].[配置格式]。

比如我设置了一个配置，前缀为micro-service。有两个环境分别是默认和开发，配置格式为yaml。

那么data Id则分别为：
默认环境：

micro-service.yaml

User:
    name: lisi
    age: 993

current:
    env: 默认环境
    config: micro-service.yaml

server:
    servlet:
        context-path: /api

开发环境：

micro-service-dev.yaml

User:
    name: laoba
    age: 837

current:
    env: 开发环境
    config: micro-service-dev.yaml

server:
    servlet:
        context-path: /dev-api

Spring Cloud部署

使用IDEA初始化一个Spring Boot的环境。

在pom里设置好各个应用的版本。

pom文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.4</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>micro-service01</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>micro-service01</name>
    <description>micro-service01</description>
    <url/>
    <licenses>
        <license/>
    </licenses>
    <developers>
        <developer/>
    </developers>
    <scm>
        <connection/>
        <developerConnection/>
        <tag/>
        <url/>
    </scm>
    <properties>
        <java.version>21</java.version>
        <spring-boot.version>3.2.4</spring-boot.version>
        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2023.0.1.3</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>2023.0.1</spring-cloud.version>
        <spring-webmvc.version>6.1.16</spring-webmvc.version> <!-- 或者更高版本 -->
        <lombok>1.18.30</lombok>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
            <version>1.18.30</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Nacos 服务配置 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Nacos 服务发现 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 服务发现：OpenFeign服务调用 -->
<!--        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>-->
        <!-- 服务发现：负载均衡 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

Spring Cloud集成nacos

application.xml配置：

# SpringBoot Configuration
server:
    port: 8080

spring:
    profiles:
    	# 此处可为空，为空和default等价
    	# 通过修改active的值来修改运行的环境配置
        active: dev
    # 应用名可以自定义
    application:
        name: micro-service01
    # 使用字符串填充的方式设置要读取的配置
    config:
        import:
            - nacos:${spring.cloud.nacos.config.prefix}.${spring.cloud.nacos.config.file-extension}?refreshEnabled=true
            - nacos:${spring.cloud.nacos.config.prefix}-${spring.profiles.active}.${spring.cloud.nacos.config.file-extension}?refreshEnabled=true
    cloud:
        nacos:
        	# nacos的ip、登录账号以及密码可统一设置，或者在 config以及discovery中单独设置
            username: nacos
            password: nacos
            server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
            # config设置要读取的nacos配置
            config:
                enabled: true
                namespace: learn-cloud
                # 设置要读取的nacos配置的格式
                file-extension: yaml
                prefix: micro-service
            # discovery设置服务被发现的设置，比如此处设置服务在learn-cloud的命名空间被发现
            discovery:
                namespace: learn-cloud
                register-enabled: true

management:
    endpoint:
        health:
            show-details: always
    endpoints:
        web:
            exposure:
                include: "*"

logging:
    level:
        com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.configdata: debug

在Spring Boot启动类获取一下使用的环境配置，然后修改spring.profiles.active的值来验证一下是否成功切换配置。


/*
 * @EnableDiscoveryClient 开启服务注册发现的功能
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class MicroService01Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext = SpringApplication.run(MicroService01Application.class, args);
        while (true) {
            String userName = applicationContext.getEnvironment().getProperty("User.name");
            String userAge = applicationContext.getEnvironment().getProperty("User.age");
            //获取当前部署的环境
            String currentEnv = applicationContext.getEnvironment().getProperty("current.env");
            String currentConfig = applicationContext.getEnvironment().getProperty("current.config");
            System.err.println("in "+currentEnv+" environment; "+"Config:"+ currentConfig +"; Username :" + userName + "; Age: " + userAge);
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
        }
    }
}

--------------------------------------------------------2025.03.26-----------------------------------------------------------------
今天在云服务器上配置了nacos，发现服务居然注册不上，折腾了好久才知道需要在安全组的入方向额外开放9848和9849这两个端口