本文详细介绍了如何配置Nagios实现邮件和短信警报。首先，确保Nagios服务正常运行并能监控客户端，然后安装和配置sendmail邮件服务进行测试。接着，编辑contact.cfg和commands.cfg文件以设置警报通知，包括添加管理员邮箱和创建联系人组。通过示例配置展示了如何为不同服务和主机指定联系人组，以便在出现故障时发送警报。此外，还讨论了如何调整Nagios的检测间隔时间。
1. 确保nagios服务能成功启动和访问。并且能够监控客户端。
2.
1）安装sendmail或postfix等邮件服务（这里以sendmail为例）。
1 安装sendmail组件
首先要确保sendmail相关组件的完整安装，我们可以使用如下的命令来完成sendmail的安装：
# yum install -y sendmail*
然后重新启动sendmail服务：
# service sendmail restart
然后发送测试邮件，验证sendmail的可用性：
# echo "Hello World" | mail xxxxxxxx@139.com
最好是申请两个邮箱做测试。意为两个管理人员。
2) 配置。警报配置只需要在服务器端配置即可。需要编辑的文件有：
1./usr/local/nagios/etc/object下的contact.cfg
2./usr/local/nagios/etc/object下的commands.cfg （经测试，这个文件不用编辑，还没研究透）
如果你不放心，可以加多以下这些代码。其他不用改动。
#define command{
# command_name notify-by-email
# command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios 2.9 *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\n\nService: $SERVICEDESC$\nHost: $HOSTALIAS$\nAddress: $
HOSTADDRESS$\nState: $SERVICESTATE$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n\nAdditional Info:\n\n$SERVICEOUTPUT$" | /usr/local/bin/sendmail -f nagios@test.com -t $CONTACTEMAIL$
-s mail.test.com -u "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ alert - $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ **" -xu nagios -xp p#3isoda
# }
注释掉了还是能成功的，有待研究 ~~ 网上说法太不统一了
2) 成功案例配置：
[root@bogon objects]# cat contacts.cfg
define contact{
contact_name nagiosadmin ; Short name of user
use generic-contact ; Inherit default values from generic-contact template (defined above)
alias Nagios Admin ; Full name of user
email nagios@localhost ; <<***** CHANGE THIS TO YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS ******
}
define contactgroup{
contactgroup_name admins
alias Nagios Administrators
members nagiosadmin
}
#######################################################################################
#######################################################################################
############## SYSTEM ADMINISTRATOR MEMBERS
#######################################################################################
#######################################################################################
define contact{
contact_name li1
use generic-contact
alias li1
service_notification_period 24x7
host_notification_period 24x7
service_notification_options w,u,c,r,f,s
host_notification_options d,u,r,f,s
service_notification_commands notify-service-by-email
host_notification_commands notify-host-by-email
email 15218402325@139.com
}
define contact{
contact_name li2
use generic-contact
alias li2
service_notification_period 24x7
host_notification_period 24x7
service_notification_options w,u,c,r,f,s
host_notification_options d,u,r,f,s
service_notification_commands notify-service-by-email
host_notification_commands notify-host-by-email
email 15218402325@163.com
}
#######################################################################################
