C语言 学生信息增删改查

#include <stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<malloc.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#define LEN sizeof(struct student)

typedef struct student
{
    long int StudentID; //学号
    int age; //年龄
    int enrolment; //入学年份
    char sex[3]; //性别
    char name[10]; //姓名
    char major[10]; //专业
    char tell[15]; //电话号码
    char nation[10]; //民族
    char province[10]; //省份
    char birthday[15]; //出生年月
    char IDnumber[20]; //身份证号
    struct student *next;
}node;

void gotoxy(int x, int y)
{
    COORD coord = {x, y};
    /*COORD是Windows API中定义的一种结构，表示一个字符在控制台屏幕上的坐标。其定义为：
      typedef struct _COORD {
      SHORT X; // horizontal coordinate
      SHORT Y; // vertical coordinate
    } COORD;*/
    SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), coord);
}

void menu(node *head) //菜单
{
    void display(node *head);
    void input(node *head);
    void outputall(node *head);
    node *subtruct(node *head);
    node *change(node *head);
    int a;
    gotoxy(47,4);
    printf("欢迎来到学生信息管理系统！\n");
    gotoxy(38,6);
    printf("|----------------------------------------|\n");
    gotoxy(38,7);
    printf("|--------- 1、输出指定学生信息 ----------|\n");
    gotoxy(38,8);
    printf("|--------- 2、增加指定学生信息 ----------|\n");
    gotoxy(38,9);
    printf("|--------- 3、删除指定学生信息 ----------|\n");
    gotoxy(38,10);
    printf("|--------- 4、改动指定学生信息 ----------|\n");
    gotoxy(38,11);
    printf("|--------- 5、输出所有学生信息 ----------|\n");
    gotoxy(38,12);
    printf("|----------------------------------------|\n");
    gotoxy(38,14); printf("请选择操作：\n");
    gotoxy(50,14); scanf("%d",&a);
    if(a<1||a>5)
    {
        gotoxy(38,16);
        printf("请重新输入！\n");
        gotoxy(50,16);
        scanf("%d",&a);
    }
    system("cls");
    switch(a)
    {
        case 1: display(head); break;
        case 2: input(head); break;
        case 3: subtruct(head); break;
        case 4: change(head); break;
        case 5: outputall(head); break;
    }
}


node *init() //初始化链表
{
    node *head;
    head=(node *)malloc(LEN);
    head->next=NULL;
    return head;
}

void save(node *head) //将链表中的信息存入磁盘
{
    node *p;
    p=head->next;
    FILE *rf;
    if((rf=fopen("xuesheng.txt","w+"))==NULL)
        printf("不能打开文件！\n");
    else
        while(p)
        {
            fwrite(p,sizeof(student),1,rf);
            p=p->next;
        }
    fclose(rf);
}

void input(node *head) //按照学号顺序增加学生信息
{
    int number,a;
    node *p,*s,*pre;
    pre=head;
    s=head->next;
    gotoxy(20,2); printf("增加人数:");
    gotoxy(30,2); scanf("%d",&number);
    for(int i=0;i<number;i++)
    {
        p=(node *)malloc(LEN);
        gotoxy(20,4); printf("姓名,年龄,性别,民族(张三 18 男 汉):\n");
        gotoxy(20,6); scanf("%s%d%s%s",p->name,&p->age,p->sex,p->nation);
        gotoxy(20,8); printf("出生年月,籍贯(1997.7.23 山西省):\n");
        gotoxy(20,10); scanf("%s%s",p->birthday,p->province);
        gotoxy(20,12); printf("身份账号:\n");
        gotoxy(20,14); scanf("%s",p->IDnumber);
        gotoxy(20,16); printf("电话号码:\n");
        gotoxy(20,18); scanf("%s",p->tell);
        gotoxy(20,20); printf("入学年份,专业,学号(2015 计算机 1507064101):\n");
        gotoxy(20,22); scanf("%d%s%ld",&p->enrolment,p->major,&p->StudentID);
        p->next=NULL;
        if(!s)
            head->next=p;
        else
        {
            while(s&&(p->StudentID>s->StudentID))
            {
                pre=s;
                s=s->next;
            }
            if(s)
            {
                pre->next=p;
                p->next=s;
            }
            else
                pre->next=p;
            system("cls");
        }
    }
    save(head);
    gotoxy(20,2); printf("还要继续添加吗(1要0不要)?\n");
    gotoxy(20,4); scanf("%d",&a);
    system("cls");
    if(a==1)  input(head);
    if(a==0)  menu(head);
}

