JavaNote 3.2Socket-优快云博客

本文介绍了使用 Java 的 Socket 编程实现简单的客户端与服务端通信。通过两个示例展示了如何建立连接并进行双向的数据传输。第一个示例实现了基本的消息交互，而第二个示例则允许双方自由发送和接收消息。

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一、Socket套接字

Socket是基于TCP协议的，用来连接客户端与服务端，下面给出两个简单的通信实例，例1并不能像QQ那样进行随意的收发信息，只能客户端发一条，服务端发一条，例2却可以随意收发信息。

例1、

服务端

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Server {
    public static void main(String args[]){
        Socket socket ;
        try {
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
            System.out.println("等待连接……");
            socket = serverSocket.accept();
            System.out.println("Client" + "连接成功" + socket.getInetAddress());
            InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
            DataInputStream dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(inputStream);
            while (true) {
                System.out.println(dataInputStream.readUTF());
                String str = "Server:" + bufferedReader.readLine();
                dataOutputStream.writeUTF(str);
                System.out.println(str);
            }
        }
        catch (IOException e){
            e.getMessage();
        }
    }
}

客户端

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        Socket socket;
        try {
            System.out.println("正在连接服务器");
            socket = new Socket("10.8.3.79",9999);
            if(socket.isConnected()){
                System.out.println("连接成功");
            }
            else {
                System.out.println("连接失败，退出");
                System.exit(0);
            }
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
            DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(outputStream);
            InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
            DataInputStream dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(inputStream);
            while (true) {
                String str1 = "Client:" + bufferedReader.readLine();
                dataOutputStream.writeUTF(str1);
                System.out.println(str1);
                System.out.println(dataInputStream.readUTF());
            }
        }
        catch (IOException e){
            e.getMessage();
        }
    }
}

说明：有的人在写这样的实例时，会把新建的流放在循环中，虽然也能达到同样的效果，但是却不可取！

例2、

服务端

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Test11  {
    public static Socket socket = null;
    class Accept implements Runnable{
        @Override
        public void run(){
            try {
                DataInputStream dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
                while (true){
                    String str =  dataInputStream.readUTF();
                    System.out.println(str);
                }
            }
            catch (IOException e){
                e.getMessage();
            }

        }
    }
    class Send implements Runnable{
        @Override
        public void run(){
            try {
                BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
                OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
                DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(outputStream);
                while (true){
                    String str = "Server:" + bufferedReader.readLine();
                    dataOutputStream.writeUTF(str);
                    System.out.println(str);
                }
            }
            catch (IOException e){
                e.getMessage();
            }


        }
    }
    public static void main(String args[]){
        try {
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
            socket = serverSocket.accept();
            Test11 test11 = new Test11();
            Test11.Accept accept =  test11.new Accept();
            Thread thread = new Thread(accept);
            thread.start();
            Test11.Send send = test11.new Send();
            Thread thread1 = new Thread(send);
            thread1.start();
        }
        catch (IOException e){
            e.getMessage();
        }


    }

}

客户端

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Test30  {
    public static Socket socket1 = null;
    class Accept implements Runnable{
        @Override
        public void run(){
            try {

                DataInputStream dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(socket1.getInputStream());
                while (true){
                    String str =  dataInputStream.readUTF();
                    System.out.println(str);
                }
            }
            catch (IOException e){
                e.getMessage();
            }

        }
    }
    class Send implements Runnable{
        @Override
        public void run(){
            try {

                BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
                OutputStream outputStream = socket1.getOutputStream();
                DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(outputStream);
                while (true){
                    String str = "Client:" + bufferedReader.readLine();
                    dataOutputStream.writeUTF(str);
                    System.out.println(str);
                }
            }
            catch (IOException e){
                e.getMessage();
            }


        }
    }
    public static void main(String args[]){
        try {
            socket1 = new Socket("10.8.3.79",8888);
            Test30 test30 = new Test30();
            Test30.Accept accept =  test30.new Accept();
            Thread thread = new Thread(accept);
            thread.start();
            Test30.Send send = test30.new Send();
            Thread thread1 = new Thread(send);
            thread1.start();
        }
        catch (IOException e){

        }


    }

}