#######################################################################################
############## SYSTEM ADMINISTRATOR GROUP
#######################################################################################
#######################################################################################
define contactgroup{
contactgroup_name system
alias system
members li1,li2
}
[root@bogon objects]#
以上意思是将两个管理员 li1、li2放到一个组system里。有意思了，可以按组来分配警报，例如有监控网络的，有监控系统的，他们都可以分别放在一个组里头。然后按组来监控某些服务或者主机。
相应的联系人和联系给已经创建好了，接下来的就是在被监控的服务中添加故障的联系人了，以下面定义的监控主机和服务为例
[root@bogon objects]# more linux.cfg
define host{
use linux-server
host_name 124.172.223.141
alias 124.172.223.141
address 124.172.223.141
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 124.172.223.141
service_description check-swap
check_command check_nrpe!check_swap
contact_groups system
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 124.172.223.141
service_description check-load
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
contact_groups system
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 124.172.223.141
service_description check-disk
check_command check_nrpe!check_df
contact_groups system
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 124.172.223.141
service_description check-users
check_command check_nrpe!check_users
contact_groups system
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 124.172.223.141
service_description otal_procs
check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs
notifications_enabled 1
contact_groups system
}
define host{
use linux-server
host_name 124.172.223.142
alias 124.172.223.142
address 124.172.223.142
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 124.172.223.142
service_description check-swap
check_command check_nrpe!check_swap
contact_groups system
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 124.172.223.142
service_description check-load
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
contact_groups system
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 124.172.223.142
service_description check-disk
check_command check_nrpe!check_df
contact_groups system
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 124.172.223.142
service_description check-users
check_command check_nrpe!check_users
contact_groups system
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 124.172.223.142
service_description otal_procs
check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs
contact_groups system
notifications_enabled 1
}
[root@bogon objects]#
以上的意思是全部服务或主机都由system来接受警报。呵呵有意思
如上面配置所示，当监控主机的ping出现问题的时候，nagios就会查看contact.cfg中定义的联系人组system中的联系人的信息，然后读取各联系人的邮件地址，当服务器出现问题的时候就会给system组的相关人员发送邮件了
3.如果要设置多久发一次邮件，或者更新检查服务器的时间间隔等，我们就要另外编辑文件了。一般要修改两个文件达到自己的目的。
文件一：nagios.cfg
修改以下（经测试，貌似间隔多久发一次警报与nagios.cfg配置无关，好像只是第一次开始检测服务异常所用的时间。那么间隔的话只与templates.cfg配置有关）：
