SM的开发步骤

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-07 21:17:08 发布

勒城

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-07 21:17:08 发布

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分类专栏：笔记

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/Lecheng_/article/details/116993520

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本文详细介绍了使用Spring和MyBatis开发项目的步骤，包括查询依赖、创建数据库、反向映射、配置Spring、单元测试、事务管理、Web应用集成以及控制器定义等关键环节。

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SM的开发步骤

1、在中央库提供的web应用中查询依赖的GAV坐标值

spring-context-support提供Spring的IoC容器
spring-jdbc提供Spring针对JDBC编程的支持，并按照传递依赖自动添加spring-tx事务支持
spring-web提供spring针对web编程的支持
mybatis声明依赖mybatis框架
mybatis-spring整合Spring和MyBatis框架
HikariCP提供连接池依赖
ojdbc8是oracle11g的jar包

为了解决默认使用JavaSE-1.5的问题，添加一个插件配置【局部配置方式】

<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.8.1</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.8</source>
					<target>1.8</target>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

2、创建用户和数据表

启动Oracle数据库就是启动2个服务:

OracleServiceORCL
OracleOraDb11g_home1TNSListener

使用sqlplus操作ORCL数据库

在cmd中输入命令sqlplus / as sysdba

create user yanjun identified by 123456;  --创建用户yanjun,口令为123456

grant connect,resource,dba to yanjun; -- 通过使用角色给新用户授权

conn yanjun/123456  -- 切换当前用户到新用户

create table tb_users(
    id number(18) primary key,  -- 代理主键，类似于mysql中的bigint
    username varchar2(20) not null unique,
    password varchar2(20) not null,
    birth date default sysdate,  -- sysdate是系统提供的函数，用于获取数据库服务器的系统当前时
    sex number(1) default 1,
    salary number(8,2) default 0.0
);

-- 为了实现主键自增长效果，需要创建序列对象
create sequence seq_users;
-- 使用时可以通过序列对象的伪列直接使用nextval currval
insert into tb_users values(seq_users.nextval,'yanjun','12345',to_date('1989-4-30','yyyy-MM-dd'),1);

3、使用mybatis提供的官方插件执行反向映射

pom.xml中添加插件配置

<plugin>
				<groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
				<artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>1.4.0</version>
				<configuration>
					<verbose>true</verbose>
					<overwrite>true</overwrite>
		<configurationFile>src/test/resources/generatorConfig.xml</configurationFile>
				</configuration>
		
			</plugin>

在目录src/test/resources目录下创建反向映射配置文件generatorConfig.xml

<table tableName="tb_users" domainObjectName="User" 
               enableCountByExample="false" enableUpdateByExample="false"
               enableDeleteByExample="false" enableSelectByExample="false"
               selectByExampleQueryId="false"></table>

使用菜单Run as—Maven build…----在goals中输入mybatis-generator:generate

检查方向映射生成的实体类、Mapper接口和Mapper.xml映射元文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.yan.dao.UserMapper">
	<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.yan.entity.User">
		<id column="ID" jdbcType="NUMERIC" property="id" />
		<result column="USERNAME" jdbcType="VARCHAR"
			property="username" />
		<result column="PASSWORD" jdbcType="VARCHAR"
			property="password" />
		<result column="BIRTH" jdbcType="DATE" property="birth" />
		<result column="SEX" jdbcType="BOOLEAN" property="sex" />
		<result column="SALARY" jdbcType="NUMERIC" property="salary" />
	</resultMap>
	<sql id="Base_Column_List">
		ID, USERNAME, PASSWORD, BIRTH, SEX, SALARY
	</sql>
	<select id="selectByPrimaryKey" parameterType="java.lang.Long"
		resultMap="BaseResultMap">
		select
		<include refid="Base_Column_List" />
		from TB_USERS
		where ID = #{id,jdbcType=NUMERIC}
	</select>
	<delete id="deleteByPrimaryKey" parameterType="java.lang.Long">
		delete from TB_USERS
		where ID = #{id,jdbcType=NUMERIC}
	</delete>
	<insert id="insertSelective" parameterType="com.yan.entity.User">
		<selectKey keyProperty="id" order="BEFORE" resultType="long">
			select seq_users.nextval from dual
		</selectKey>
		insert into TB_USERS
		<trim prefix="(" suffix=")" suffixOverrides=",">
			<if test="id != null">
				ID,
			</if>
			<if test="username != null">
				USERNAME,
			</if>
			<if test="password != null">
				PASSWORD,
			</if>
			<if test="birth != null">
				BIRTH,
			</if>
			<if test="sex != null">
				SEX,
			</if>
			<if test="salary != null">
				SALARY,
			</if>
		</trim>
		<trim prefix="values (" suffix=")" suffixOverrides=",">
			<if test="id != null">
				#{id,jdbcType=NUMERIC},
			</if>
			<if test="username != null">
				#{username,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
			</if>
			<if test="password != null">
				#{password,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
			</if>
			<if test="birth != null">
				#{birth,jdbcType=DATE},
			</if>
			<if test="sex != null">
				#{sex,jdbcType=BOOLEAN},
			</if>
			<if test="salary != null">
				#{salary,jdbcType=NUMERIC},
			</if>
		</trim>
	</insert>
	<update id="updateByPrimaryKeySelective"
		parameterType="com.yan.entity.User">		
		update TB_USERS
		<set>
			<if test="username != null">
				USERNAME = #{username,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
			</if>
			<if test="password != null">
				PASSWORD = #{password,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
			</if>
			<if test="birth != null">
				BIRTH = #{birth,jdbcType=DATE},
			</if>
			<if test="sex != null">
				SEX = #{sex,jdbcType=BOOLEAN},
			</if>
			<if test="salary != null">
				SALARY = #{salary,jdbcType=NUMERIC},
			</if>
		</set>
		where ID = #{id,jdbcType=NUMERIC}
	</update>
	
