SQL SERVER 表结构信息查询（详细）

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原创最新推荐文章于 2026-05-15 09:18:39 发布 906 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

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SELECT
    表名=CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN d.name ELSE '' END,
    表说明=CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN isnull(f.value, '') ELSE '' END ,
    字段序号=a.colorder ,
    字段名=a.name ,
    标识=CASE WHEN COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id, a.name, 'IsIdentity') = 1 THEN '√' ELSE '' END ,
    主键=CASE WHEN EXISTS (
              SELECT 1
              FROM dbo.sysindexes si
                  INNER JOIN dbo.sysindexkeys sik ON si.id = sik.id AND si.indid = sik.indid
                  INNER JOIN dbo.syscolumns sc ON sc.id = sik.id AND sc.colid = sik.colid
                  INNER JOIN dbo.sysobjects so ON so.name = so.name AND so.xtype = 'PK'
              WHERE sc.id = a.id AND sc.colid = a.colid) THEN '√'
              ELSE ''
         END ,
     外键=CASE WHEN tony.fkey is not null and tony.fkey=a.colid THEN '√' ELSE '' END ,
     外键表=CASE WHEN tony.fkey is not null and tony.fkey=a.colid
                THEN object_name(tony.fkeyid) ELSE ''
           END ,
     外键字段=CASE WHEN tony.fkey is not null and tony.fkey=a.colid
                 THEN (SELECT name FROM syscolumns
                       WHERE colid=tony.fkey AND id=tony.fkeyid)      
                 ELSE ''
             END,
     类型=b.name ,
     长度=a.length ,
     精度=COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id, a.name, 'PRECISION') ,
     小数位数=ISNULL(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id, a.name, 'Scale'), 0) ,
     允许空=CASE WHEN a.isnullable = 1 THEN '√' ELSE '' END ,
     默认值= ISNULL(e.text, ''),
     字段说明=ISNULL(g.[value], ''),
     创建时间=d.crdate,
     更改时间=CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN d.refdate ELSE NULL END
FROM dbo.syscolumns a
    LEFT JOIN dbo.systypes b ON a.xtype = b.xusertype
    INNER JOIN dbo.sysobjects d ON a.id = d.id AND d.xtype = 'U' AND d.status >= 0
    LEFT JOIN dbo.syscomments e ON a.cdefault = e.id
    LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties g ON a.id = g.major_id AND a.colid = g.minor_id
    LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties f ON d.id = f.major_id AND f.minor_id = 0 
    LEFT JOIN sysobjects htl ON htl.parent_obj=d.id AND htl.xtype='F'
    LEFT JOIN sysforeignkeys tony on htl.id=tony.constid
WHERE d.name='tb' --表明  
ORDER BY d.id, a.colorder

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