1016. Phone Bills (25)

本文介绍了一道编程题的解决方案,题目要求处理一系列电话记录,从中筛选出完整的通话记录,并按姓名及时间排序输出。通过C++实现,包括结构体定义、时间计算、排序和匹配算法。

摘要生成于 C知道 ,由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持, 前往体验 >

题目连接:https://www.patest.cn/contests/pat-a-practise/1016


题目大意:给出一系列的电话记录,这些记录每个通话接通的时刻和挂断的时刻。从中找出完整的通话记录(同时含接通时刻和挂断时刻),然后输出,输出按照姓名排序,同一个人的按照时间先后排序


解题思路:思路不难,但比较繁琐。将所有记录按照姓名排序,姓名相同的按照时间排序。然后从记录中挑出符合条件的记录对。


代码如下:

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <map>
using namespace std;
struct record
{
    string name;//记录的姓名
    int month,day,hour,minute;//记录的时间
    bool flag;//接通还是挂断
};
double compute(record r,int *rate){//用来计算钱,以00:00:00为基准.计算花费的时候使用差值
    double total=rate[r.hour]*r.minute+rate[24]*60*r.day;
    for (int i=0;i<r.hour;i++)
        total+=rate[i]*60;
    return total/100.0;
}
bool cmp1(record a,record b){//先按名字排序,名字相同的按照时间排序
    if(a.name==b.name){
        if(a.day==b.day){
            if(a.hour==b.hour)
                return a.minute<b.minute;
            else
                return a.hour<b.hour;
        }
        else
            return a.day<b.day;
    }
    else
        return a.name<b.name;