void output(node *head,long int StudentID0) //输出指定学号的学生信息
{
    node *p;
    p=head->next;
    while(p&&p->StudentID!=StudentID0)
        p=p->next;
    gotoxy(20,2); printf("学号为 %ld 的学生所有信息:\n",p->StudentID);
    gotoxy(20,4); printf("%s\n","姓名,年龄,性别,民族:");
    gotoxy(20,6); printf("%-10s%-5d%-5s%-5s\n",p->name,p->age,p->sex,p->nation);
    gotoxy(20,8); printf("%s\n","出生年月,籍贯:");
    gotoxy(20,10); printf("%-15s%-10s\n",p->birthday,p->province);
    gotoxy(20,12); printf("%s\n","身份证号:");
    gotoxy(35,12); printf("%-20s\n",p->IDnumber);
    gotoxy(20,14); printf("%s\n","电话号码:");
    gotoxy(35,14); printf("%-20s\n",p->tell);
    gotoxy(20,16); printf("%s\n","入学年份,专业,学号:");
    gotoxy(20,18); printf("%-10d%-20s%-20ld\n",p->enrolment,p->major,p->StudentID);
    p=p->next;
    gotoxy(20,20); printf("按任意键继续!\n");
    getch();
}

void outputall(node *head) //输出所有学生信息
{
    node *write(node *head);
    head=write(head);
    node *p;
    p=head->next;
    if(!(head->next))
    {
        gotoxy(38,4); printf("学生信息为空！按任意键返回主菜单！\n");
        getch();
    }
    else
    {
        while(p)
        {
            printf("学号为 %ld 的学生所有信息:\n\n",p->StudentID);
            printf("%s\n\n","姓名,年龄,性别,民族:");
            printf("%-10s%-5d%-5s%-5s\n\n",p->name,p->age,p->sex,p->nation);
            printf("%s\n\n","出生年月,籍贯:");
            printf("%-15s%-10s\n\n",p->birthday,p->province);
            printf("%s\n\n","身份证号:");
            printf("%-20s\n\n",p->IDnumber);
            printf("%s\n\n","电话号码:");
            printf("%-20s\n\n",p->tell);
            printf("%s\n\n","入学年份,专业,学号:");
            printf("%-10d%-20s%-20ld\n\n",p->enrolment,p->major,p->StudentID);
            p=p->next;
        }
        printf("按任意键返回主菜单！\n");
    }
        getch();
        system("cls");
        menu(head);
}

void display(node *head) //查询指定学生信息
{
    int a;
    node *p;
    long int StudentID0;
    if(!(head->next))
    {
        gotoxy(38,4); printf("学生信息为空！按任意键返回主菜单！\n");
        getch();
    }
    else
    {
        gotoxy(20,2); printf("请输入要查询学生的学号:\n");
        gotoxy(20,4); scanf("%ld",&StudentID0);
        p=head->next;
        while(p&&p->StudentID!=StudentID0)
            p=p->next;
        if(p==NULL)
        {
            gotoxy(20,6);printf("没有这位同学的信息，是否要录入？(1是0否):");
            gotoxy(65,6);scanf("%d",&a);
            system("cls");
            if(a==1)   input(head);
            if(a==0)   menu(head);
        }
        else
        {
            system("cls");
            output(head,StudentID0);
        }
    }
    system("cls");
    menu(head);
}

