GaussDB 使用游标
使用游标可以检索出多行的结果集,应用程序必须声明一个游标并且从游标中抓取每一行数据。
声明一个游标:
EXEC SQL DECLARE c CURSOR FOR select * from tb1;
打开游标:
EXEC SQL OPEN c;
从游标中抓取一行数据:
EXEC SQL FETCH 1 in c into :a, :str;
关闭游标:
EXEC SQL CLOSE c;
说明:
在开启GUC参数enable_ecpg_cursor_duplicate_operation(默认开启)的情况下,使用ECPG连接ORA兼容数据库时,允许通过如下方式重复打开/关闭游标:
EXEC SQL OPEN c;
EXEC SQL OPEN c;
EXEC SQL CLOSE c;
EXEC SQL CLOSE c;
更多游标的使用细节请参见DECLARE,关于FETCH命令的细节请参见FETCH。
完整使用示例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
exec sql begin declare section;
int *a = NULL;
char *str = NULL;
exec sql end declare section;
int count = 0;
/* 提前创建testdb */
exec sql connect to testdb ;
exec sql set autocommit to off;
exec sql begin;
exec sql drop table if exists tb1;
exec sql create table tb1(id int, info text);
exec sql insert into tb1 (id, info) select generate_series(1, 100000), 'test';
exec sql select count(*) into :a from tb1;
printf ("a is %d\n", *a);
exec sql commit;
// 定义游标
exec sql declare c cursor for select * from tb1;
// 打开游标
exec sql open c;
exec sql whenever not found do break;
while(1) {
// 抓取数据
exec sql fetch 1 in c into :a, :str;
count++;
if (count == 100000) {
printf("Fetch res: a is %d, str is %s", *a, str);
}
}
// 关闭游标
exec sql close c;
exec sql set autocommit to on;
exec sql drop table tb1;
exec sql disconnect;
ECPGfree_auto_mem();
return 0;
}
WHERE CURRENT OF cursor_name
cursor_name:指定游标的名称。
当cursor指向表的某一行时,可以使用此语法更新或删除cursor当前指向的行。使用限制及约束请参考UPDATE章节对此语法介绍。
完整使用示例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
exec sql begin declare section;
int va;
int vb;
exec sql end declare section;
int count = 0;
/* 提前创建好testdb */
exec sql connect to testdb ;
exec sql set autocommit to off;
exec sql begin;
exec sql drop table if exists t1;
exec sql create table t1(c1 int, c2 int);
exec sql insert into t1 values(generate_series(1,10000), generate_series(1,10000));
exec sql commit;
exec sql declare cur1 cursor for select * from t1 where c1 < 100 for update;
/* 打开游标 */
exec sql open cur1;
exec sql fetch 1 in cur1 into :va, :vb;
printf("c1:%d, c2:%d\n", va, vb);
/* 使用where current of删除当前行 */
exec sql delete t1 where current of cur1;
exec sql fetch 1 in cur1 into :va, :vb;
exec sql fetch 1 in cur1 into :va, :vb;
printf("c1:%d, c2:%d\n", va, vb);
/* 使用where current of更新当前行 */
exec sql update t1 set c2 = 21 where current of cur1;
exec sql select c2 into :vb from t1 where c1 = :va;
printf("c1:%d, c2:%d\n", va, vb);
/* 关闭游标 */
exec sql close cur1;
exec sql set autocommit to on;
exec sql drop table t1;
exec sql disconnect;
ECPGfree_auto_mem();
return 0;
}