IOS-iOS10 <UserNotification>推送通知适配

最新推荐文章于 2021-09-16 00:19:13 发布

Maxdong24

最新推荐文章于 2021-09-16 00:19:13 发布

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分类专栏： IOS开发文章标签： ios 通知推送

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/Maxdong24/article/details/53219175

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本文详细介绍iOS10中推送通知的重要更新，包括更丰富的推送内容形式、统一的触发机制、支持多媒体附件等功能，并介绍了如何使用UserNotifications框架实现这些新特性。

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最近在研究iOS10关于推送的新特性，相比之前确实做了很大的改变，总结起来主要是以下几点：

1.推送内容更加丰富，由之前的alert 到现在的title, subtitle, body
2.推送统一由trigger触发
3.可以为推送增加附件，如图片、音频、视频，这就使推送内容更加丰富多彩
4.可以方便的更新推送内容

import 新框架

添加新的框架 UserNotifications.framework

#import <UserNotifications/UserNotifications.h>

注册推送

在设置通知的时候，需要先进行注册，获取授权
iOS10 所有通知都是通过UNUserNotificationCenter来管理，包括远程通知和本地通知。

   //iOS8以下
   [application registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge | UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound];

   //iOS8 - iOS10
   [application registerUserNotificationSettings:[UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge categories:nil]];

   //iOS10
    UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
    [center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:(UNAuthorizationOptionAlert | UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound) completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
    }

获取用户设置

iOS10 提供了获取用户授权相关设置信息的接口getNotificationSettingsWithCompletionHandler： , 回调带有一个UNNotificationSettings对象，它具有以下属性，可以准确获取各种授权信息

authorizationStatus
soundSetting
badgeSetting
alertSetting
notificationCenterSetting
lockScreenSetting
carPlaySetting
alertStyle

点击allow ：

UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
    [center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:(UNAuthorizationOptionAlert | UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound) completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
          if (granted) {
                //点击允许
                NSLog(@"注册通知成功");
                [center getNotificationSettingsWithCompletionHandler:^(UNNotificationSettings * _Nonnull settings) {
                NSLog(@"%@", settings);
                }];
            } else {
                //点击不允许
                NSLog(@"注册通知失败");
            }
        }];

打印信息：*<UNNotificationSettings: 0x174090a90; authorizationStatus: Authorized, notificationCenterSetting: Enabled, soundSetting: Enabled, badgeSetting: Enabled, lockScreenSetting: Enabled, alertSetting: NotSupported, carPlaySetting: Enabled, alertStyle: Banner>*

注册APNS, 获取token

iOS10，注册APNS和获取token的方法还和之前一样

在application: didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:调用 registerForRemoteNotifications方法

[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotifications];
在代理方法application: didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:中获取token

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_0){
        NSLog(@"deviceToken:%@",deviceToken);
    }

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:(NSError *)error NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_0){
        NSLog(@"didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:%@",error);
    }

设置处理通知的action 和 category

在iOS8以前是没有category这个属性的;
在iOS8注册推送，获取授权的时候，可以一并设置category，注册的方法直接带有这个参数;
在iOS10，需要调用一个方法setNotificationCategories:来为管理推送的UNUserNotificationCenter实例设置category, category又可以对应设置action;

//设置category
//UNNotificationActionOptionAuthenticationRequired 需要解锁
//UNNotificationActionOptionDestructive  显示为红色
//UNNotificationActionOptionForeground   点击打开app

UNNotificationAction *action1 = [UNNotificationAction actionWithIdentifier:@"action1" title:@"策略1行为1" options:UNNotificationActionOptionForeground]; 

UNTextInputNotificationAction *action2 = [UNTextInputNotificationAction actionWithIdentifier:@"action2" title:@"策略1行为2" options:UNNotificationActionOptionDestructive textInputButtonTitle:@"comment" textInputPlaceholder:@"reply"];

