实习日记四--基于SSM框架的管理系统：简单实现增、删、改、查。

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-15 00:15:00 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2024-10-15 00:15:00 发布 · 1k 阅读

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CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

本文详细介绍使用SSM框架（Spring、SpringMVC、MyBatis）搭建项目的过程，包括项目结构、配置文件、依赖引入及代码编写。涵盖从创建Maven项目到前后台代码实现的全过程。

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1.项目框架的搭建。

创建SSM的基本文件。

新建Maven项目：
点击File -> New -> Project -> Maven -> 勾选 Create from archetype -> 选择 maven-archetype-webapp，在弹出的new project 选项卡中填写GroupId和Artifactid。
在新建的项目中添加所需要的文件/文件夹。首先在项目的根目录下新建target文件夹。
2.1在src/main目录下新建Directory：“java”，并将其设置为“Source Root“。
2.2在刚才新建的java文件下新建“com”包，再在com包下新建四个包，分别命名为：bean,service,dao,controller。在resource包下新建Directory：“mapper”（用于存放xxxMapper.xml文件）和“spring”（用于存放spring-xxx.xml配置文件），新建文件：“jdbc.properties”（mysql数据库配置文件）,”log4j.properties”（日志输出配置文件）,”mybatis-config.xml”（mybatis框架配置文件）。
2.3 在web-inf目录下新建“jsp”包。
下图为创建后的文件结构。

在这里插入图片描述

2.配置文件

2.1配置POM文件preperties。

<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<!-- spring版本号 -->
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<!-- mybatis版本号 -->
<mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
<!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
<slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<c3p0.version>0.9.5.2</c3p0.version>
<taglibs.version>1.1.2</taglibs.version>

## 2.2配置POM文件denpendencies dependencies> org.springframework spring-core ${spring.version}

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
  <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
  <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
  <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
  <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
  <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
  <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
  <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
  <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis核心包 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
  <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
  <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
  <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
  <version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入java ee jar 包 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>javax</groupId>
  <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
  <version>7.0</version>
</dependency>

<!-- 导入Mysql数据库链接jar包 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>mysql</groupId>
  <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  <version>5.1.30</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入dbcp的jar包，用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
  <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
  <version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSTL标签类 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>jstl</groupId>
  <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
  <version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
<!-- log start -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>log4j</groupId>
  <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
  <version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>


<!-- 数据连接池 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
  <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
  <version>${c3p0.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
  <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
  <version>${taglibs.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
  <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
  <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
  <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
  <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>

<!-- 导入servlet-api/jsp -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
  <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
  <version>3.1.0</version>
  <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
  <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
  <version>2.3.1</version>
  <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

## 2.3applcationContext.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!-- 1.注解扫描位置-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zhongruan.controller" />

<!-- 2.配置映射处理和适配器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/>

<!-- 3.视图的解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/" />
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>

## 2.4 db.preperties文件

这个文件中记得改变为自己的JDBC的用户名和密码，不然会导致连接失败。

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/idea?useSSL=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123

2.5log4.properties文件

#Global logging configuration
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
#Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n

2.6spring-mvc.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!-- 1.注解扫描位置-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zhongruan.controller" />

<!-- 2.配置映射处理和适配器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/>

<!-- 3.视图的解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/" />
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>

3.编写代码

3.1首先后创建基本的用户类

public class Userinfo {
    private int id;
    private String username;
    private  String password;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

然后添加geiter,setter,tostring方法。

3.2编写IUserDao和实现文件mapper.xml

package com.zhongruan.dao;
import  com.zhongruan.bean.Userinfo;
import  java.util.List;
public interface IUserDao {

int addUser(Userinfo user);
int deleteUser(long id);
int updateUser(Userinfo user);
public Userinfo queryId(long id);
public  List<Userinfo> findAll();

}

在这里插入代码片<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.zhongruan.dao.IUserDao">
<select id="findAll" resultType="com.zhongruan.bean.Userinfo">
    select * from userinfo;
</select>
    <insert id="addUser"   >
       insert into userinfo (id,username,password) value (#{id},#{username},#{password});
    </insert>

<update id="updateUser" >
    update  userinfo
     set username=#{username},password=#{password} where id=#{id};
</update>
    <select id="queryId" resultType="com.zhongruan.bean.Userinfo">
        select  id,username,password from  userinfo  where id=#{id};
    </select>
    <delete id="deleteUser"  >
        delete from userinfo where id=#{id};
    </delete>

</mapper>

3.3 编写IUService接口，实现UserServiceimp

package com.zhongruan.service;

import com.zhongruan.bean.Userinfo;

import java.util.List;

public interface IUserService {

    int addUser(Userinfo user);
    int deleteUser(long id);
    int updateUser(Userinfo user);
    public Userinfo queryId(long id);
    List<Userinfo> findAll();