}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    int toll[25]={0};
    for(int i=0;i<24;i++){
        cin>>toll[i];
        toll[24]+=toll[i];
    }
    int N;
    cin>>N;
    record buf[N];
    string offon;
    for(int i=0;i<N;i++){//开始输入记录
        cin>>buf[i].name;
        scanf("%02d:%02d:%02d:%02d",&buf[i].month,&buf[i].day,&buf[i].hour,&buf[i].minute);
        cin>>offon;
        if(offon=="on-line")
            buf[i].flag=true;
        else
            buf[i].flag=false;
    }
    sort(buf,buf+N,cmp1);
    map<string,vector<record>> m_map;//键为名字,值为该名字的所有记录
    for(int i=1;i<N;i++){//将能够配对成功的记录保存在map中
        if(buf[i].name==buf[i-1].name&&buf[i].flag==false&&buf[i-1].flag==true){//配对成功
            m_map[buf[i-1].name].push_back(buf[i-1]);
            m_map[buf[i].name].push_back(buf[i]);
        }
    }
    map<string,vector<record>>::iterator it;
    for(it=m_map.begin();it!=m_map.end();it++){
        cout<<it->first;//输出名字
        vector<record> R=it->second;//改名字的所有配对记录
        printf(" %02d\n",R[0].month);//输出月份
        double total=0;//该人的所有记录的总花费
        for(int i=0;i<R.size()-1;i+=2){//遍历每个记录对
            double price=compute(R[i+1],toll)-compute(R[i],toll);
            int t=(R[i+1].day*24+R[i+1].hour)*60+R[i+1].minute-(R[i].day*24+R[i].hour)*60-R[i].minute;
            printf("%02d:%02d:%02d %02d:%02d:%02d %d $%.2f\n",R[i].day,R[i].hour,R[i].minute,R[i+1].day,R[i+1].hour,R[i+1].minute,t,price);
            total+=price;
        }
        printf("Total amount: $%.2f\n", total);
    }
    return 0;
}
优化这个sql SELECT count( 1 ) FROM ( SELECT B.ID, B.PURCHASE_REQUEST_ID, B.MATERIAL_ID, B.MATERIAL_CODE, B.MATERIAL_NAME, B.STANDARD, B.MODEL_ID, B.BILL_ROW_ID, B.BILL_NO, BILL_NAME, B.MODEL_CODE, B.MODEL_NAME, B.PARENT_MODEL_ID, B.PARENT_MODEL_CODE, B.PARENT_MODEL_NAME, B.UNIT_CODE, B.UNIT_NAME, B.PURCHASE_TYPE_CODE, CAST( NVL( B.APPLY_NUM, 0 ) AS NUMBER ( 24, 10 ) ) AS APPLY_NUM, CAST( NVL( B.DEAL_NUM, 0 ) AS NUMBER ( 24, 10 ) ) AS DEAL_NUM, CAST( NVL( B.RETURN_NUM, 0 ) AS NUMBER ( 24, 10 ) ) AS RETURN_NUM, B.DEAL_USER_ID, B.DEAL_USER_NAME, CAST( NVL( B.PRICE, 0 ) AS NUMBER ( 24, 10 ) ) AS PRICE, CAST( NVL( B.AMOUNT, 0 ) AS NUMBER ( 24, 10 ) ) AMOUNT, B.IMPLEMENT_CODE, B.IMPLEMENT_NAME, B.IMPLEMENT_INVEST_AMOUNT, B.PURCHASE_MANAGER_ID, B.PURCHASE_MANAGER_NAME, B.PROVIDER_ID, B.PROVIDER_NAME, B.REMARK, B.DELIVER_AREA, B.DELIVER_ADDRESS, B.RECEIVE_PEOPLE, B.RECEIVE_PEOPLE_PHONE, B.ITEM_STATUS, B.COST_CENTER, B.COST_BUDGET_CODE, B.COST_IMPLEMENT_NAME, B.FRAME_CONT_ID, B.FRAME_CONT_CODE, B.FRAME_CONT_NAME, B.DETAIL_CONFIG, B.PURCHASE_CATEGORY_CODE, B.INVOICE_TITLE_CODE, B.INVOICE_SEND_ADDRRSS, B.MATERIAL_REQUEST_ITEM_ID, B.YEAR, B.DELETE_FLAG, B.PROVINCE_CODE, B.REASON, B.PARENT_ITEM_ID, B.FRAME_CONT_ITEM_ID, B.SUB_MATERIAL_REQUEST_ID, B.SUB_MATERIAL_REQUEST_CODE, B.MATERIAL_URL, B.RECOMMEND_PROVIDER_NAMES, C.PURCHASE_REQUEST_CODE, C.PURCHASE_REQUEST_NAME, C.APPLY_TYPE_CODE, C.CREATOR_NAME, C.APPLY_TELEPHONE, C.COMPANY_NAME, C.DEPT_NAME, B.CREATE_TIME, TO_CHAR( B.CREATE_TIME, 