ES 7.X最全最新操作命令整理

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已于 2022-05-18 22:23:59 修改

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分类专栏： ES 文章标签： elasticsearch 大数据 big data

于 2022-05-18 17:13:04 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/L___Ping/article/details/124845270

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ES 中简要对比关系

ES 分词器

standard：单字切分
ik_smart：最少拆分
ik_max_word：最细切分

POST _analyze
{
  "analyzer": "standard",
  "text": "我爱你JAVA!"
}

GET _analyze
{
  "analyzer": "ik_smart",
  "text": "张三老铁学习java！"
}

GET _analyze
{
  "analyzer": "ik_max_word",
  "text": "张三老铁学习java！"
}

查看索引

GET _cat/indices?v&s=index:asc

创建映射

如果 index是false。不支持查询，默认是true

PUT product
{
	"mappings": {
		"properties": {
			"product": {
				"mappings": {
					"properties": {
						"brandId": {
							"type": "keyword"
						},
						"brandName": {
							"type": "keyword"
						},
						"id": {
							"type": "text",
							"fields": {
								"keyword": {
									"type": "keyword",
									"ignore_above": 256
                                    "index": false
								}
							}
						},
						"keyword": {
							"type": "text",
							"analyzer": "ik_max_word"
						},
						"origin": {
							"type": "text",
							"analyzer": "ik_max_word"
						},
						"price": {
							"type": "float"
						},
						"title": {
							"type": "text",
							"analyzer": "ik_max_word"
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

查询映射

GET product/_mapping

POST 、PUT写入文档

1. PUT、GET、DELETE是幂等的，由于同一条这样的指令，执行多次结果都一样。POST非幂等

2.POST不用加具体的id，它是作用在一个集合资源之上的（/uri），而PUT操作是作用在一个具体资源之上的（/uri/xxx）

POST /product/_doc
{
  "id" : "145454",
 "title" : "999",
 "price" : 0.90,
 "origin" : "陕西省",
 "brandId" : "2",
 "brandName" : "锤子",
 "keyword" : "锤子手机"
}


PUT /product/_doc/MM7k1YAB3fJ6uCuW5sKW
{
  "id" : "16666",
 "title" : "999",
 "price" : 0.90,
 "origin" : "陕西省",
 "brandId" : "2",
 "brandName" : "锤子",
 "keyword" : "锤子手机"
}

查询当前索引下的数据

ES7.X type 的类型默认都是 "_doc"，以下是无条件查询

GET /product/product/_search
{
	"query": {
		"match_all": {}
	}
}

GET /product/_search
{
	"query": {
		"match_all": {}
	}
}

_id 文档的id

基本查询

GET /product/_search
GET /product/_search?q=id:"16666"
GET /product/_doc/MM7k1YAB3fJ6uCuW5sKW
GET /product/_search?q=price:"2799.99"
GET /product/_search?q=price:>"2799.99"
GET /product/_search?q=price:"2799.99"&q=id:3
GET /product/_search?q=price:"2799.99"&q=id:3&q=brandName:"小米"
GET /product/_search?q=price["10" TO "2799.99"]
GET /product/_search?q=price["10" TO "2799.99"]&sort=price:desc
GET /product/_search?q=price["10" TO "2799.99"]&from=0&size=1
GET /product/_search?q=price["10" TO "2799.99"]&from=0&size=1&_source=title,price,origin

_bulk 批量操作文档

POST _bulk
{"create":{"_index":"product","_type":"product","_id":"30"}}
{"id":"30","title":"小米note 4g手机","price":2799.99,"origin":"广东省深圳市","brandId":"3","brandName":"小米","keyword":"小米note手机"}
{"create":{"_index":"product","_type":"product","_id":"50"}}
{"id":"50","title":"小米note 4g手机","price":2799.99,"origin":"广东省深圳市","brandId":"3","brandName":"小米","keyword":"小米note手机"}