max_service_check_spread=30 | max_service_check_spread=1
max_host_check_spread=30 | max_host_check_spread=10
notification_timeout=30 | notification_timeout=5
service_freshness_check_interval=60 | service_freshness_check_interval=10
host_freshness_check_interval=60 | host_freshness_check_interval=10
文件二：templates.cfg
左边为新文件。
[root@bogon objects]# sdiff -s templates.cfg templates.cfg.defult
check_interval 1 ; Act | check_interval 5 ; Act
max_check_attempts 1 ; Che | max_check_attempts 10 ; Che
notification_interval 1 ; Res | notification_interval 120 ; Res
check_interval 1 ; Actively ch | check_interval 5 ; Actively ch
max_check_attempts 1 ; Check each | max_check_attempts 10 ; Check each
notification_interval 1 ; Resend noti | notification_interval 30 ; Resend noti
check_interval 1 ; Actively ch | check_interval 5 ; Actively ch
max_check_attempts 1 ; Check each | max_check_attempts 10 ; Check each
notification_interval 1 ; Resend noti | notification_interval 30 ; Resend noti
check_interval 1 ; Switches ar | check_interval 5 ; Switches ar
max_check_attempts 1 ; Check each | max_check_attempts 10 ; Check each
notification_interval 1 ; Resend noti | notification_interval 30 ; Resend noti
normal_check_interval 1 | normal_check_interval 10
retry_check_interval 1 | retry_check_interval 2
notification_interval 1 | notification_interval 60
normal_check_interval 1 | normal_check_interval 5
[root@bogon objects]#
完成以上templates.cfg。暂时不一一研究每个参数先。以上用新文件就可以按每分钟来发警报了。
以下是templates.cfg整个内容：
[root@bogon objects]# cat templates.cfg
###############################################################################
# TEMPLATES.CFG - SAMPLE OBJECT TEMPLATES
#
# Last Modified: 10-03-2007
#
# NOTES: This config file provides you with some example object definition
# templates that are refered by other host, service, contact, etc.
# definitions in other config files.
#
# You don't need to keep these definitions in a separate file from your
# other object definitions. This has been done just to make things
# easier to understand.
#
###############################################################################
###############################################################################
###############################################################################
#
# CONTACT TEMPLATES
#
###############################################################################
###############################################################################
# Generic contact definition template - This is NOT a real contact, just a template!
define contact{
name generic-contact ; The name of this contact template
service_notification_period 24x7 ; service notifications can be sent anytime
host_notification_period 24x7 ; host notifications can be sent anytime
service_notification_options w,u,c,r,f,s ; send notifications for all service states, flapping events, and scheduled downtime events
host_notification_options d,u,r,f,s ; send notifications for all host states, flapping events, and scheduled downtime events
service_notification_commands notify-service-by-email ; send service notifications via email
host_notification_commands notify-host-by-email ; send host notifications via email
register 0 ; DONT REGISTER THIS DEFINITION - ITS NOT A REAL CONTACT, JUST A TEMPLATE!
}
###############################################################################
###############################################################################
#
# HOST TEMPLATES
#
###############################################################################
###############################################################################
# Generic host definition template - This is NOT a real host, just a template!
define host{
name generic-host ; The name of this host template
notifications_enabled 1 ; Host notifications are enabled
event_handler_enabled 1 ; Host event handler is enabled
flap_detection_enabled 1 ; Flap detection is enabled
failure_prediction_enabled 1 ; Failure prediction is enabled
process_perf_data 1 ; Process performance data
retain_status_information 1 ; Retain status information across program restarts
retain_nonstatus_information 1 ; Retain non-status information across program restarts
notification_period 24x7 ; Send host notifications at any time
register 0 ; DONT REGISTER THIS DEFINITION - ITS NOT A REAL HOST, JUST A TEMPLATE!
}
# Linux host definition template - This is NOT a real host, just a template!
define host{
name linux-server ; The name of this host template
use generic-host ; This template inherits other values from the generic-host template
check_period 24x7 ; By default, Linux hosts are checked round the clock
check_interval 1 ; Actively check the host every 5 minutes
retry_interval 1 ; Schedule host check retries at 1 minute intervals
max_check_attempts 1 ; Check each Linux host 10 times (max)
check_command check-host-alive ; Default command to check Linux hosts
notification_period workhours ; Linux admins hate to be woken up, so we only notify during the day
; Note that the notification_period variable is being overridden from
; the value that is inherited from the generic-host template!
notification_interval 1 ; Resend notifications every 2 hours
notification_options d,u,r ; Only send notifications for specific host states
contact_groups admins ; Notifications get sent to the admins by default
register 0 ; DONT REGISTER THIS DEFINITION - ITS NOT A REAL HOST, JUST A TEMPLATE!
