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原创已于 2023-05-12 17:45:39 修改 · 1k 阅读

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#python #utf8 #ssl

于 2022-03-09 09:25:51 首次发布

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本文介绍了如何使用Python处理UTF-8带BOM头的文件，将其转换为标准UTF-8格式，并处理遇到的非UTF-8编码文件，确保文件正确读写。同时，还提到了解决SSL证书验证错误的方法和Python生成图片的基本操作。

Python将UTF-8 w/ BOM转换为UTF-8 w/o BOM

按UTF-8 w/ BOM读入文件，再用UTF-8存储。如果源文件不是UTF-8 w/ BOM或UTF-8 w/o BOM编码，会抛出异常并打印文件全路径，但程序不会终止。

import os

def convert(d):
    for f in os.listdir(d):
        full = os.path.join(d, f)
        if os.path.isfile(full):
            try:
                s = open(full, mode='r', encoding='utf-8-sig').read()
                open(full, mode='w', encoding='utf-8').write(s)
            except Exception as e:
                print(f'ERROR: Non UTF-8 encoded file found: {full}')
        if os.path.isdir(full):
            convert(full)

解决`ssl1`错误：

错误信息：ssl.SSLCertVerificationError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: self signed certificate in certificate chain (_ssl.c:1131)

from urllib.request import urlopen
import ssl
response = urlopen('https://somedomain.co', context=ssl._create_unverified_context())

Python生成图片

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont

W, H = 480, 270
img = Image.new('RGB', (W, H), (58, 128, 168))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
font_size = 136
msg = '#Node.js'
while True:
	font = ImageFont.truetype('STSONG.TTF', size=font_size)
	_, _, w, h = draw.textbox((0, 0), msg, font=font)
	if W - w >= 100:
		break
	font_size -= 1
draw.text(xy=((W - w) / 2, (H - h) / 2), text=msg, font=font)
img.save('temp.png')