POST _bulk
{"update":{"_index":"product","_type":"product","_id":"30"}}
{"id":"30","title":"小米note 4g手机","price":2799.99,"origin":"广东省深圳市","brandId":"3","brandName":"小米","keyword":"小米note手机"}
{"create":{"_index":"product","_type":"product","_id":"50"}}
{"id":"50","title":"小米note 4g手机","price":2799.99,"origin":"广东省深圳市","brandId":"3","brandName":"小米","keyword":"小米note手机"}


POST _bulk
{"delete":{"_index":"product","_type":"product","_id":"30"}}
{"id":"30","title":"小米note 4g手机","price":2799.99,"origin":"广东省深圳市","brandId":"3","brandName":"小米","keyword":"小米note手机"}
{"create":{"_index":"product","_type":"product","_id":"50"}}
{"id":"50","title":"小米note 4g手机","price":2799.99,"origin":"广东省深圳市","brandId":"3","brandName":"小米","keyword":"小米note手机"}

_mget 批量获取文档

GET _mget
{
	"docs": [{
		"_index": "product",
		"_type": "_doc",
		"_id": 1
	}, {
		"_index": "article",
		"_type": "_doc",
		"_id": 999
	}]
}

GET /product/_mget
{
	"docs": [{
		"_type": "_doc",
		"_id": 1
	}, {
		"_type": "_doc",
		"_id": 2
	}]
}

GET /product/_doc/_mget
{
	"docs": [{
		"_id": 1
	}, {
		"_id": 2
	}]
}

term 精确匹配

GET /product/_search
{
  	"query": {
		"term": {
			"id": "1"
		}
	}
}

match模糊匹配

GET /product/_search
{
    "from": 0,
    "size": 3, 
  	"query": {
		"match": {
			"keyword": "手机"
		}
	}
}

multi_match 多条件模糊匹配

GET /product/_search
{
    "from": 0,
    "size": 3, 
  	"query": {
		"multi_match": {
		  "query": "手机", 
			"fields": ["title","keyword"]
		}
	}
}

query_string 含AND与OR条件

GET /product/_search
{
    "from": 0,
    "size": 3, 
  	"query": {
		"multi_match": {
		  "query": "广州 OR 长沙", 
			"fields": ["title","keyword"]
		}
	}
}

范围值

gte 、lte 范围值

from、size 分页参数

_source 只查询的字段

sort 排序

POST /product/_search
{
	"query": {
		"range": {
			"price": {
				"gte": 1,
				"lte": 50000
			}
		}
	},
	"from": 0,
	"size": 2,
	"_source": ["id", "price", "title", "origin"],
	"sort": {
		"price": "desc"
	}
}

fiter

过滤器方式查询，它的查询不会计算相关性分值，也不会对结果进行排序,因此效率会高一点，查询的结果可以被缓存

GET /product/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "filter": [
        {
          "wildcard": {
            "id": "*1*"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

GET _search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "filter": [
        {
          "wildcard": {
            "id": "*1*"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

对已存在的mapping映射进行修改

具体方法
1）如果要推倒现有的映射, 你得重新建立一个静态索引
2）然后把之前索引里的数据导入到新的索引里
3）删除原创建的索引
4）为新索引起个别名, 为原索引名

重新建索引

PUT product_update
{
	"mappings": {
		"properties": {
			"product": {
				"mappings": {
					"properties": {
						"brandId": {
							"type": "keyword"
						},
						"brandName": {
							"type": "keyword"
						},
						"id": {
							"type": "text",
							"fields": {
								"keyword": {
									"type": "keyword",
									"ignore_above": 256
                                    "index": false
								}
							}
						},
						"keyword": {
							"type": "text",
							"analyzer": "ik_max_word"
						},
						"origin": {
							"type": "text",
							"analyzer": "ik_max_word"
						},
						"price": {
							"type": "float"
						},
						"title": {
							"type": "text",
							"analyzer": "ik_max_word"
                            "index": false
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

将数据导入新的索引

POST  _reindex {
	"source": {
		"index": "product"
	},
	"dest": {
		"index": "product_update"
	}
}

删除原来的索引

DELETE /product

取别名

 PUT /product_update/_alias/product_test