void subtruct(node *head) //删除指定学生信息
{
    int a;
    node *p,*pre;
    long int StudentID0;
    gotoxy(20,2); printf("请输入要删除学生的学号:\n");
    gotoxy(20,4); scanf("%ld",&StudentID0);
    p=head->next;
    pre=head;
    while(p&&p->StudentID!=StudentID0)
    {
        pre=p;
        p=p->next;
    }
    if(p==NULL)
    {
        gotoxy(20,6);printf("没有这位同学的信息!按任意键返回主菜单!\n");
        getch();
        system("cls");
        menu(head);
    }
    else
    {
        system("cls");
        output(head,StudentID0);
        system("cls");
        gotoxy(20,2); printf("是否确认删除？(1是0否):");
        gotoxy(50,2);scanf("%d",&a);
        pre->next=p->next;
        p->next=NULL;
        save(head);
        gotoxy(20,4); printf("删除成功！按任意键返回主菜单！\n");
        free(p);
        getch();
    }
    system("cls");
    menu(head);
}

node *change(node *head) //改变指定学生信息
{
    long int StudentID0;
    char info[20];
    node *p;
    int d,a;
    long int ld;
    char char0[20];
    p=head->next;
    printf("请输入要改动的学生学号:\n");
    scanf("%ld",&StudentID0);
    output(head,StudentID0);
    while(p&&p->StudentID!=StudentID0)
        p=p->next;
    printf("请输入改动项目:\n");
    scanf("%s",info);
    if(strcmp("姓名",info)==0)  a=1;
    if(strcmp("年龄",info)==0)  a=2;
    if(strcmp("性别",info)==0)  a=3;
    if(strcmp("民族",info)==0)  a=4;
    if(strcmp("籍贯",info)==0)  a=5;
    if(strcmp("专业",info)==0)  a=6;
    if(strcmp("学号",info)==0)  a=7;
    if(strcmp("出生年月",info)==0)  a=8;
    if(strcmp("身份证号",info)==0)  a=9;
    if(strcmp("电话号码",info)==0)  a=10;
    if(strcmp("入学年份",info)==0)  a=11;
    printf("请输入改动内容:\n");
    switch(a)
    {
        case 1: scanf("%s",char0); strcpy(p->name,char0); break;
        case 2: scanf("%d",&d); p->age=d; break;
        case 3: scanf("%s",char0); strcpy(p->sex,char0); break;
        case 4: scanf("%s",char0); strcpy(p->nation,char0); break;
        case 5: scanf("%s",char0); strcpy(p->province,char0); break;
        case 6: scanf("%s",char0); strcpy(p->major,char0); break;
        case 7: scanf("%ld",&ld); p->StudentID=ld; break;
        case 8: scanf("%s",char0); strcpy(p->birthday,char0); break;
        case 9: scanf("%s",char0); strcpy(p->IDnumber,char0); break;
        case 10: scanf("%s",char0); strcpy(p->tell,char0); break;
        case 11: scanf("%d",&d); p->enrolment=d; break;
    }
    printf("是否继续改动？(1是0否)：");
    scanf("%d",&a);
    if(a==1)   {system("cls"); head=change(head);}
    printf("改动成功！按任意键查看该生信息！\n");
    getch();
    system("cls");
    save(head);
    output(head,StudentID0);
    system("cls");
    menu(head);
    return head;
}

node *write(node *head) //从磁盘读入信息并形成单链表
{
    node *p,*s,stu;
    p=head;
    FILE *rf;
    if((rf=fopen("xuesheng.txt","r+"))==NULL)
        printf("不能打开文件！\n");
    else
    {
        while(fread(&stu,sizeof(node),1,rf)!=0)
        {
            s=(node *)malloc(LEN);
            s->age=stu.age;
            s->enrolment=stu.enrolment;
            s->StudentID=stu.StudentID;
            strcpy(s->birthday,stu.birthday);
            strcpy(s->IDnumber,stu.IDnumber);
            strcpy(s->major,stu.major);
            strcpy(s->name,stu.name);
            strcpy(s->nation,stu.nation);
            strcpy(s->province,stu.province);
            strcpy(s->sex,stu.sex);
            strcpy(s->tell,stu.tell);
            s->next=NULL;
            p->next=s;
            p=s;
        }
    }
    fclose(rf);
    return head;
}

int main()
{
    system("color F5");
    node *head;
    head=init();
    head=write(head);
    menu(head);
    return 0;
}