 //UNNotificationCategoryOptionNone
 //UNNotificationCategoryOptionCustomDismissAction  清除通知被触发会走通知的代理方法
 //UNNotificationCategoryOptionAllowInCarPlay       适用于行车模式
UNNotificationCategory *category1 = [UNNotificationCategory categoryWithIdentifier:@"category1" actions:@[action2,action1]  minimalActions:@[action2,action1] intentIdentifiers:@[] options:UNNotificationCategoryOptionCustomDismissAction];

UNNotificationAction *action3 = [UNNotificationAction actionWithIdentifier:@"action3" title:@"策略2行为1" options:UNNotificationActionOptionForeground];

UNNotificationAction *action4 = [UNNotificationAction actionWithIdentifier:@"action4" title:@"策略2行为2" options:UNNotificationActionOptionForeground];
UNNotificationCategory *category2 = [UNNotificationCategory categoryWithIdentifier:@"category2" actions:@[action3,action4]  minimalActions:@[action3,action4] intentIdentifiers:@[] options:UNNotificationCategoryOptionCustomDismissAction];

[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] setNotificationCategories:[NSSet setWithObjects:category1,category2, nil]];

设置通知内容

因为iOS10远程通知与本地通知统一起来了，通知内容属性是一致的，不过远程推送就需要在payload进行具体设置了，下面以本地通知为例，介绍关于UNNotificationContent的内容
官网上明确说明了，我们是不能直接创建UNNotificationContent的实例的，如果我们需要自己去配置内容的各个属性，我们需要用到UNMutableNotificationContent
看一下它的一些属性：

attachments //附件
badge //徽标
body //推送内容body
categoryIdentifier //category标识
launchImageName //点击通知进入应用的启动图
sound //声音
subtitle //推送内容子标题
title //推送内容标题
userInfo //远程通知内容

UNMutableNotificationContent *content = [[UNMutableNotificationContent alloc] init];
    content.title = @"Test";
    content.subtitle = @"1234567890";
    content.body = @"Copyright © 2016年 jpush. All rights reserved.";
    content.badge = @1;
    NSError *error = nil;
    NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"718835727" ofType:@"png"];
    UNNotificationAttachment *att = [UNNotificationAttachment attachmentWithIdentifier:@"att1" URL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:path] options:nil error:&error];
    if (error) {
        NSLog(@"attachment error %@", error);
    }
    content.attachments = @[att];
    content.categoryIdentifier = @"category1”;  //这里设置category1， 是与之前设置的category对应
    content.launchImageName = @"1-Eb_0OvtcxJXHZ7-IOoBsaQ";

UNNotificationSound *sound = [UNNotificationSound defaultSound];
content.sound = sound;

通知触发器

UNNotificationTrigger
iOS 10触发器有4种

UNPushNotificationTrigger 触发APNS服务，系统自动设置（这是区分本地通知和远程通知的标识）
UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger 一段时间后触发
UNCalendarNotificationTrigger 指定日期触发
UNLocationNotificationTrigger 根据位置触发，支持进入某地或者离开某地或者都有

//十秒后
UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger *trigger1 = [UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger triggerWithTimeInterval:10 repeats:NO];

//每周日早上8：00
NSDateComponents *component = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init];
component.weekday = 1;
component.hour = 8;
UNCalendarNotificationTrigger *trigger2 = [UNCalendarNotificationTrigger triggerWithDateMatchingComponents:component repeats:YES];

//圆形区域，进入时候进行通知
CLLocationCoordinate2D cen = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(80.335400, -90.009201);
CLCircularRegion *region = [[CLCircularRegion alloc] initWithCenter:cen
                                                             radius:500.0 identifier:@“center"];
region.notifyOnEntry = YES; //进入的时候
region.notifyOnExit = NO;   //出去的时候
UNLocationNotificationTrigger *trigger3 = [UNLocationNotificationTrigger
    triggerWithRegion:region repeats:NO];

添加通知 / 更新通知

创建一个UNNotificationRequest类的实例，一定要为它设置identifier, 在后面的查找，更新，删除通知，这个标识是可以用来区分这个通知与其他通知
把request加到UNUserNotificationCenter，并设置触发器，等待触发
如果另一个request具有和之前request相同的标识，不同的内容，可以达到更新通知的目的

