python ipaddress

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-10 07:30:00 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-03-10 07:30:00 发布 · 1.1k 阅读

0 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：

#杂碎 #ip

开发专栏收录该内容

134 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文详细介绍了使用Python的ipaddress模块进行IP地址和网络管理的方法，包括如何创建和操作IPv4和IPv6地址，以及如何定义和遍历网络，特别关注了网络地址、广播地址、主机位和网络掩码的概念。

from ipaddress import ip_address, ip_network

1. ip_address

In [1]: from ipaddress import ip_address                                                                           


In [3]: ip_address('192.168.0.1')                                                                                  
Out[3]: IPv4Address('192.168.0.1')

In [4]: ip_address('192.168.0.1').version                                                                          
Out[4]: 4

In [5]: ip_address('fe::1').version                                                                                
Out[5]: 6

In [6]: ip_address('fe::1')                                                                                        
Out[6]: IPv6Address('fe::1')

In [7]:

2. ip_network

In [13]: ip_network('192.168.0.1/24', strict=0)                                                                    
Out[13]: IPv4Network('192.168.0.0/24')

In [14]: ip_network('192.168.0.1/24')                                                                              
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-14-32e4baec665a> in <module>
----> 1 ip_network('192.168.0.1/24')

/usr/local/python/lib/python3.6/ipaddress.py in ip_network(address, strict)
     72     """
     73     try:
---> 74         return IPv4Network(address, strict)
     75     except (AddressValueError, NetmaskValueError):
     76         pass

/usr/local/python/lib/python3.6/ipaddress.py in __init__(self, address, strict)
   1517         if packed & int(self.netmask) != packed:
   1518             if strict:
-> 1519                 raise ValueError('%s has host bits set' % self)
   1520             else:
   1521                 self.network_address = IPv4Address(packed &

ValueError: 192.168.0.1/24 has host bits set

In [15]: ip_network('192.168.0.0/24')                                                                              
Out[15]: IPv4Network('192.168.0.0/24')

In [16]: network = ip_network('192.168.0.0/24')                                                                    

In [17]: network.num_addresses                                                                                     
Out[17]: 256


In [20]: for x in network.hosts(): # 所有可用ip
    ...:     print(x) 
    ...:                                                                                                           
192.168.0.1
192.168.0.2
192.168.0.3
192.168.0.4
192.168.0.5
192.168.0.6
...
192.168.0.254

In [22]: [x for x in network.hosts()][0]                                                                           
Out[22]: IPv4Address('192.168.0.1')

In [23]: [x for x in network.hosts()][-1]                                                                          
Out[23]: IPv4Address('192.168.0.254')

In [24]: ip_network('192.168.0.1/24', strict=0)                                                                    
Out[24]: IPv4Network('192.168.0.0/24')

In [25]: ip_network('192.168.0.1/24', strict=0).netmask                                                            
Out[25]: IPv4Address('255.255.255.0')

In [26]: ip_network('192.168.0.1/24', strict=0).hostmask                                                           
Out[26]: IPv4Address('0.0.0.255')

In [27]: ip_network('192.168.0.1/24', strict=0).network_address                                                    
Out[27]: IPv4Address('192.168.0.0')

In [28]: ip_network('192.168.0.1/24', strict=0).broadcast_address                                                  
Out[28]: IPv4Address('192.168.0.255')

3. ip_interface


In [30]: from ipaddress import ip_interface                                                                        

In [31]: ip_interface('192.168.1.1/24')                                                                            
Out[31]: IPv4Interface('192.168.1.1/24')

In [32]: ip_interface('192.168.1.1/24').network                                                                    
Out[32]: IPv4Network('192.168.1.0/24')


In [34]: net = ip_interface('192.168.1.1/24').network                                                              

In [35]: net.num_addresses                                                                                         
Out[35]: 256


In [38]: ip_interface('192.168.1.1/24').network.num_addresses                                                      
Out[38]: 256