'YYYY-MM-DD' ) CREATE_TIME_STR, C.ARRIVE_TIME, C.IS_TO_END, C.MONEY_WAY_CODE, C.OWN, C.APPLY_CATEGORY_CODE, C.manu_Type, C.BILL_ID, MMD.MATERIAL_TYPE_CODE, B.BRANCH_COMPANY_DEAL_USER_ID, B.BRANCH_COMPANY_DEAL_USER_NAME, ( SELECT ORG_NAME FROM ORGANIZATIONS WHERE DELETE_FLAG = '0' AND ORG_CODE = ( SELECT PARENT_COMPANY_NO FROM ORGANIZATIONS WHERE ID = B.MATERIAL_DEPT_ID )) AS MATERIAL_COMPANY_NAME, B.ORIGINAL, B.PROVIDER_PRODUCT_MODEL, B.PROVIDER_PRODUCT_NAME, B.PRODUCT_DESC, B.Back_Flag, CASE WHEN MMD.material_type_code = 'WZ' THEN '1' WHEN MMD.material_type_code = 'FW' THEN '2' ELSE '3' END apply_category_code_item, NVL( C.IS_CARDSYSTEM_REQUEST, '0' ) IS_CARDSYSTEM_REQUEST, B.APPLY_GROUP_AUTHORITES, B.SCIENTIFIC_RESEARCH_ID, B.SCIENTIFIC_RESEARCH_CODE, B.SCIENTIFIC_RESEARCH_NAME, B.PREQUALFY_CODE, nvl( C.IS_QUICK, '0' ) AS IS_QUICK, C.PURCHASE_WAY_CODE, C.PURCHASE_TYPE_CODE PURCHASE_TYPE_CODE_P, C.ORIGINAL_TYPE, C.PURCHASE_REQUEST_BILLS_TYPE, B.IS_FRAME_CONT_MONAD FROM PURCHASE_REQUEST_ITEM B LEFT JOIN PURCHASE_REQUEST C ON B.PURCHASE_REQUEST_ID = C.ID LEFT JOIN MATERIAL_DATA MMD ON MMD.ID = B.MATERIAL_ID AND MMD.DELETE_FLAG = '0' WHERE B.delete_flag = '0' AND B.Item_Status IN ( 1 ) AND NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM purchase_request_item_log pril WHERE B.id = pril.purchase_request_item_id AND pril.lock_status = '1' AND pril.delete_flag = '0' ) AND ( ( c.apply_type_code NOT IN ( '20', '41', '3' ) AND nvl( B.Apply_Num, 0 ) > nvl( B.Deal_Num, 0 )) OR c.apply_type_code IN ( '20', '41', '3' ) ) AND B.Deal_User_Id =: 1 AND C.MONEY_WAY_CODE =: 2 AND C.APPLY_TYPE_CODE =: 3 AND C.PAY_OUT_TYPE_CODE =: 4 AND C.APPLY_CATEGORY_CODE =: 5 AND NVL( C.IS_CARDSYSTEM_REQUEST, '0' ) = : 6 AND NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM purchase_request_item p left join material_province mp ON p.material_id = mp.material_id WHERE p.delete_flag = 0 AND mp.delete_flag = 0 AND mp.material_status = 03 AND mp.org_code = p.province_code AND p.id = B.id ) ORDER BY C.ID, B.ID ASC)
06-08
首先,可以将子查询中的所有列名改为别名,这样可以避免重名和提高代码可读性。另外,可以尝试使用 EXISTS 子查询来替换 NOT EXISTS 子查询,因为 EXISTS 子查询的性能通常更好。最后,可以考虑对 WHERE 子句中的多个条件进行逻辑上的组,以避免出现过于复杂的条件表达式。下面是优化后的 SQL: SELECT COUNT(1) FROM ( SELECT b.ID, b.PURCHASE_REQUEST_ID, b.MATERIAL_ID, b.MATERIAL_CODE, b.MATERIAL_NAME, b.STANDARD, b.MODEL_ID, b.BILL_ROW_ID, b.BILL_NO, b.BILL_NAME, b.MODEL_CODE, b.MODEL_NAME, b.PARENT_MODEL_ID, b.PARENT_MODEL_CODE, b.PARENT_MODEL_NAME, b.UNIT_CODE, b.UNIT_NAME, b.PURCHASE_TYPE_CODE, CAST(NVL(b.APPLY_NUM, 0) AS NUMBER(24, 10)) AS APPLY_NUM, CAST(NVL(b.DEAL_NUM, 0) AS NUMBER(24, 10)) AS DEAL_NUM, CAST(NVL(b.RETURN_NUM, 0) AS NUMBER(24, 10)) AS RETURN_NUM, b.DEAL_USER_ID, b.DEAL_USER_NAME, CAST(NVL(b.PRICE, 0) AS NUMBER(24, 10)) AS PRICE, CAST(NVL(b.AMOUNT, 0) AS NUMBER(24, 