Mysql for centos 配置

#centos 安装火狐

yum -y install firefox

centos7

从yum repository安装MySQL

wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
sudo yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
sudo yum -y install mysql-community-server
sudo yum -y install  mysql-devel

设置MySQL

启动mysql并查看运行状态

systemctl start  mysqld.service
systemctl status mysqld.service

mysql开始运行并通过3306端口进行连接。

通过yum安装mysql的话root账号会默认设置一个密码，可以通过下面的方式获得。

grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log

使用这个密码登陆root的账户。mysql要求必须更改密码才能做数据库操作。 如果你安装的mysql版本是5.7及以上，mysql的密码设置有安全性要求(长度、大小写、特殊字符)，以下两种方式可以选择

设置满足要求的密码
通过下面的方式降低密码安全性规则

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;

修改之后只有6个字符的最小长度限制 接着修改密码

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '${your password}';

centos 8

安装MySQL8.0

使用最新的包管理器安装MySQL

sudo dnf install @mysql

开启启动

安装完成后，运行以下命令来启动MySQL服务并使它在启动时自动启动：

sudo systemctl enable --now mysqld

要检查MySQL服务器是否正在运行，请输入：

sudo systemctl status mysqld

添加密码及安全设置

运行mysql_secure_installation脚本，该脚本执行一些与安全性相关的操作并设置MySQL根密码：

sudo mysql_secure_installation

步骤如下：

$ mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.

VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?
// 提示是否设置密码
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: y
// 提示选择密码强度等级
There are three levels of password validation policy:

LOW    Length >= 8
MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters
STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary                  file

Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG: 0
Please set the password for root here.
// 按照所选的密码强度要求设定密码
New password: 

Re-enter new password: 

// 提示密码强度50,不符合要求重新设置密码
Estimated strength of the password: 50 
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
 ... Failed! Error: Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

New password: 

Re-enter new password: 
// 提示密码强度100,符合要求继续进行
Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
// 提示删除默认无密码用户
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.


Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
// 提示禁止远程root登录
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : no

 ... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.

// 提示删除默认自带的test数据库
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

 - Dropping test database...
    Success.

 - Removing privileges on test database...
    Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
// 提示是否重新加载privilege tables
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.

All done!