dockerfile从零到一打包运行python程序

记一次dockerfile打包运行python程序

*以注册程序login为例
一、基于centos 7 打包python 3.9 images
官方镜像(需注意操作系统)
查看镜像的构建历史，从中找出操作系统痕迹。

[root@i-9d1eq6no ~]# docker images | grep python
python         3.7       2dfc79879562   8 days ago      907MB
[root@i-9d1eq6no ~]# docker history 2dfc79879562
IMAGE          CREATED      CREATED BY                                      SIZE      COMMENT
2dfc79879562   8 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["python3"]              0B        
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c set -eux;   wget -O get-pip.py "$…   10.2MB    
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV PYTHON_GET_PIP_SHA256…   0B        
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV PYTHON_GET_PIP_URL=ht…   0B        
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV PYTHON_SETUPTOOLS_VER…   0B        
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV PYTHON_PIP_VERSION=22…   0B        
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c set -eux;  for src in idle3 pydoc…   32B       
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c set -eux;   wget -O python.tar.xz…   43.3MB    
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV PYTHON_VERSION=3.7.16    0B        
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV GPG_KEY=0D96DF4D4110E…   0B        
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c set -eux;  apt-get update;  apt-g…   18.5MB    
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV LANG=C.UTF-8             0B        
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV PATH=/usr/local/bin:/…   0B        
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c set -ex;  apt-get update;  apt-ge…   529MB     
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c apt-get update && apt-get install…   152MB     
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c set -ex;  if ! command -v gpg > /…   19MB      
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c set -eux;  apt-get update;  apt-g…   10.7MB    
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["bash"]                 0B        
<missing>      8 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:513c5d5e501279c21…   124MB

看到apt-get就知道是Ubuntu操作系统，这里介绍Centos操作系统，所以自己构建一个。
拉取基础镜像centos，编写dockerfile也可以拉取alpine。

[root@i-9d1eq6no ~]# docker pull centos:7
[root@i-9d1eq6no ~]# docker images | grep centos
centos         7         eeb6ee3f44bd   17 months ago   204MB

基础镜像200+M，编写dockerfile

[root@i-9d1eq6no opt]# pwd
/opt
[root@i-9d1eq6no opt]# cat > Dockerfile << EOF
FROM centos:7
WORKDIR  /usr/local/python3
RUN yum -y install gcc.x86_64 gcc-c++.x86_64zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel && yum -y install vim wget &&  wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.0/Python-3.9.0.tgz && tar -xf Python-3.9.0.tgz && yum clean all
WORKDIR  /usr/local/python3/Python-3.9.0
RUN yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool make && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 && make && make install &&make clean  && ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3 && ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3 && yum clean all 
CMD ['/usr/bin/python3']
EOF

docker执行打包centos-py3

[root@i-9d1eq6no opt]# docker build -t centos-py3:v1 .
[+] Building 0.0s (9/9) FINISHED                                                                                                                                  
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                                                                                            0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                                                                                              0.0s
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                                                                                         0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 722B                                                                                                                         0.0s
 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/centos:7                                                                                                  0.0s
 => [1/5] FROM docker.io/library/centos:7                                                                                                                    0.0s
 => CACHED [2/5] WORKDIR  /usr/local/python3                                                                                                                 0.0s
 => CACHED [3/5] RUN yum -y install gcc.x86_64 gcc-c++.x86_64zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-d  0.0s
 => CACHED [4/5] WORKDIR  /usr/local/python3/Python-3.9.0