   NSString *requestIdentifer = @"TestRequest";
   UNNotificationRequest *request = [UNNotificationRequest requestWithIdentifier:requestIdentifer content:content trigger:trigger1];
   //把通知加到UNUserNotificationCenter, 到指定触发点会被触发
   [center addNotificationRequest:request withCompletionHandler:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
   }];

 //在另外需要更新通知的地方
UNMutableNotificationContent *newContent = [[UNMutableNotificationContent alloc] init];
newContent.title = @"Update";
newContent.subtitle = @"XXXXXXXXX";
newContent.body = @"Copyright © 2016年 jpush. All rights reserved.";
UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger *trigger1 = [UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger triggerWithTimeInterval:3 repeats:NO];
 UNNotificationRequest *request = [UNNotificationRequest requestWithIdentifier:@"TestRequest" content:newContent trigger:trigger1];
[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] addNotificationRequest:request withCompletionHandler:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {

}];

获取和删除通知

这里通知是有两种状态

Pending 等待触发的通知
Delivered 已经触发展示在通知中心的通知

//获取未触发的通知
[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] getPendingNotificationRequestsWithCompletionHandler:^(NSArray<UNNotificationRequest *> * _Nonnull requests) {
    NSLog(@"pending: %@", requests);
}];

//获取通知中心列表的通知
[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] getDeliveredNotificationsWithCompletionHandler:^(NSArray<UNNotification *> * _Nonnull notifications) {
    NSLog(@"Delivered: %@", notifications);
}];

 //清除某一个未触发的通知
 [[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] removePendingNotificationRequestsWithIdentifiers:@[@"TestRequest1"]];
  //清除某一个通知中心的通知
 [[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] removeDeliveredNotificationsWithIdentifiers:@[@"TestRequest2"]];
  //对应的删除所有通知
[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] removeAllPendingNotificationRequests];
[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] removeAllDeliveredNotifications];

delegate

<UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate>

iOS10收到通知不再是在application: didReceiveRemoteNotification:方法去处理， iOS10推出新的代理方法，接收和处理各类通知（本地或者远程）

- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center willPresentNotification:(UNNotification *)notification withCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationPresentationOptions))completionHandler {
    //应用在前台收到通知
    NSLog(@"========%@", notification);
}

- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:(void (^)())completionHandler {
    //点击通知进入应用
    NSLog(@"response:%@", response);
}

代码中使用步骤归总：

iOS10推送新增了UserNotifications Framework，使用起来其实很简单。

只是在iOS10以上系统上点击通知栏，回调方法不再走原来的这两个方法

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo {
}
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler {
}
而是在前台的时候回调

- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center willPresentNotification:(UNNotification *)notification withCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationPresentationOptions))completionHandler
从后台进入的时候回调

- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:(void (^)())completionHandler

1，导入头文件

#import <UserNotifications/UserNotifications.h>

2，注册通知

#define IOS8 ([[UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion doubleValue] >= 8.0 && [[UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion doubleValue] < 9.0)
#define IOS8_10 ([[[UIDevice currentDevice] systemVersion] floatValue] >= 8.0 && [[UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion doubleValue] < 10.0)
#define IOS10 ([[[UIDevice currentDevice] systemVersion] floatValue] >= 10.0)
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions 方法中

复制代码
if (IOS10) {
        UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
        center.delegate = self;
        [center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:(UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound | UNAuthorizationOptionAlert) completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
            if (!error) {
                NSLog(@"succeeded!");
            }
        }];
    } else if (IOS8_10){//iOS8-iOS10
        UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:(UIUserNotificationTypeBadge | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeSound) categories:nil];
        [application registerUserNotificationSettings:settings];
        [application registerForRemoteNotifications];
    } else {//iOS8以下
        [application registerForRemoteNotificationTypes: UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge | UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound];
    }
复制代码


3，回调方法中，获取通知数据（前台类似不做说明）

- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:(void (^)())completionHandler {
    NSDictionary *userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo;
 　　//消息处理
}

4，对于本地通知没有什么变化依然会回调

-(void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveLocalNotification:(UILocalNotification *)notification