</mapper>

映射接口

public interface UserMapper {
    int deleteByPrimaryKey(Long id);
    int insertSelective(User record);
    User selectByPrimaryKey(Long id);
    int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(User record);
}

实体类

@Data
public class User implements Serializable{
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -2071156397727424886L;
	private Long id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Date birth;
    private Boolean sex;
    private Double salary;
}

4、添加Spring的核心配置文件resources/applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
	<!-- 配置數據源 -->
	<context:property-placeholder
		location="classpath*:database.properties" />
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource"
		p:username="${jdbc.username}" p:password="${jdbc.password}"
		p:driverClassName="${jdbc.driver}" p:jdbcUrl="${jdbc.url}"
		destroy-method="close" />
</beans>

数据链接相关配置 resources/database.properties

jdbc.driver=oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:ORCL
jdbc.username=yanjun
jdbc.password=123456

5、单元测试

import java.sql.Connection;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;  //静态导入
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class DataSourceTest {
	@Autowired
	private DataSource ds;

	@Test
	public void testConnection() throws Exception {
		Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
		System.out.println(conn);
		assertNotNull(conn);
	}
}

6、MyBatis相关配置

<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"
		p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"
		p:sqlSessionFactoryBeanName="sqlSessionFactory"
		p:basePackage="com.yan.dao" />   自动扫描

要求Mapper接口所在的包名称和Mapper.xml映射文件的目录名称一致

7、单元测试

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class UserMapperTest {
	@Autowired
	private UserMapper userMapper;
	@Test
	public void testInsert() {
		User user=new User();
		user.setUsername("张前端");
		user.setPassword("666666");
		int len=userMapper.insertSelective(user);
		Assert.assertEquals(1, len);
		Assert.assertNotNull(user.getId());
	}
}

8、添加业务

接口
业务实现 @Service
自动扫描

@Service
public class UserServImpl implements IUserServ {
	@Autowired
	private UserMapper userMapper;
	@Override
	public boolean create(User user) {
		Assert.notNull(user,"用户信息为空!");
		Assert.hasText(user.getUsername(),"用户名称为空!");
		Assert.hasText(user.getPassword(),"用户口令为空!");
		int len=userMapper.insertSelective(user);
		return len>0;
	}
}

主动组件扫描的配置

<context:component-scan base-package="com.yan"/>

9、添加声明式事务管理

在applicationContext.xml中进行配置，为了简化配置，需要引入tx名空间

<bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"
		p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />
<tx:annotation-driven/>

在业务类上添加注解，说明事务的5方面的配置信息

@Transactional(readOnly = true,propagation = Propagation.SUPPORTS)//针对只读查询
@Service
public class UserServImpl implements IUserServ {
	@Autowired
	private UserMapper userMapper;
	@Transactional(readOnly = false,propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED) //针对增删改
	public boolean create(User user) {
		Assert.notNull(user,"用户信息为空!");
		Assert.hasText(user.getUsername(),"用户名称为空!");
		Assert.hasText(user.getPassword(),"用户口令为空!");
		int len=userMapper.insertSelective(user);
		return len>0;
	}
}

10、添加web应用

表现层框架使用SpringMVC

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
	<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>4.0.1</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.3</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
</dependency>

springMVC框架采用的是前端控制器模式，所以需要在web.xml中配置一个总前端控制器

web.xml配置父容器—管理除了和web相关的其它受管bean，这个ContextLoaderListener监听器在容器启动时自动初始化IoC/DI容器【按照contextConfigLocation配置】，并将容器存放在application中，供所有的用户共享使用

<context-param>
	<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
	<param-value>classpath:app*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
	<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

修改配置使父容器中不管理@Controller

<context:component-scan base-package="com.yan">
	<context:exclude-filter type="annotation"
			expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
</context:component-scan>

web.xml配置前端控制—子容器—管理和web相关的所有受管bean

<servlet>
	<servlet-name>yan</servlet-name>
	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
	<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-name>yan</servlet-name>
	<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>  映射后缀可以是任意后缀
</servlet-mapping>

设置前端控制器的名称为【servlet-name=yan】，所以默认的配置文件位于/WEB-INF/下，名称为yan-servlet.xml，也可以通过servlet配置参数进行修改

为了简化web应用配置，可以引入一个名空间mvc

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
	">
	<mvc:annotation-driven />  注解驱动  @RequestMapping才能生效
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.yan.action" />
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
		p:prefix="/WEB-INF/content/" p:suffix=".jsp" p:viewClass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/> 视图解析器，可以将逻辑视图名转换为物理地址  【prefix+逻辑视图名+suffix】
</beans>

11、定义控制器类

@Controller   //声明控制器类
@RequestMapping("/")   类上的地址映射，相当于是类中所有映射地址的名空间
public class UserController {
	@RequestMapping(value="login.do",method = RequestMethod.GET)  //如果get请求访问/login.do时调用这个方法，
	public String login()throws Exception{
		System.out.println("login.....");
		return "user/login";   //逻辑地址名
	}
	@RequestMapping(value="login.do",method=RequestMethod.POST)
	public String login(User user)throws Exception{
		return null;
	}
}

12、web应用测试

添加一个jetty插件

mvn jetty:run-war