}
package com.zhongruan.service.impl;

import com.zhongruan.bean.Userinfo;
import com.zhongruan.dao.IUserDao;
import com.zhongruan.service.IUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;
@Service
public class UserServiceimpl implements IUserService {
   @Autowired
   IUserDao userdao ;
    @Override
    public int addUser(Userinfo user)
    {
        return userdao.addUser(user);
    }
    public int deleteUser(long id)
    {
        return userdao.deleteUser(id);
    }
    public int updateUser(Userinfo user)
    {
        return userdao.updateUser(user);
    }
    public Userinfo queryId(long id)
    {
        return userdao.queryId(id);
    }
    public List<Userinfo> findAll()
    {
        return userdao.findAll();
    }
}

3.4编写Controller

package com.zhongruan.controller;

import com.sun.org.apache.xpath.internal.operations.Mod;
import com.zhongruan.bean.Userinfo;
import com.zhongruan.service.IUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import  org.springframework.ui.Model;


import java.util.List;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("user")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private IUserService userService;
    @RequestMapping("/findAll.do")
    public ModelAndView findAll()
    {
        List<Userinfo> userinfos =userService.findAll();
        ModelAndView mv =new ModelAndView();
        mv.addObject("ui",userinfos);
        mv.setViewName("allUser");

        return mv;
    }
    @RequestMapping("/toAddUser.do")
    public String toaddUser()
    {
       return "addUser";
}

@RequestMapping("/save.do")
public String addUser(Userinfo user) {
    userService.addUser(user);
    return "redirect:/user/findAll.do";
}
@RequestMapping("/delete.do")
public String deleteUser(Long id) {
    userService.deleteUser(id);
    return "redirect:/user/findAll.do";
}


    @RequestMapping("update.do")
   public String updateUser(Model model, Userinfo userinfo)
    {
        userService.updateUser(userinfo);
        userinfo= userService.queryId(userinfo.getId());
        model.addAttribute("user",userinfo);
        return "redirect:/user/findAll.do";
    }
    @RequestMapping("toUpdateUser.do")
    public String toUpdatePaper(Model model, Long id) {
        model.addAttribute("user", userService.queryId(id));
        return "updateUser";
    }
}

3.5导入前台文件addUser

<%@ page language=“java” contentType=“text/html; charset=UTF-8”
pageEncoding=“UTF-8” isELIgnored=“false”%>
<%@ taglib prefix=“c” uri=“http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core” %>

新增用户

<div class="row clearfix">
    <div class="col-md-12 column">
        <div class="page-header">
            <h1>
                <small>新增用户</small>
            </h1>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/save.do"
          method="post">
    用&nbsp;&nbsp;户&nbsp;&nbsp;id：<input type="text" name="id"><br><br><br>
    用户姓名：<input type="text" name="username"><br><br><br>
    用户密码：<input type="text" name="password"><br><br><br>
    <input type="submit" value="添加"  >
</form>

3.6导入前台文件updateUser

<%@ page language=“java” contentType=“text/html; charset=UTF-8”
pageEncoding=“UTF-8” isELIgnored=“false”%>
<%@ taglib prefix=“c” uri=“http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core” %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + “?/”
+ request.getServerName() + “:” + request.getServerPort()
+ path + “/”;
%>

修改论文

<div class="row clearfix">
    <div class="col-md-12 column">
        <div class="page-header">
            <h1>
                <small>修改用户</small>
            </h1>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

<form action="" name="userform" >
    <input type="hidden" name="id" value="${user.id}"/>
    用户姓名：<input type="text" name="username" value="${user.username}"/>
    用户密码：<input type="text" name="password" value="${user.password}"/>
    <input type="submit" value="提交"  onclick="updateUser()"/>
</form>
<script type="text/javascript">
    function  updateUser() {
        var form = document.forms[0];
        form.action ="<%=basePath%>user/update.do";
        form.method ="post";
        form.submit();

    }
</script>

## 3.7 导入前台文件allUser <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false"%> <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> user列表

<div class="row clearfix">
    <div class="col-md-12 column">
        <div class="page-header">
            <h1>
                <small>用户列表 —— 显示所有用户</small>
            </h1>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-4 column">
        <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/toAddUser.do">新增</a>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
    <div class="col-md-12 column">
        <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
            <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>id</th>
                <th>用户名</th>
                <th>密码</th>
                <th>操作</th>
            </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
            <c:forEach items="${ui}" var="userinfo">
                <tr>
                    <td>${userinfo.id}</td>
                    <td>${userinfo.username}</td>
                    <td>${userinfo.password}</td>
                    <td>
                        <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/toUpdateUser.do?id=${userinfo.id}">更改</a> |
                        <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/delete.do?id=${userinfo.id}">删除</a>
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </c:forEach>
            </tbody>
        </table>
    </div>
</div>

到此为止，项目基本完成了构建。在修改一些变量时，要记得在其他的放也修改对应的变量，否则会出现404，500等异常。
在这给出我的数据库创建图，要记得在一些地方要根据自己的数据库进行修改代码。我的数据库表名为idea，结构为下图在这里插入图片描述