}
# Windows host definition template - This is NOT a real host, just a template!
define host{
name windows-server ; The name of this host template
use generic-host ; Inherit default values from the generic-host template
check_period 24x7 ; By default, Windows servers are monitored round the clock
check_interval 1 ; Actively check the server every 5 minutes
retry_interval 1 ; Schedule host check retries at 1 minute intervals
max_check_attempts 1 ; Check each server 10 times (max)
check_command check-host-alive ; Default command to check if servers are "alive"
notification_period 24x7 ; Send notification out at any time - day or night
notification_interval 1 ; Resend notifications every 30 minutes
notification_options d,r ; Only send notifications for specific host states
contact_groups admins ; Notifications get sent to the admins by default
hostgroups windows-servers ; Host groups that Windows servers should be a member of
register 0 ; DONT REGISTER THIS - ITS JUST A TEMPLATE
}
# We define a generic printer template that can be used for most printers we monitor
define host{
name generic-printer ; The name of this host template
use generic-host ; Inherit default values from the generic-host template
check_period 24x7 ; By default, printers are monitored round the clock
check_interval 1 ; Actively check the printer every 5 minutes
retry_interval 1 ; Schedule host check retries at 1 minute intervals
max_check_attempts 1 ; Check each printer 10 times (max)
check_command check-host-alive ; Default command to check if printers are "alive"
notification_period workhours ; Printers are only used during the workday
notification_interval 1 ; Resend notifications every 30 minutes
notification_options d,r ; Only send notifications for specific host states
contact_groups admins ; Notifications get sent to the admins by default
register 0 ; DONT REGISTER THIS - ITS JUST A TEMPLATE
}
# Define a template for switches that we can reuse
define host{
name generic-switch ; The name of this host template
use generic-host ; Inherit default values from the generic-host template
check_period 24x7 ; By default, switches are monitored round the clock
check_interval 1 ; Switches are checked every 5 minutes
retry_interval 1 ; Schedule host check retries at 1 minute intervals
max_check_attempts 1 ; Check each switch 10 times (max)
check_command check-host-alive ; Default command to check if routers are "alive"
notification_period 24x7 ; Send notifications at any time
notification_interval 1 ; Resend notifications every 30 minutes
notification_options d,r ; Only send notifications for specific host states
contact_groups admins ; Notifications get sent to the admins by default
register 0 ; DONT REGISTER THIS - ITS JUST A TEMPLATE
}
###############################################################################
###############################################################################
#
# SERVICE TEMPLATES
#
###############################################################################
###############################################################################
# Generic service definition template - This is NOT a real service, just a template!
define service{
name generic-service ; The 'name' of this service template
active_checks_enabled 1 ; Active service checks are enabled
passive_checks_enabled 1 ; Passive service checks are enabled/accepted
parallelize_check 1 ; Active service checks should be parallelized (disabling this can lead to major performance problems)
obsess_over_service 1 ; We should obsess over this service (if necessary)
check_freshness 0 ; Default is to NOT check service 'freshness'
notifications_enabled 1 ; Service notifications are enabled
event_handler_enabled 1 ; Service event handler is enabled
flap_detection_enabled 1 ; Flap detection is enabled
failure_prediction_enabled 1 ; Failure prediction is enabled
process_perf_data 1 ; Process performance data
retain_status_information 1 ; Retain status information across program restarts
retain_nonstatus_information 1 ; Retain non-status information across program restarts
is_volatile 0 ; The service is not volatile
check_period 24x7 ; The service can be checked at any time of the day
max_check_attempts 3 ; Re-check the service up to 3 times in order to determine its final (hard) state
normal_check_interval 1 ; Check the service every 10 minutes under normal conditions
retry_check_interval 1 ; Re-check the service every two minutes until a hard state can be determined
contact_groups admins ; Notifications get sent out to everyone in the 'admins' group
notification_options w,u,c,r ; Send notifications about warning, unknown, critical, and recovery events
notification_interval 1 ; Re-notify about service problems every hour defult 60
notification_period 24x7 ; Notifications can be sent out at any time
register 0 ; DONT REGISTER THIS DEFINITION - ITS NOT A REAL SERVICE, JUST A TEMPLATE!
notes_url /nagios/cgi-bin/show.cgi?host=$HOSTNAME$&service=$SERVICEDESC$
}
# Local service definition template - This is NOT a real service, just a template!
define service{
name local-service ; The name of this service template
use generic-service ; Inherit default values from the generic-service definition
max_check_attempts 4 ; Re-check the service up to 4 times in order to determine its final (hard) state
normal_check_interval 1 ; Check the service every 5 minutes under normal conditions
retry_check_interval 1 ; Re-check the service every minute until a hard state can be determined
register 0 ; DONT REGISTER THIS DEFINITION - ITS NOT A REAL SERVICE, JUST A TEMPLATE!
}
[root@bogon objects]#
如何修改nagios检测时间的单位
nagios默认检测时间最小单位为60秒钟，如果想更改其单位为秒，可以进入Nagios.cfg中找到interval_length 将原来的60改为1即可。
扫一扫
660
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