10)) AMOUNT, b.IMPLEMENT_CODE, b.IMPLEMENT_NAME, b.IMPLEMENT_INVEST_AMOUNT, b.PURCHASE_MANAGER_ID, b.PURCHASE_MANAGER_NAME, b.PROVIDER_ID, b.PROVIDER_NAME, b.REMARK, b.DELIVER_AREA, b.DELIVER_ADDRESS, b.RECEIVE_PEOPLE, b.RECEIVE_PEOPLE_PHONE, b.ITEM_STATUS, b.COST_CENTER, b.COST_BUDGET_CODE, b.COST_IMPLEMENT_NAME, b.FRAME_CONT_ID, b.FRAME_CONT_CODE, b.FRAME_CONT_NAME, b.DETAIL_CONFIG, b.PURCHASE_CATEGORY_CODE, b.INVOICE_TITLE_CODE, b.INVOICE_SEND_ADDRRSS, b.MATERIAL_REQUEST_ITEM_ID, b.YEAR, b.DELETE_FLAG, b.PROVINCE_CODE, b.REASON, b.PARENT_ITEM_ID, b.FRAME_CONT_ITEM_ID, b.SUB_MATERIAL_REQUEST_ID, b.SUB_MATERIAL_REQUEST_CODE, b.MATERIAL_URL, b.RECOMMEND_PROVIDER_NAMES, c.PURCHASE_REQUEST_CODE, c.PURCHASE_REQUEST_NAME, c.APPLY_TYPE_CODE, c.CREATOR_NAME, c.APPLY_TELEPHONE, c.COMPANY_NAME, c.DEPT_NAME, b.CREATE_TIME, TO_CHAR(b.CREATE_TIME, 'YYYY-MM-DD') CREATE_TIME_STR, c.ARRIVE_TIME, c.IS_TO_END, c.MONEY_WAY_CODE, c.OWN, c.APPLY_CATEGORY_CODE, c.manu_Type, c.BILL_ID, MMD.MATERIAL_TYPE_CODE, b.BRANCH_COMPANY_DEAL_USER_ID, b.BRANCH_COMPANY_DEAL_USER_NAME, (SELECT ORG_NAME FROM ORGANIZATIONS WHERE DELETE_FLAG = '0' AND ORG_CODE = (SELECT PARENT_COMPANY_NO FROM ORGANIZATIONS WHERE ID = b.MATERIAL_DEPT_ID)) AS MATERIAL_COMPANY_NAME, b.ORIGINAL, b.PROVIDER_PRODUCT_MODEL, b.PROVIDER_PRODUCT_NAME, b.PRODUCT_DESC, b.Back_Flag, CASE WHEN MMD.material_type_code = 'WZ' THEN '1' WHEN MMD.material_type_code = 'FW' THEN '2' ELSE '3' END apply_category_code_item, NVL(c.IS_CARDSYSTEM_REQUEST, '0') IS_CARDSYSTEM_REQUEST, b.APPLY_GROUP_AUTHORITES, b.SCIENTIFIC_RESEARCH_ID, b.SCIENTIFIC_RESEARCH_CODE, b.SCIENTIFIC_RESEARCH_NAME, b.PREQUALFY_CODE, NVL(c.IS_QUICK, '0') AS IS_QUICK, c.PURCHASE_WAY_CODE, c.PURCHASE_TYPE_CODE PURCHASE_TYPE_CODE_P, c.ORIGINAL_TYPE, c.PURCHASE_REQUEST_BILLS_TYPE, b.IS_FRAME_CONT_MONAD FROM PURCHASE_REQUEST_ITEM b LEFT JOIN PURCHASE_REQUEST c ON b.PURCHASE_REQUEST_ID = c.ID LEFT JOIN MATERIAL_DATA MMD ON MMD.ID = b.MATERIAL_ID AND MMD.DELETE_FLAG = '0' WHERE b.delete_flag = '0' AND b.Item_Status IN (1) AND b.Deal_User_Id = :1 AND C.MONEY_WAY_CODE = :2 AND C.APPLY_TYPE_CODE = :3 AND C.PAY_OUT_TYPE_CODE = :4 AND C.APPLY_CATEGORY_CODE = :5 AND NVL(C.IS_CARDSYSTEM_REQUEST, '0') = :6 AND EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM purchase_request_item_log pril WHERE B.id = pril.purchase_request_item_id AND pril.lock_status = '1' AND pril.delete_flag = '0' ) AND ( c.apply_type_code IN ('20', '41', '3') OR ( c.apply_type_code NOT IN ('20', '41', '3') AND NVL(b.Apply_Num, 0) > NVL(b.Deal_Num, 0) ) ) AND NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM purchase_request_item p LEFT JOIN material_province mp ON p.material_id = mp.material_id WHERE p.delete_flag = 0 AND mp.delete_flag = 0 AND mp.material_status = 03 AND mp.org_code = p.province_code AND p.id = b.id ) ORDER BY c.ID, b.ID ASC )
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值